ethanol fuel production and use in kenya for sustainable ... - lumes

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Ground water contamination........................................................................................ 184.1.2 Economic Factors.................................................................................................... 18Cost of Ethanol............................................................................................................... 18Engine Modification ....................................................................................................... 194.2 ETHANOL PRODUCTION STAGE.............................................................................. 194.2.1 Environmental Impacts ........................................................................................... 19Soils ................................................................................................................................. 19Emissions........................................................................................................................ 19Biodiversity ..................................................................................................................... 20CO 2 .................................................................................................................................. 20SECTION 2......................................................................................................................... 204.3 POTENTIAL CROPS THAT CAN BE USED TO PRODUCE ETHANOL .............. 204.4 SIZE AND LOCATION OF THE PLANT ..................................................................... 234.4.1 Location..................................................................................................................... 234.4.2 Size of plant.............................................................................................................. 244.5 WHAT ARE THE BARRIERS THAT COULD BE ENCOUNTERED IN THEINTRODUCTION OF ETHANOL IN KENYA..................................................................... 244.5.1 Policy ......................................................................................................................... 254.5.2 Financial.................................................................................................................... 255.0 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS ............................................................ 255.1 Conclusion ................................................................................................................... 255.2 Recommendations...................................................................................................... 26REFERENCES....................................................................................................................... 27Appendix 1.............................................................................................................................. 31Questionnaire to policy makers....................................................................................... 31vi
List of acronymsACE - Atmosphere Climate and EnvironmentBOSTID - Board on Science and Technology for International DevelopmentCBS - Central Bureau of StatisticsEIA - Energy Information AdministrationFAO - Food and Agriculture OrganisationIDRC - International Development Research CentreINFORSE - International Network For Sustainable EnergyOECD- Organization for Economic Cooperation and DevelopmentSEED - Sustainable Energy and Environment DivisionUNDESA - United Nations Department of Economic and Social AffairsUNDP- United Nations Development ProgrammeUNEP - United Nations Environment ProgrammeUNU - United Nations UniversityWCED - World Commission on Environment and DevelopmentWEC - World Energy Councilvii
Page 1 and 2: LUND UNIVERSITYInternational Master
Page 3 and 4: AcknowledgementsI would like to tha
Page 5: Table of ContentsAbstract .........
Page 9 and 10: The oil crisis and low sugar prices
Page 11 and 12: patterns that may be used to predic
Page 13 and 14: REINFORCING LOOP (R1)An increase in
Page 15 and 16: World Oil Prices and Inflation Tren
Page 17 and 18: the strengthened greenhouse effect
Page 19 and 20: Available arable land(carrying capa
Page 21 and 22: need for higher agricultural growth
Page 23 and 24: atmosphere” leads to a decrease i
Page 25 and 26: evaporative emissions reacts with h
Page 27 and 28: particulate emissions from cane fie
Page 29 and 30: the yields on table 1 probably beca
Page 31 and 32: pastoralists and thus do not cultiv
Page 33 and 34: contributes to global warming. Petr
Page 35 and 36: Gariazzo et al. (2005) Monitoring a
Page 37 and 38: Tsai, et al. (2005) A Hematology Su
Page 39 and 40: Fossil fuels1. Does the country imp

ethanol fuel production and use in kenya for sustainable ... - lumes

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