CLINICAL HANDBOOK OF SCHIZOPHRENIA

634 IndexChildren/adolescents, 481–490antipsychotic plasma levels in,488and early-onset psychoticdisorders, 481–484of parents with schizophrenia,473–474pharmacological treatment of,485–488with psychotic disorder nototherwise specified, 483See also Childhood-onsetschizophrenia; Early-onsetschizophreniaChina, barefoot doctor system of,552Chlorpromazine (Thorazine), 29–30, 392dosing of, 163tintroduction of, 168and introduction ofpsychopharmacology, 6orthostatic hypotension and,175–176during pregnancy, 474Choices: An AIDS PreventionCurriculum, 607Chromosome 2q, 11Chromosome 7q, 11Chromosome 22q, 11Chromosomes, linkage analysisof, 58–59Chronic obstructive pulmonarydisease, 424comorbid, 431–432Cigarette smoking. See NicotineCitalopram, 191–192Civil rights, recovery movementand, 569, 570Client, as director of helpingprocess, 321Client Assessment of Strengths,Interests, and Goals, 139t,141Client-centered care, ethics of,625–626Clinical Antipsychotic Trials ofIntervention Effectiveness,168–169, 186, 560, 621Clinical case management, 309–318assessment in, 312–314core functions, 310–314, 311tevidence supporting, 314–315key points, 317therapeutic work and, 316treatment guidelines, 315–317See also Case management;Strengths-based casemanagementClinical diagnosis, history of, 3–5Clinical equipoise, standard of,628Clinician Rating Scale, 126Clonazepam, for catatonia, 190Clozapine, 7, 30, 96, 171, 178–185agranulocytosis and, 176“antisuicidal” effects of, 499–500availability for AfricanAmericans, 621for COS/EOS, 487cost-effectiveness of, 178, 511dosingsmoking and, 166and titration, 180–181, 181tand dual diagnosis ofschizophrenia and ID, 443indications, 179–180key points, 184–185maintenance therapy, 183–184management of early sideeffects, 181–183medical assessment and, 180,181tmetabolism of, 166tpatient/family education and,180, 181tpharmacokinetics andpharmacodynamics, 178–179during pregnancy, 476advantages/disadvantages/metabolic change, 475tas prototypical atypicalantipsychotic, 178side effectsin adolescents, 488potential of, 169ttreatment studies, 179treatment with, 163–164, 165tfor treatment-resistantindividuals, 560weight gain and, 172Codes of ethics, 341–342. Seealso EthicsCognition, evolving view of, 91–92Cognitive adaptation training,207–208, 209t, 210, 210fclassification for problems withdressing, 209tCognitive deficitsco-medications for, 193functional impact, 96mixed, 441psychosocial treatment and,279–280treatment, 96–97, 149tCognitive disintegration, 441Cognitive enhancement therapy,in cognitive rehabilitation,254–255Cognitive functioning, 91–99assessment of, 208, 370tclinical implications, 97–98clozapine and, 184interventions for, 151–152long-term course of, 95–96nature of deficits, 92–96perionset, 95preonset, 94–95Cognitive impairmentrole in schizophrenia, 249–250versus schizophrenia, 123social skills training and, 246Cognitive neuroscience, 10–11Cognitive reframing, fordiminishing self-stigma, 538Cognitive rehabilitation, 249–260clinical interventions, 252–253,253fclinical model of, 257–258,258fdeveloping, 250evidence of success, 252–253in group therapy, 282guidelines, 258–259key points, 259single-test interventions, 252target for, 250–252types, 253–256Cognitive remediation, 151–152Cognitive restructuring, in angermanagement, 407Cognitive Training, 97Cognitive-behavioral therapy, 6,79–80, 226–239adjustment and recovery and,237–238aggressive/violent behavior and,404–405assessment in, 228–231case conceptualization in, 231cost-effectiveness of, 513evidence for effectiveness of,238for first-episode psychosis, 375in group therapy, 282–283interventions, 231–237behavioral reattribution, 236–237verbal reattribution, 231–236key points, 238for older adults, 393–394problem and goal list in, 230–231problem history anddevelopment and, 229–230