CLINICAL HANDBOOK OF SCHIZOPHRENIA

More documents

Recommendations

Info

458 VI. SPECIAL POPULATIONS AND PROBLEMSNajavits, L. M. (2002). Seeking safety: A treatment manual for PTSD and substance abuse. NewYork: Guilford Press.Pratt, S. I., Rosenberg, S. D., Mueser, K. T., Brancato, J., Salyers, M. P., Jankowski, M. K., et al.(2005). Evaluation of a PTSD psychoeducational program for psychiatric inpatients. Journal ofMental Health, 14, 121–127.Rosenberg, S. D., Lu, W., Mueser, K. T., Jankowski, M. K., & Cournos, F. (2007). Correlates of adversechildhood events in adults with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Psychiatric Services, 58,245–253.Rosenberg, S. D., Mueser, K. T., Friedman, M. J., Gorman, P. G., Drake, R. E., Vidaver, R. M., et al.(2001). Developing effective treatments for post-traumatic disorders: A review and proposal.Psychiatric Services, 52, 1453–1461.Rosenberg, S. D., Mueser, K. T., Jankowski, M. K., Salyers, M. P., & Acker, K. (2004). Cognitive-behavioraltreatment of posttraumatic stress disorder in severe mental illness: Results of a pilotstudy. American Journal of Psychiatric Rehabilitation, 7, 171–186.Salyers, M. P., Evans, L. J., Bond, G. R., & Meyer, P. S. (2004). Barriers to assessment and treatment ofposttraumatic stress disorder and other trauma-related problems in people with severe mentalillness: Clinician perspectives. Community Mental Health Journal, 40, 17–31.
CHAPTER 44MANAGEMENT <strong>OF</strong>CO-OCCURRING SUBSTANCEUSE DISORDERSDAVID J. KAVANAGHNATURE <strong>OF</strong> THE ISSUES IN COMORBID POPULATIONSIn recent years there has been increasing interest in effective ways to manage people withboth psychoses and co-occurring substance use disorders (SUDs). Despite the importanceof these problems, treatment research in this area remains at a relatively early stage, withfew well-controlled trials and outcomes that are often quite weak. However, we nowhave a substantial body of research on the nature, incidence, and correlates of SUDs inpsychoses, and on the nature and perceived limitations of existing services. This researchhas clear implications for interventions.SUDs Are Very Frequent in People with PsychosesAbout half of people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders have an SUD at some time intheir lives. In treatment settings, rates can be even higher—especially in acute or crisis services,or in services for people with high needs for ongoing support, because the combinationof problems increases problem severity and risk of relapse.There are important implications for clinical practice that arise from this observation.First, because comorbidity is so common, screening for substance use should be universaland routine in initial assessments and status reviews of people with psychosis. Second,routinely offering more intensive or prolonged treatment than that available atpresent to everyone with schizophrenia and an SUD would have substantial resourceimplications. Unless budgets and staffing receive a substantial boost, or other consumersreceive less intervention, there will be severe limitations on the extent to which such additionaltreatment can be contemplated. Exporting the problem to another service (e.g., analcohol and other drug service) just shifts rather than solves the resource problem.459
