The European e-Business Report 2004 - Berlecon Research GmbH

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The European E-Business Report 2004Exhibit 2.3-8: Overview of e-business enablers and barriersin the electrical machinery and electronics industriesEnablers• Sector's propensity to IT issues• Pressure to decrease costs• Good access to technology• Diffusion of standards favours the developmentof e-business solutions for SMEs• Implementation costsBarriers• Return on investment issues• Backwardness of SMEs• Cultural barriersSource: e-Business W@tch (2004)Many companies still try to reduce production costs by adopting e-business applications to staycompetitive in the market. During these turbulent times, IT has proven itself to be an ally of theelectronics industry. IT has enabled electronic manufacturers to create greater efficiencies in theirorganisations as a result of streamlining and creating a more agile supply chain. Reduction ofmanufacturing costs has resulted in a tightening of operations, particularly of those activitiesassociated with the supply chain and manufacturing processes. Many electronics companies wouldagree that their business is now leaner and more efficient as a result of efforts during the past threeyears.If electronic standards are widespread across the industry, this could boost further use of electronicbusiness among SMEs. The new XML-based standards (such as RosettaNet) help to reduce costsand enable dispersed trading partners to conduct electronic commerce in a mutually understood way.Selected referencesB2B Integration over the Internet with XML – RosettaNet Successes and Challenges - Suresh Damodaran ChiefTechnologist, RosettaNet - http://www.rosettanet.org - May 17– 22, 2004, New York, USA. www.enterpriseireland.com/practicalebusiness/Case_studiesBacon, Allison, Larry Lapide and Janet Suleski - Supply Chain Collaboration Today: It’s a Tactic, Not a Strategy.AMR Research. September 2002.Christian Seider (IBM Business Consulting Services) - Reinventing the electronics industry through enterprisecollaboration - IBM Global Services / IBM Corporation 2003. www.ibm.comChristophe Begue (IBM Business Consulting Services) - All together now: Supply chain collaboration in theelectronics value chain - IBM Corporation 2002. www.ibm.comDirk Pilat. The impacts of ICT on Economic growth – An overview. OECD, 2003.Kapur, Vivek and Denis Mathias. “Collaboration: Using eHubs to Create Value in High-tech.” IBMBusinessConsulting Services, 2002.Professor Naren Agrawal, Study of collaboration in the networking, computer, consumer electronics andinstruments industries, Leavey School of Business, Santa Clara University, 2002.The Yearbook of World Electronics Data 2004. Volume 1 (West Europe). Reed Electronics Research, December2003.109
The European E-Business Report 20042.4 The transport equipment industries2.4.1 Economic profileAccording to the NACE Rev. 1 classification of business activities, the transport equipment manufacturingindustries include the following activities:Exhibit 2.4-1: Configuration of the transport equipment industries in terms of NACE Rev. 1NACE Rev. 1Division GroupActivity34 Manufacture of motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers34.1 Manufacture of motor vehicles34.2 Manufacture of bodies (coachwork) for motor vehicles; manufacture of trailers and semitrailers34.3 Manufacture of parts, accessories for motor vehicles35 Manufacture of other transport equipment35.1 Building and repairing of ships and boats35.2 Manufacture of railway, tramway locomotives, rolling stock35.3 Manufacture of aircraft and spacecraft35.4 Manufacture of motorcycles and bicycles35.5 Manufacture of other transport equipmentWhereas the activities in the sub-sectors of NACE sector 34 – which we call the “automotive” or “carindustry” – form a cluster of closely interrelated firms, the shipyards, the railway equipment industry,and the aircraft and spacecraft industries (NACE 35 “other transport equipment”) operate in marketswith rather different profiles. 63The transport equipment industries are precursors of economic development in Europe. As a majorpurchaser of basic metals, metal products, chemicals, rubber, plastic, electronics, electrical machinery,business and financial services, the sector plays a key role in the European economy in general.Products of the transport equipment sector also belong to the most important export goods sector ofthe European Union, contributing a large positive share towards the European trade balance.Industry structure and employmentTogether, the two sub-sectors (NACE 34+35) employ 2.82 million people; 2.64 million in the formerEU-15 and 0.18 million in the new Member States. The EU-15 recorded 33,533 enterprises in the twosectors for 2001. A particularity of the sector is the high degree of concentration, both in terms ofregional and size-class distribution of production value and employment.Germany and France contribute the largest share towards European manufacturing in the automotiveindustry (NACE 34), together accounting for 64% of production value in the former EU-15 in 2001. The“other transport equipment” industries (NACE 35) are also highly concentrated in certain regions inEurope. More than half of the European production value in these sectors is contributed by France(32%) and the UK (22%). Germany and Italy together contribute another 30%.The entire transport equipment manufacturing sector is dominated by a few large enterprises. In theautomotive industry (NACE 34) in the former EU-15, only 6% of all enterprises have more than 250employees, but this small fraction of large firms accounts for 88% of value added at factor cost and84% of total sector employment. On the other hand, 55% of enterprises have less than 10 employees,but they only account for 1% of value added and 2% of sector employment. This strong degree ofindustry concentration is also visible in the new Member States, which suggests that this industry63For details, see e-Business W@tch, July 2002.110
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