Otter (Lutrinae) Care Manual - Association of Zoos and Aquariums
Otter (Lutrinae) Care Manual - Association of Zoos and Aquariums
Otter (Lutrinae) Care Manual - Association of Zoos and Aquariums
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<strong>Association</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Zoos</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Aquariums</strong> 126<br />
<strong>Otter</strong> (<strong>Lutrinae</strong>) <strong>Care</strong> <strong>Manual</strong><br />
Appendix K: Enrichment Items Commonly Provided to <strong>Otter</strong>s<br />
The table below lists items used at various North American facilities for behavioral <strong>and</strong> environmental enrichment <strong>of</strong> otters.<br />
Natural Exhibit Furniture<br />
Non-edible<br />
manmade<br />
Live Food Edibles<br />
- Soil, s<strong>and</strong>, mulch - Climbing areas - Boomer balls <strong>and</strong> - Fish (smelt, - Ice blocks w/fish,<br />
- Grass, wheat (available in all other products like shiners, goldfish, fish-sicles, fish<br />
grass, sedges, etc. exhibits, i.e., cliffs, the "spoolie", trout, mackerel, cubes, etc.<br />
- Trees<br />
ledges)<br />
“bobbin” & "ice tilapia salmon)* - krill cubes, clam<br />
- Vines "vine hoops" - Logs (on l<strong>and</strong>, cube".<br />
- Crayfish<br />
cubes, etc.<br />
- Aquatic plants submerged, - Ice blocks, cubes, - Crickets<br />
- Frozen or thawed<br />
- Hay, straw, grass, floating; hollow pops.<br />
- Giant mealworms s<strong>and</strong> eels<br />
leaves, wood <strong>and</strong>/or solid) - Snow & ice - Earthworms - Fish pieces<br />
wools as bedding - Rocks (not - PVC cricket feeder - Freshwater clams - Chicken necks<br />
- Grass piles<br />
artificial)<br />
- Buckets<br />
- Mussels<br />
- Mice<br />
- Leaf piles<br />
- Stream<br />
- Blankets, burlap, - Krill<br />
- Whole-fish -frozen<br />
- Rocks, all sizes for - Sticks<br />
non-fraying rags, - Eels- naturally or thawed<br />
play <strong>and</strong><br />
- Browse (leafy towels<br />
found<br />
- Whole<br />
manipulation<br />
branches on l<strong>and</strong> - Barrels <strong>of</strong> water - Shrimp<br />
apples/oranges<br />
- Knot holes<br />
<strong>and</strong>/or floating) - Frisbees<br />
- Aquatic insects - - Fruit & berries incl.<br />
- Bark sheets - Slides<br />
- Tubs <strong>of</strong> water naturally found grapes,<br />
- Pine Cones - Tunnels<br />
- Carpet over board - Mice- naturally blueberries,<br />
- Mud<br />
- Stream bed - Rubber-coated found<br />
strawberries<br />
- Sod<br />
- Running water heating pad* - Frogs – naturally - Small pumpkins<br />
- Bank over-hangs - Holts<br />
- Astro turf<br />
found<br />
<strong>and</strong> squash<br />
- Floating wood - Jacuzzi-like jets in - Floating plastic - Grubs<br />
- Omnivore biscuits<br />
- Blocks<br />
pool<br />
toys<br />
- Chub<br />
- Monkey chow<br />
- Pine needles - Isl<strong>and</strong>s in pool - Phone books - Minnows<br />
- Pigs ears<br />
- Other animal - Bridges made from - Swim through - Bluegill<br />
- Frozen blood<br />
urines<br />
logs, etc.<br />
plastic ring - Clams<br />
blocks, cubes, etc.<br />
- Powdered scents - Stumps<br />
- Kids puzzle balls, - Mud minnows - Hard-boiled eggs<br />
<strong>and</strong> herbs<br />
- Natural fiber mat billiard balls, hard<br />
- Day-old chicks<br />
- Fresh herbs - Movable s<strong>and</strong> box balls<br />
- Crabs<br />
- Extracts, i.e., - Logs brought from - Pieces <strong>of</strong> PVC<br />
- Melons<br />
vanilla, etc.<br />
other exhibits pipe <strong>and</strong> fittings<br />
- Coconuts<br />
- Grapevine balls - Log ladder - Kong chews<br />
- Frozen feline balls<br />
- Shells<br />
- Non-sprayed - Metal bowls <strong>and</strong><br />
- Milk bones<br />
- Turkey feathers evergreen trees pans<br />
- Screw pine nuts,<br />
- Corn stalks - Moving soil pots - Plastic tubs <strong>and</strong><br />
unsalted peanuts<br />
- Blowing bubbles - Hanging logs with bottles<br />
- Krill patties<br />
into exhibit<br />
holes for food - Bread tray<br />
- Hamster ball w/<br />
- Kudzu vines - Snow piles - Plastic slide,<br />
treat<br />
- Cow hooves - Piles <strong>of</strong> ice cubes house<br />
- Gelatin Jigglers<br />
- Stock tank<br />
- Corn on the cob<br />
- Hanging tub*<br />
- Yogurt with fish<br />
- Warm water hose<br />
- Vari-kennel tubs<br />
with substrates<br />
- PVC tube hung for<br />
climbing in<br />
- Unsalted ham<br />
* These items should be monitored for safety.
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