Page 1:
CLINICAL HANDBOOK OF SCHIZOPHRENIA
Page 4 and 5:
© 2008 The Guilford PressA Divisio
Page 7 and 8:
CONTRIBUTORSDonald Addington, MD, D
Page 9 and 10:
ContributorsixGillian Haddock, PhD,
Page 11 and 12:
ContributorsxiRoger H. Peters, PhD,
Page 13 and 14:
PREFACESchizophrenia is arguably th
Page 15 and 16:
Prefacexvcorporation of environment
Page 17 and 18:
CONTENTSI. CORE SCIENCE AND BACKGRO
Page 19 and 20:
ContentsxixCHAPTER 27 Illness Self-
Page 21:
ContentsxxiCHAPTER 59 Sexuality 604
Page 25 and 26:
CHAPTER 1HISTORY OF SCHIZOPHRENIAAS
Page 27 and 28:
1. History of Schizophrenia 5ularly
Page 29 and 30:
1. History of Schizophrenia 7PSYCHO
Page 31 and 32:
1. History of Schizophrenia 9The ne
Page 33 and 34:
1. History of Schizophrenia 11Since
Page 35 and 36:
1. History of Schizophrenia 13Belli
Page 37 and 38:
2. Epidemiology 15al., 2006), which
Page 39 and 40:
2. Epidemiology 17not generally fou
Page 41 and 42:
2. Epidemiology 19• Intrauterine
Page 43 and 44:
2. Epidemiology 21function in socia
Page 45 and 46:
2. Epidemiology 23KEY POINTS• Sch
Page 47 and 48:
CHAPTER 3BIOLOGICAL THEORIESJONATHA
Page 49 and 50:
3. Biological Theories 27cortex (in
Page 51 and 52:
3. Biological Theories 29unchanged
Page 53 and 54:
3. Biological Theories 31raclopride
Page 55 and 56:
3. Biological Theories 33drives, mo
Page 57 and 58:
CHAPTER 4BRAIN IMAGINGLISA T. EYLER
Page 59 and 60:
4. Brain Imaging 37yet to be strong
Page 61 and 62:
4. Brain Imaging 39with neuroleptic
Page 63 and 64:
4. Brain Imaging 41events. However,
Page 65 and 66:
4. Brain Imaging 43KEY POINTS• On
Page 67 and 68:
5. Neuropathology 45TABLE 5.1. Summ
Page 69 and 70:
5. Neuropathology 47schizophrenia i
Page 71 and 72:
5. Neuropathology 49has been report
Page 73 and 74:
5. Neuropathology 51also been demon
Page 75 and 76:
5. Neuropathology 53results, especi
Page 77 and 78:
CHAPTER 6GENETICSSTEPHEN J. GLATTTh
Page 79 and 80:
6. Genetics 57Question 2: What Are
Page 81 and 82:
6. Genetics 59nia. Each individual
Page 83 and 84:
6. Genetics 61degree relatives desp
Page 85 and 86:
6. Genetics 632A receptor (HTR2A) a
Page 87 and 88:
CHAPTER 7ENVIRONMENTAL PRE-AND PERI
Page 89 and 90:
7. Environmental Pre- and Perinatal
Page 91 and 92:
Page 93 and 94:
Page 95 and 96:
Page 97 and 98:
8. Psychosocial Factors 75Steinberg
Page 99 and 100:
8. Psychosocial Factors 77in terms
Page 101 and 102:
8. Psychosocial Factors 79This mode
Page 103 and 104:
8. Psychosocial Factors 81KEY POINT
Page 105 and 106:
9. Psychopathology 83ations; change
Page 107 and 108:
9. Psychopathology 85sity School of
Page 109 and 110:
9. Psychopathology 87or “loose as
Page 111 and 112:
9. Psychopathology 89lished WHO. Th
Page 113 and 114:
CHAPTER 10COGNITIVE FUNCTIONINGIN S
Page 115 and 116:
10. Cognitive Functioning in Schizo
Page 117 and 118:
Page 119 and 120:
Page 121 and 122:
Page 123 and 124:
11. Course and Outcome 101DIAGNOSIS
Page 125 and 126:
