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Figure 14: Most common reasons for moving house, per centAbout 22 per cent of respondents moved house betweentheir wave 3 interview and their previous interview. Amongthose who moved, the most commonly cited reason forchanging residence was a wish to get a bigger or betterhome (16.7 per cent). The second most prevalent reasonwas the landlord asking people to leave (10.3 per cent),and equal third, a wish to be closer to family and friendsor moving for reasons related to allocated housing(7.7 per cent each)—see Figure 14.House amenitiesThe primary carers were asked whether the houses theylived in had a range of facilities, either individual or shared.Almost all homes had working cooking facilities, a fridge,a flushing toilet, a bath or shower, a washing machine, akitchen sink, a laundry tub, and an air conditioner or fan(Table 22). For the most part there did not seem to bedifferences in the availability of these facilities dependingon the LORI. The most noticeable exception was theavailability of a working heater, which was much lower inthe more isolated areas; however, this is most likely dueto the climate differences between the least isolated (forexample, Adelaide) and most isolated (for example, theTorres Strait) sites. Also notable was the lower likelihood ofhomes having working cooking facilities in areas of high orextreme isolation.The 2008 National Aboriginal and Torres Strait IslanderSocial Survey (NATSISS) (ABS 2009) found 13 per centof Indigenous people aged 15 years and over lived inhouseholds where one or more facilities were not availableor did not work. Discounting the results for ’working heater’and ‘working air conditioner or fan’ to allow a comparisonwith the questions asked in NATSISS, 11.1 per cent of theFootprints in Time sample lived in a household where oneor more of the facilities were not available or did not work.Table 23 shows proportions of primary carers whoindicated that they shared various facilities with others,separated by LORI. As might be expected, families in theareas of no isolation were much less likely to share facilitiesthan families living in more isolated areas. This relationshipwas particularly pronounced in the case of access to awashing machine. However, somewhat surprisingly, familiesin areas of moderate isolation were more likely to sharefacilities than families in areas of high or extreme isolation(with the exception of sharing a washing machine).34 Footprints in Time: The Longitudinal Study of Indigenous Children | Key Summary Report from Wave 3
Table 22: Access to facilities, by LORI, per centFacilityNone(urban) Low ModerateHigh orextremeAlllocationsHome has a working stove, oven orcooking facilities95.5 95.5 91.4 86.6 94.1Home has a working fridge 97.6 98.4 95.1 96.5 97.6Home has a working flushing toilet 97.3 98.4 96.8 95.1 97.6Home has a working bath or shower 96.0 98.3 98.4 99.3 97.8Home has a working washing machine 96.0 96.6 94.1 95.0 95.9Home has a working kitchen sink 97.1 97.7 97.8 97.9 97.6Home has a working laundry tub 96.5 97.7 97.8 98.6 97.5Home has a working heater 94.1 76.0 36.3 20.7 70.2Home has a working air conditioner or fan 93.4 90.1 95.7 94.4 92.1All listed facilities available 91.2 90.8 83.8 80.1 88.9Note:The last row in the table reports percentages of households that had all of the facilities (with the exception of working heaterand air conditioner or fan) available and working.Table 23: Access to shared facilities, by LORI, per centLORIShared facilitiesNone(urban) Low ModerateHigh orextremeAll locationsStove, oven or cooking facilities 1.3 9.9 16.7 15.5 9.1Fridge 1.3 9.9 14.5 12.7 8.5Flushing toilet 1.1 9.9 13.4 12.0 8.2Bath or shower 1.1 9.8 14.0 13.4 8.4Washing machine 1.3 10.8 17.7 21.1 10.2Kitchen sink 1.3 9.8 14.5 11.3 8.3Laundry tub 1.3 10.3 14.0 12.7 8.6Heater 1.3 7.4 8.2 5.0 5.6Air conditioner or fan 1.3 8.6 14.0 10.6 7.6Sharing one or more facilities 1.3 10.2 17.9 22.7 10.1Note:Due to data limitations, it was not possible to determine whether the facilities were shared with other families in the samehousehold, other households in the same dwelling, or those in other dwellings.Footprints in Time: The Longitudinal Study of Indigenous Children | Key Summary Report from Wave 335
Page 2 and 3: The Footprints in Time team acknowl
Page 5 and 6: ContentsForeword 6Introduction 7Imp
Page 7 and 8: Culture and community 53Neighbourho
Page 9 and 10: IntroductionFootprints in Time is t
Page 11 and 12: AANNUAL UPDATEIt’s a child’s li
Page 13 and 14: Table 2: Type of school attended by
Page 15 and 16: Figure 4: Average “Who Am I?” s
Page 17: Table 5: Persistence of concerns ab
Page 22: Dental healthAs they are growing up
Page 26 and 27: Table10: Percentage of children doi
Page 28 and 29: Table 12: Percentage of children do
Page 30 and 31: Table 14: Changes in family type of
Page 32 and 33: Parents living elsewhereGeneral que
Page 34 and 35: Primary carers of children who did
Page 38 and 39: HomelessnessOn any given day, nearl
Page 40 and 41: For 77.0 per cent of respondents th
Page 42 and 43: Jobless and two-earner familiesIf w
Page 44 and 45: Income and financeThe Footprints in
Page 46 and 47: Income managementIn all three waves
Page 48 and 49: Table 33: Family money situation in
Page 50 and 51: Primary carer health and wellbeingE
Page 52 and 53: Parental warmth and disciplineIn wa
Page 54 and 55: Questions about a list of major lif
Page 56 and 57: Table 40 shows the relative distrib
Page 58 and 59: in areas of low or moderate isolati
Page 60 and 61: It is also important to consider th
Page 62 and 63: The degree of trust respondents had
Page 64 and 65: Parent and child directed activitie
Page 66 and 67: Table 52: Level of television viewi
Page 68 and 69: With the exception of storytelling,
Page 70 and 71: Children in areas of high or extrem
Page 72 and 73: Nevertheless, cards was the form of
Page 74 and 75: Social and emotional development:In
Page 76 and 77: The prosocial scores were significa
Page 78 and 79: In wave 3, teacher-based SDQ scores
Page 80 and 81: English language acquisition: relat
Page 82 and 83: Using the MacArthur Bates vocabular
Page 84 and 85: Mothers’ educational aspirations
Page 86 and 87:
curriculum, stable schooling (only
Page 89 and 90:
Appendix ABackground to the studyCo
Page 91 and 92:
Other participant interviewsIn addi
Page 93 and 94:
Table 71: Percentage of wave 1 resp
Page 95 and 96:
Access to the dataThe dataset used
Page 97 and 98:
ReferencesAustralian Bureau of Stat
Page 100:
FAHCSIA11828
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