XDT Manual - Pioneer Air Systems Engineering

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Section 2: Sensor and Sampling Techniques2.3.1 In-situ InstallationIn-situ installation is recommended only for measurements where the gas pressure is expected tovary little, the gas is expected to be free of contaminants, the gas temperature is within the operatingspecifications of the sensor, and there is no chance of liquids coalescing. Examples of applicationssuited for in-situ installations are: pure gases, output of desiccant dryers (for instrument air),glove boxes, etc. For most other applications in-situ installation should be avoided for the followingreasons:• Sample conditioning is almost always necessary to avoid exposure of the sensor to liquidwater and other contaminants, such as hydrocarbons, which may damage the sensor or affectaccuracy over time.• Variations in line pressure affect the reading of the sensor because dewpoint varies with pressure.• If the gas line is under pressure, it is more likely that water condensation occurs which maydamage the sensor.• Under a pressurized system removal of the sensor without the installation of isolation valvescan be dangerous.If in-situ installation is required, bypass mounting is preferable; make sure to install the sensor atthe upper surface of the gas line to minimize its exposure to liquid water, should condensationoccur, the XTR65W sensor is best suited for these applications. Also consider the need to isolate(depressurize) before installing or removing the sensor.MainGas LineIn-Line Installation, SensorMeasuring at Line PressureNOT RECOMMENDEDSafety shut-off ValveBypass Installation, SensorMeasuring at Line PressureSample CellSafety shut-off ValveMainGas LineBypassControlValve ** maintain differential pressure to provide adequate flow through sample cellThe sensor measures the dewpoint at whatever pressure it is at. The instrument is equipped with apressure correction feature which allows reporting the dewpoint at a different pressure.5
<strong>XDT</strong> User’s <strong>Manual</strong>2.3.2 Extractive InstallationFor extractive installations we recommend our sample system ESS, which may be equipped witha variety of features, such as: isolation valve, coalescing or particulate filter, pressure regulator,calibration sample injection or extraction port, pressure gauge, flow meter, weatherproof enclosure.Refer to the ESS literature for more information.If the resources to make your own sample system are available, the following two diagrams maybe used as a guideline to configure a simple system.ExhaustMainGas LineMainGas LineSafety shut-off ValveRegulator orNeedle ValveIt is generally recommended to measure at ambient pressure for the following reasons:• The readings will not be affected by variations in line pressure.• The risk of exposing the sensor to liquid water is significantly reduced.• ppm readings are computed for a pressure of one atmosphere (1 bar); and have to be correctedusing software in the instrument, or a pressure monograph, or calculator if the sensor is measuringat different pressures.If readings at line pressure are necessary, it is recommended to measure at ambient pressure and touse the instrument’s pressure compensation feature to calculate the dewpoint at line pressure.Refer to Viewing Dewpoint Mode section 3.4.4.1.Please make sure that:• The sample is taken from the upper surface of the main gas line. This avoids problems withcontamination. The sample should be taken away from pipe line walls where flow rates maybe low, and dewpoint changes may lag.• For dewpoints dryer than -40°F, use stainless steel tubing only. For dewpoints -40°F and wetter,copper tubing is acceptable. Do not use plastic, rubber or tygon tubing under any circumstances,as measurements would be incorrect and/or response time slow due to water retentionSample Cell Sample CellRegulator orNeedle ValveExtractive Installation, SensorMeasuring at Line PressureExhaustExtractive Installation, SensorMeasuring at Ambient Pressure6
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XDT Manual - Pioneer Air Systems Engineering

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