11. Course and Outcome 103TABLE 11.
Page 127 and 128:
11. Course and Outcome 105DOMAINS O
Page 129 and 130:
11. Course and Outcome 107mation gi
Page 131 and 132:
11. Course and Outcome 109quency of
Page 133 and 134:
11. Course and Outcome 111to a smal
Page 135:
11. Course and Outcome 113spectivel
Page 139 and 140:
CHAPTER 12DIAGNOSTIC INTERVIEWINGAB
Page 141 and 142:
12. Diagnostic Interviewing 119psyc
Page 143 and 144:
12. Diagnostic Interviewing 121not
Page 145 and 146:
12. Diagnostic Interviewing 123tual
Page 147 and 148:
CHAPTER 13ASSESSMENT OFCO-OCCURRING
Page 149 and 150:
Time-Line Follow-BackThe Time-Line
Page 151 and 152:
Testing and Risk Assessment for Inf
Page 153 and 154:
13. Co-Occurring Disorders 131test
Page 155 and 156:
13. Co-Occurring Disorders 133can i
Page 157 and 158:
CHAPTER 14ASSESSMENT OFPSYCHOSOCIAL
Page 159 and 160:
14. Assessment of Psychosocial Func
Page 161 and 162:
TABLE 14.1. Measures of Psychosocia
Page 163 and 164:
Page 165 and 166:
Page 167 and 168:
CHAPTER 15TREATMENT PLANNINGALEXAND
Page 169 and 170:
15. Treatment Planning 147WHAT DOES
Page 171 and 172:
15. Treatment Planning 149TABLE 15.
Page 173 and 174:
15. Treatment Planning 151Poor adhe
Page 175 and 176:
Occupational/School Functioning15.
Page 177:
15. Treatment Planning 155Drake, R.
Page 181 and 182:
CHAPTER 16ANTIPSYCHOTICSERIC C. KUT
Page 183 and 184:
16. Antipsychotics 161for at least
Page 185 and 186:
TABLE 16.3. Dosing of the First-Gen
Page 187 and 188:
16. Antipsychotics 165are not avail
Page 189 and 190:
16. Antipsychotics 167• Therapeut
Page 191 and 192:
17. Side Effects of Antipsychotics
Page 193 and 194:
Page 195 and 196:
Page 197 and 198:
Page 199 and 200:
Page 201 and 202:
18. Clozapine 179Plasma concentrati
Page 203 and 204:
TABLE 18.1. Clinical tips for cloza
Page 205 and 206:
18. Clozapine 183linergic effects t
Page 207 and 208:
18. Clozapine 185• Common side ef
Page 209 and 210:
19. Other Medications 187agitation
Page 211 and 212:
19. Other Medications 189Small, ope
Page 213 and 214:
19. Other Medications 191ANTIDEPRES
Page 215 and 216:
19. Other Medications 193sation in
Page 217 and 218:
19. Other Medications 195Citrome, L
Page 219 and 220:
20. Electroconvulsive Therapy 197TA
Page 221 and 222:
20. Electroconvulsive Therapy 199FI
Page 223 and 224:
Missed SeizuresIf no seizure occurs
Page 225 and 226:
20. Electroconvulsive Therapy 203(C
Page 227:
PART IVPSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENT
Page 230 and 231:
208 IV. PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENTdisin
Page 232 and 233:
210 IV. PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENTFIGUR
Page 234 and 235:
212 IV. PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENTschiz
Page 236 and 237:
CHAPTER 22FAMILY INTERVENTIONCHRIST
Page 238 and 239:
216 IV. PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENTTABLE
Page 240 and 241:
218 IV. PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENTcommi
Page 242 and 243:
220 IV. PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENTother
Page 244 and 245:
222 IV. PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENTtient
Page 246 and 247:
224 IV. PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENTButzl
Page 248 and 249:
CHAPTER 23COGNITIVE-BEHAVIORAL THER
Page 250 and 251:
228 IV. PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENTThe a
Page 252 and 253:
230 IV. PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENTAndre
Page 254 and 255:
Page 256 and 257:
