CLINICAL HANDBOOK OF SCHIZOPHRENIA

648 IndexSTG. See Superior temporal gyrusStigma, 533–540change strategies and, 536–538in development countries, 552education and, 537factors leading to, 533–536key points, 540public, 534, 534fchanging, 536–538self, 535, 538–539diminishing, 538–539structural, 535–536Strengths assessment, 322versus psychosocial assessment,323–327Strengths-based casemanagement, 319–328assessment in, versuspsychosocial assessment,323–327community focus of, 321–322key points, 327practice guidelines, 322–323purpose and theory of, 320–321research on, 319–320underlying principles, 321–322Stress, assessment for, 313Stress managementPACE approach to, 384–385teaching, 273Stressful events, 75–76mechanisms of, 77–79Stressorsmaternal, in utero exposure to,20, 26suicide risk and, 494tStress–vulnerability model, 214–215, 268PACE and, 384Subjective experiences, 593Subjective Well-Being UnderNeuroleptics Scale, 585Substance Abuse and MentalHealth ServicesAdministration, 302, 304study, 529–530Substance use/misuse, 21, 23among homeless people withschizophrenia, 413assessing, with aggressive/violent client, 402assessment, 126–127assessment for, 370tco-occurring. See Co-occurringsubstance use disordersimpacts of, 268interventions for, 153–154PACE approach to, 386reducing, 272versus schizophrenia, 123, 344suicide risk and, 494t, 495–496treatment, 272treatment of, 149tSuffering, monetary value of, 510Suicidal ideation, 493t, 495symptoms of, 501Suicide, 491–504clinical course and symptoms,495depression and substancemisuse and, 495–496disorders associated with, 491epidemiology, 491–492ideation and behavior, 494key points, 502prevalence, 491psychosocial factors, 496rates in schizophrenia, 492risk and resiliency factors inschizophrenia, 492, 493t–494t, 494, 496risk factors in schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder,496–497warning signs of, 497Suicide preventionfor first-episode psychosis, 377resources and references, 504strategies for, 491Suicide Prevention ScreeningForm, 359Suicide risk, 88, 111“antisuicidal” medications and,499–500assessment of, 497–499clinical care issues, 501–502and clinical course/symptoms,493t, 495demographic factors, 492,493t, 494early intervention programs,499high-risk periods of, 495, 501,502hospitalization and, 501–502for inmates with schizophrenia,359opportunity costs and, 509psychotherapy/psychosocialinterventions, 500–501safety plans and, 502symptoms, 493ttreatment delay and, 367–368Suicide watch, 359Superior temporal gyrus, researchon, 49–50Supplemental Security Income,288, 312Support groups, for co-occurringSUDs, 468Supported employmentcompetitive employment and,262, 265cost-effectiveness of, 512–513defined, 261employment rates for, 263–264,263fevidence-based, 543and first-episode psychosis, 377integration with treatment,264–265versus traditional vocationalservices, 262tSupported employment model,262–263Supported housing, 287–297,350as basis for treatment andrecovery, 289best practices in, 293–295,418, 419tin fulfillment of basic humanneed, 289helping relationship and, 293and importance of consumerchoice, 292–293key points, 296need for, 287–289population served by, 294–295as response homelessness, 288–289as response to unnecessaryinstitutionalization, 287–288social policy and, 295–296studies of, 291–293underlying principles, 290–291unmet housing needs and, 289–290Surgeon General’s Report onMental Health, 570Symptom level, quality of lifeand, 587Symptom reduction. See alsoNegative symptoms; Positivesymptomsantipsychotics and, 159–160,160t, 161twith strengths casemanagement, 320Symptomsgender and, 577–578mixed and fluctuating picturesof, 441persistent, coping strategies for,273–274, 274tSee also Negative symptoms;Positive symptoms