Distillieries - Environmental Clearance

Conceptual Facets of EIATemporary or continuousOccurring during construction phase or operational phaseLocal, regional, national or globalAccidental or planned (recognized before hand)Direct (primary) or Indirect (secondary)Cumulative or singleThe category of impacts as stated above, and its significance will facilitate the expertappraisal committee (EAC)/State Level EAC (SEAC) to take a look at the ToR for EIAstudies, as well as, in decision making process about the developmental activity.Figure 2-2: Types of ImpactsThe nature of impacts could fall within three broad classifications i.e,.direct, indirect andcumulative, based on the characteristics of impacts. The assessment of direct, indirectand cumulative impacts should not be considered in isolation or considered as separatestages in the EIA. Ideally, the assessment of such impacts should form an integral part ofall stages of the EIA. The TGM does not recommend a single method to assess the typesof impacts, but suggests a practical framework/approach that can be adapted andcombined to suit a particular project and the nature of impacts.2.8.1 Direct impactsDirect impacts occur through direct interaction of an activity with an environmental,social, or economic component. For example, a discharge of distilleries or an effluentfrom the Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP) from the Distillery units into a river may lead toa decline in water quality in terms of high biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) ordissolved oxygen (DO).2.8.2 Indirect impactsIndirect impacts on the environment are those which are not a direct result of the project,often produced away from or as a result of a complex impact pathway. The indirectimpacts are also known as secondary or even tertiary level impacts. For example,ambient air SO 2 rise due to stack emissions may deposit on land as SO 4 and cause acidicTGM for Distillery Industry August 20102-14