234 IV. PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENTtion.
Page 258 and 259:
236 IV. PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENTnever
Page 260 and 261:
238 IV. PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENTwith
Page 262 and 263:
CHAPTER 24SOCIAL SKILLS TRAININGWEN
Page 264 and 265:
242 IV. PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENTeach
Page 266 and 267:
244 IV. PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENTThe m
Page 268 and 269:
246 IV. PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENTCogni
Page 270 and 271:
248 IV. PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENT• S
Page 272 and 273:
250 IV. PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENTThe d
Page 274 and 275:
252 IV. PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENTNone
Page 276 and 277:
254 IV. PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENT• I
Page 278 and 279:
256 IV. PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENTnance
Page 280 and 281:
Page 282 and 283:
260 IV. PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENTMcGur
Page 284 and 285:
262 IV. PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENTalong
Page 286 and 287:
264 IV. PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENTappro
Page 288 and 289:
266 IV. PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENTKEY P
Page 290 and 291:
CHAPTER 27ILLNESS SELF-MANAGEMENT T
Page 292 and 293:
270 IV. PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENTensur
Page 294 and 295:
272 IV. PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENTReduc
Page 296 and 297:
274 IV. PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENTgage
Page 298 and 299:
276 IV. PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENTTABLE
Page 300 and 301:
278 IV. PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENTInnov
Page 302 and 303:
280 IV. PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENTpredi
Page 304 and 305:
282 IV. PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENTCogni
Page 306 and 307:
284 IV. PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENTGoal
Page 308 and 309:
286 IV. PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENTthey
Page 310 and 311:
288 IV. PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENTas nu
Page 312 and 313:
290 IV. PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENTway h
Page 314 and 315:
292 IV. PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENTThe r
Page 316 and 317:
294 IV. PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENT• T
Page 318 and 319:
296 IV. PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENTsetti
Page 320 and 321:
CHAPTER 30SELF-HELP ACTIVITIESFREDE
Page 322 and 323:
300 IV. PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENThelp,
Page 324 and 325:
302 IV. PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENTbeen
Page 326 and 327:
304 IV. PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENTdiagn
Page 329:
PART VSYSTEMS OF CARE
Page 332 and 333:
310 V. SYSTEMS OF CAREcial to addre
Page 334 and 335:
312 V. SYSTEMS OF CAREneeded servic
Page 336 and 337:
314 V. SYSTEMS OF CAREformed by cas
Page 338 and 339:
316 V. SYSTEMS OF CARE4. Conducting
Page 340 and 341:
318 V. SYSTEMS OF CAREvere mental i
Page 342 and 343:
320 V. SYSTEMS OF CAREents receivin
Page 344 and 345:
322 V. SYSTEMS OF CAREculties in ge
Page 346 and 347:
324 V. SYSTEMS OF CAREIn such a sit
Page 348 and 349:
326 V. SYSTEMS OF CAREFIGURE 32.1.
Page 350 and 351:
328 V. SYSTEMS OF CAREREFERENCES AN
Page 352 and 353:
330 V. SYSTEMS OF CAREDESCRIPTION O
Page 354 and 355:
332 V. SYSTEMS OF CAREfor ACT have
Page 356 and 357:
334 V. SYSTEMS OF CAREvices compare
Page 358 and 359:
336 V. SYSTEMS OF CAREA team leader
Page 360 and 361:
338 V. SYSTEMS OF CAREof leverage t
Page 362 and 363:
340 V. SYSTEMS OF CAREcare of thems
Page 364 and 365:
342 V. SYSTEMS OF CAREframework for
Page 366 and 367:
344 V. SYSTEMS OF CAREaccount the v
Page 368 and 369:
346 V. SYSTEMS OF CAREthat deinstit
Page 370 and 371:
348 V. SYSTEMS OF CARETypes of Resi
Page 372 and 373:
350 V. SYSTEMS OF CARESupportive Ho
Page 374 and 375:
352 V. SYSTEMS OF CAREate assistanc
Page 376 and 377:
CHAPTER 35TREATMENT INJAILS AND PRI
Page 378 and 379:
356 V. SYSTEMS OF CARElikely to rem
Page 380 and 381:
358 V. SYSTEMS OF CAREtitled Effect
Page 382 and 383:
360 V. SYSTEMS OF CAREgering, becau
Page 384 and 385:
