With the exception <strong>of</strong> storytelling, children were morelikely to undertake these activities in areas <strong>of</strong> lowerlevels <strong>of</strong> isolation (Figure 27). Children in areas <strong>of</strong> higherisolation were 13.6 percentage points more likely to havehad a story told to them than those in areas <strong>of</strong> no orlow isolation. Children whose primary carer had a higherlevel <strong>of</strong> education (a university qualification or Year 12certificate) were as likely to have had a story told to themin the previous week regardless <strong>of</strong> the level <strong>of</strong> isolation.However, the children <strong>of</strong> parents with lower levels <strong>of</strong>education were more likely to have a story told to themif they lived in areas <strong>of</strong> moderate to extreme isolation.Interestingly, the number <strong>of</strong> children’s books in thehousehold (reported in wave 2) did not make a significantdifference to the likelihood <strong>of</strong> children having a story toldto them. However, it did make a difference in the uptake<strong>of</strong> the other three activities. Children who did notparticipate in the other activities were more likely to haveon average fewer books in the house than those childrenwho did participate.A comparison <strong>of</strong> the likelihood <strong>of</strong> engaging in theseactivities with the number <strong>of</strong> hours <strong>of</strong> television watchingshows that there is no significant impact. Children whoengaged in one or more <strong>of</strong> these activities tended towatch similar levels <strong>of</strong> television as shown in the previoussection. Furthermore, children who did not engage in any<strong>of</strong> these activities were also found to watch televisionin the same proportions across low, moderate and highlevels <strong>of</strong> viewing as those who did undertake the activities.In a separate set <strong>of</strong> questions, children in the K cohortwere asked directly whether they liked various activities.Table 55 shows that girls were much more likely than boysto enjoy reading books and drawing but both boys andgirls enjoyed making things.Figure 27: Percentage <strong>of</strong> children doing activities by LORI, per centTable 55: Study children’s enjoyment <strong>of</strong> non-physical activities, per centYes Sometimes NoActivity Boys Girls Boys Girls Boys GirlsMaking things 90.2 91.7 4.6 4.9 5.3 3.4Drawing pictures 85.7 93.2 7.2 5.3 7.2 1.5Reading books 74.8 87.6 9.0 5.6 16.2 6.866 Footprints in Time: The Longitudinal Study <strong>of</strong> Indigenous Children | Key <strong>Summary</strong> <strong>Report</strong> from Wave 3
Physical activities with adult involvementThere is only one question in Footprints in Time aboutorganised physical activities: ‘In the past month has thestudy child done any organised sport or dancing?’ Thiswas asked for the first time in wave 3.Overall, 24.1 per cent <strong>of</strong> children had participated in anorganised physical activity. However, only 10.3 per cent<strong>of</strong> the B cohort had undertaken these activities while43.1 per cent <strong>of</strong> the K cohort had participated. Therewas a big jump in participation from 13.2 per cent <strong>of</strong>4 year olds to 34.8 per cent <strong>of</strong> 5 year olds. While thismay be related to age, it is more likely to be related toschool attendance. When primary carers were asked tospecify the activity their child participated in, many <strong>of</strong>them referred to school sporting activities. Of the childrenin the B cohort who participated in organised physicalactivities, 24.1 per cent went swimming and 33.7 per centwere learning dance. About one-third <strong>of</strong> the primarycarers who responded that their child was learning dancespecified that they were learning traditional Indigenousdancing. For the children in K cohort, 11.5 per cent hadparticipated in a swimming activity and 21.7 per cent hadbeen dancing, with about one-fifth learning traditionalIndigenous dancing. Dancing was not restricted to thegirls; one-third <strong>of</strong> children who had been dancing wereboys. Other popular activities in which the children wereinvolved included athletics, gymnastics, martial arts andteam sports such as soccer, cricket and basketball.Different patterns emerge for the two cohorts for levels <strong>of</strong>relative isolation. For the B cohort, children in areas <strong>of</strong> noisolation were the most likely to be involved in organisedsporting activities (16.1 per cent), followed by children inareas <strong>of</strong> high or extreme isolation (12.5 per cent). For theK cohort, this pattern is reversed with children in this cohorthaving the highest involvement rate (60.9 per cent) inareas <strong>of</strong> high isolation, followed by children in areas <strong>of</strong> noisolation (49.7 per cent). The involvement rates were lowestin areas <strong>of</strong> moderate isolation.Physical activity without adult involvementWhen asked whether their child liked participating inphysical activity or exercise, 91.3 per cent <strong>of</strong> primarycarers indicated that their child ‘liked it a lot’. A further7.4 per cent indicated that they ‘liked it a bit’ as opposedto neither liking it nor disliking it’, and ‘disliking it a lot’. Forthe K cohort, this question was also asked in wave 1; theprimary carers <strong>of</strong> children in the B cohort were askedthis question for the first time in wave 3. There is littledifference between the cohorts or between the wavesfor the K cohort. Different levels <strong>of</strong> isolation also make littledifference to the response rates <strong>of</strong> whether children enjoyphysical exercise.This enjoyment <strong>of</strong> physical activity is confirmed by thefact that, in wave 3, 57.0 per cent <strong>of</strong> primary carersalso responded that given the choice, children wouldchoose to do something physical in their free time. Thishas decreased since wave 1 when 63.7 per cent <strong>of</strong>primary carers indicated that their child would chooseto do something physical. However, in wave 3 a further29.6 per cent indicated that their child would be just aslikely to choose a physical activity as a quiet activity, anincrease from 21.5 per cent in wave 1. When dividedbetween the cohorts, children in the K cohort were4.2 percentage points more likely to choose a quietactivity than the B cohort. Table 56 shows the changesin the choices K cohort children usually made regardingtheir activity type in wave 1 and wave 3. It shows that37.2 per cent <strong>of</strong> children for whom there are responsesin both waves usually chose to do something active and10.6 per cent chose something either quiet or active inwave 1 but chose to do something active in wave 3.Table 56: Types <strong>of</strong> activities chosen by children, wave 1 and wave 3Wave 3Wave 1 Active Quiet Either TotalActive 37.2 7.5 17.4 62.1Quiet 6.2 4.8 4.4 15.4Either 10.6 5.1 6.8 22.5Total 54.0 17.4 28.6 100.0Note: Only includes children for whom there was a response in both wave 1 and wave 3.Footprints in Time: The Longitudinal Study <strong>of</strong> Indigenous Children | Key <strong>Summary</strong> <strong>Report</strong> from Wave 367