The European e-Business Report 2004 - Berlecon Research GmbH

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The European E-Business Report 2004Exhibit 3.5-1: Component indicators of the eEurope IndexComponent IndexSub-Index1. Internet Indicators Internet indicators capture the degree of access to the Internet by individuals. Itis comprised of 3 main categories:2. Modern online publicservices3. A dynamic e-businessenvironment4. A secure informationinfrastructure• citizen’s access to and use of the Internet• enterprises' access to and use of the Internet• Internet access costsThis index aims to benchmark the different European countries based on thedegree of availability of online public services, and the level of their usage byEuropeans. Three broad categories of public services have been identified:• e-Government• e-Learning• e-Health.This index aims to capture the level of e-commerce and e-business in differentEuropean countries. It consists of two main components:• buying and selling online• e-business readiness.This index aims to evaluate the level of security of Internet access and of onlinecommerce across different European countries. It is mainly based on Internetusers' experience regarding ICT security.5. Broadband Broadband aims to measure the level of availability and usage of broadbandservices across European nations.Based on this benchmarking framework, an eEurope 2005 Index has been computed in order toobtain an understanding of the degree of alignment of the 10 New Member States (NMS) with respectto the incumbent EU-15 Member States.3.5.2 Computing the eEurope 2005 IndexIndicators and data sourcesThe research project started with a set of over 130 different indicators, including data of two types:hard data and soft data. Subjective data gathered from survey questionnaires are termed “soft” data,and statistical data collected by independent agencies are termed “hard” data. The soft data initiallyselected for the study were extracted from the 2003 Executive Opinion Survey of the World EconomicForum (WEF), and research work in Europe. 97 Hard data were extracted from six different sources:World Development Indicators (WDI), the World Information Technology and Service Alliance(WITSA), the International Telecommunications Union (ITU), Pyramid, Eurostat and Eurobarometer.These 130 variables were narrowed down by statistical analysis to a set of 39 variables, which weregrouped amongst the 5 component indexes and their respective sub-indices – as per the eEurope2005 benchmarking framework. The variables were transformed where necessary by dividing them byanother variable such as GDP per capita, or the population of the country in order to compensate forsize and income effects. These transformed variables were then normalized on a seven-point scale.Following this, the score of each sub-index was computed as the average of the normalized scores ofthe variables present in it. Likewise, the score of the component indexes was computed as theaverage of the scores of the sub-indexes under it. Finally, the eEurope Index was computed as anaverage of the scores of the 5 component indexes.97For example the SIBIS project in the IST Programme or the European Union (www.sibis.eu.org).213
The European E-Business Report 2004eEurope 2005 Index ResultsThe overall results for the eEurope 2005 Index arepresented in Exhibit 3.5-2. Denmark comes out on top withan index of 5.90, followed by Sweden (5.36) and theNetherlands (5.28). The United Kingdom, Finland andGermany occupy ranks four to six respectively. Austria,Belgium, Ireland and Luxembourg follow and complementthe top ten. This is broadly in line with other studies on theICT diffusion in European countries.New Member States and Candidate CountriesThe top ranked New Member States are Malta andEstonia, which are respectively ranked 13 th and 14 th withscores of 3.77 and 3.74 on the eEurope index. 98 These twocountries show a higher level of ICT development basedon the indicators used in this study, with respect to severalcurrent European Union members such as Portugal, Spainand Greece. Slovenia and the Czech Republic arerespectively third and fourth placed among the NMS at the18th and 19th places respectively, and Poland follows witha rank of 20. Cyprus, the Slovak Republic and Latviafollow. The last five NMS / Candidate Countries areTurkey, Lithuania, Hungary, Romania, and Bulgaria.Alignment of the New Member StatesThe degree of alignment of the NMS with the currentmember states of the European Union is presented inExhibit 3.5-3. The countries are classified into four distinctgroups according to their performance on the computedindex: Global leaders, Totally Aligned, Somewhat Aligned,and Development Required. The ranking results of thestudy are presented alongside those of the NetworkedReadiness Index (NRI) 99 2003-2004.Exhibit 3.5-2: eEurope 2005 IndexRank Country Score1 Denmark 5.902 Sweden 5.363 Netherlands 5.284 United Kingdom 5.245 Finland 4.926 Germany 4.857 Austria 4.648 Belgium 4.569 Ireland 4.4110 Luxembourg 4.2711 Italy 3.9112 France 3.8613 Malta 3.7714 Estonia 3.7415 Spain 3.6516 Portugal 3.1717 Greece 3.1418 Slovenia 2.8619 Czech Republic 2.7820 Poland 2.7821 Cyprus 2.7222 Slovak Republic 2.6723 Latvia 2.6224 Turkey 2.4325 Lithuania 2.4026 Hungary 2.2227 Romania 1.9928 Bulgaria 1.82eEurope 2005 Index = (Internet Indicators +Modern Online Public Services + Dynamic E-Business Environment + Secure informationinfrastructure + Broadband) / 5Source: INSEAD9899The results of three countries: Cyprus, Malta, and Turkey needs to be treated with relative caution.Substantially less data was available in order to determine their eEurope 2005 scores.The Networked Readiness Index (NRI) 2003-2004 benchmarks the Information and CommunicationsTechnology competitiveness of 102 countries in the world. It is one of the leading benchmarking frameworksfor quantifying the ICT development of countries. The NRI 2003-2004 was computed as a part of a jointresearch project between INSEAD, The World Economic Forum and infoDev of the World Bank. The NRI isbased on the Networked Readiness Framework of INSEAD, and it differs from the eEurope 2005 framework.For more information, please consult Dutta et al., 2004.214
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Section II: The European e-Business
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