362 V. SYSTEMS OF CAREior problems.
Page 386 and 387:
364 V. SYSTEMS OF CAREAmerican Psyc
Page 389 and 390:
CHAPTER 36FIRST-EPISODE PSYCHOSISDO
Page 391 and 392:
36. First-Episode Psychosis 369TABL
Page 393 and 394:
36. First-Episode Psychosis 371have
Page 395 and 396:
36. First-Episode Psychosis 373The
Page 397 and 398:
36. First-Episode Psychosis 375divi
Page 399 and 400:
36. First-Episode Psychosis 377Supp
Page 401 and 402:
36. First-Episode Psychosis 379(200
Page 403 and 404:
37. Treatment of the Schizophrenia
Page 405 and 406:
Page 407 and 408:
Page 409 and 410:
Page 411 and 412:
Page 413 and 414:
38. Older Individuals 391TABLE 38.1
Page 415 and 416:
38. Older Individuals 393answer, an
Page 417 and 418:
38. Older Individuals 395rates (69%
Page 419 and 420:
38. Older Individuals 397Patterson,
Page 421 and 422:
39. Aggression, Violence, and Psych
Page 423 and 424:
Page 425 and 426:
Page 427 and 428:
Page 429 and 430: 39. Aggression, Violence, and Psych
Page 431 and 432: 39. Aggression, Violence, and Psych
Page 433 and 434: CHAPTER 40HOUSING INSTABILITYAND HO
Page 435 and 436: 40. Housing Instability and Homeles
Page 447 and 448: 41. Medical Comorbidity 425Medical
Page 449 and 450: 41. Medical Comorbidity 427search s
Page 451 and 452: 41. Medical Comorbidity 429TABLE 41
Page 453 and 454: 41. Medical Comorbidity 431Caring f
Page 455 and 456: 41. Medical Comorbidity 433Counseli
Page 457 and 458: 41. Medical Comorbidity 435REFERENC
Page 459 and 460: CHAPTER 42INTELLECTUAL DISABILITYAN
Page 461 and 462: 42. Intellectual Disability and Oth
Page 469 and 470: CHAPTER 43TRAUMA AND POSTTRAUMATICS
Page 471 and 472: 43. Trauma and Posttraumatic Stress
Page 479: 43. Trauma and Posttraumatic Stress
Page 483 and 484: 44. Management of Co-Occurring Subs
Page 493 and 494: CHAPTER 45PARENTINGJOANNE NICHOLSON
Page 495 and 496: 45. Parenting 473THE IMPACT OF PARE
Page 497 and 498: TABLE 45.1. Antipsychotic Medicatio
Page 499 and 500: Guidelines for Prescribing Antipsyc
Page 501 and 502: 45. Parenting 479provide safe space
Page 503 and 504: CHAPTER 46CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTSJ
Page 505 and 506: 46. Children and Adolescents 483pri
Page 507 and 508: 46. Children and Adolescents 485TRE
Page 509 and 510: 46. Children and Adolescents 487Als
Page 511 and 512: 46. Children and Adolescents 489KEY
Page 513 and 514: CHAPTER 47SUICIDEMARNIN J. HEISELSu
Page 515 and 516: TABLE 47.1. Selected Risk Factors f
Page 517 and 518: Clinical Course and Symptoms of Sch
Page 519 and 520: 47. Suicide 497those with schizoaff
Page 521 and 522: 47. Suicide 499assessment tools can
Page 523 and 524: 47. Suicide 501yet focused on suici
Page 525 and 526: 47. Suicide 503ACKNOWLEDGMENTSI gra
Page 527: PART VIIPOLICY, LEGAL,AND SOCIAL IS
Page 530 and 531:
508 VII. POLICY, LEGAL, AND SOCIAL
Page 532 and 533:
Page 534 and 535:
Page 536 and 537:
Page 538 and 539:
CHAPTER 49INVOLUNTARY COMMITMENTJON
Page 540 and 541:
Page 542 and 543:
Page 544 and 545:
Page 546 and 547:
CHAPTER 50JAIL DIVERSIONJOSEPH P. M
Page 548 and 549:
Page 550 and 551:
Page 552 and 553:
Page 554 and 555:
Page 556 and 557:
Page 558 and 559:
Page 560 and 561:
Page 562 and 563:
Page 564 and 565:
Page 566 and 567:
Page 568 and 569:
Page 570 and 571:
Page 572 and 573:
Page 574 and 575:
Page 576 and 577:
Page 579:
PART VIIISPECIAL TOPICS
Page 582 and 583:
560 VIII. SPECIAL TOPICStion, restr
Page 584 and 585:
562 VIII. SPECIAL TOPICSsion criter
Page 586 and 587:
564 VIII. SPECIAL TOPICSbased on ev
Page 588 and 589:
CHAPTER 55RECOVERYDAVID ROELARRY DA
Page 590 and 591:
568 VIII. SPECIAL TOPICSatric disab
Page 592 and 593:
570 VIII. SPECIAL TOPICSA RECOVERY
Page 594 and 595:
572 VIII. SPECIAL TOPICSassumes fro
Page 596 and 597:
574 VIII. SPECIAL TOPICSDeegan, P.
Page 598 and 599:
576 VIII. SPECIAL TOPICSwhereas ado
Page 600 and 601:
578 VIII. SPECIAL TOPICSalence of d
Page 602 and 603:
580 VIII. SPECIAL TOPICS• Because
Page 604 and 605:
582 VIII. SPECIAL TOPICScovering pa
Page 606 and 607:
584 VIII. SPECIAL TOPICSGoldberg, 1
Page 608 and 609:
586 VIII. SPECIAL TOPICSthe quality
Page 610 and 611:
588 VIII. SPECIAL TOPICSof-life mea
Page 612 and 613:
590 VIII. SPECIAL TOPICSBecker, M.,
Page 614 and 615:
CHAPTER 58SPIRITUALITY AND RELIGION
Page 616 and 617:
594 VIII. SPECIAL TOPICSbe related
Page 618 and 619:
596 VIII. SPECIAL TOPICSmore or les
Page 620 and 621:
598 VIII. SPECIAL TOPICSing with bo
Page 622 and 623:
600 VIII. SPECIAL TOPICSExpressive
Page 624 and 625:
602 VIII. SPECIAL TOPICSconsumer ab
Page 626 and 627:
CHAPTER 59SEXUALITYALEX KOPELOWICZR
Page 628 and 629:
606 VIII. SPECIAL TOPICSmay result
Page 630 and 631:
608 VIII. SPECIAL TOPICSTABLE 59.1.
Page 632 and 633:
610 VIII. SPECIAL TOPICSThis second
Page 634 and 635:
612 VIII. SPECIAL TOPICSFIGURE 59.1
Page 636 and 637:
614 VIII. SPECIAL TOPICSTo overcome
Page 638 and 639:
CHAPTER 60SCHIZOPHRENIA INAFRICAN A
Page 640 and 641:
618 VIII. SPECIAL TOPICSTABLE 60.1.
Page 642 and 643:
620 VIII. SPECIAL TOPICSPHARMACOTHE
Page 644 and 645:
622 VIII. SPECIAL TOPICSered a part
Page 646 and 647:
CHAPTER 61ETHICSABRAHAM RUDNICKCHAR
Page 648 and 649:
626 VIII. SPECIAL TOPICSinterests c
Page 650 and 651:
628 VIII. SPECIAL TOPICSticipant re
Page 652 and 653:
630 VIII. SPECIAL TOPICSvide an eth
Page 654 and 655:
632 IndexAmerican CorrectionalAssoc
Page 656 and 657:
634 IndexChildren/adolescents, 481-
Page 658 and 659:
636 IndexDepressive symptoms, 106,
Page 660 and 661:
638 IndexFirst-episode psychosis, 1
Page 662 and 663:
640 IndexInformation technology, he
Page 664 and 665:
642 IndexMotor symptoms, DSM-IV-TR,
Page 666 and 667:
644 IndexPregnancydosing strategies
Page 668 and 669:
646 IndexRisk factorsfor co-occurri
Page 670 and 671:
648 IndexSTG. See Superior temporal
Page 672:
650 IndexUrine testingfor nicotine
show all

CLINICAL HANDBOOK OF SCHIZOPHRENIA

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?