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viTABLE OF CONTENTSSPECIFICATION (Cont’d)C3. Stability Bracing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191. Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192. Frames. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193. Columns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204. Beams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21D. TENSION MEMBERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24D1. Design Tensile Strength . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24D2. Built-Up Members . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24D3. Pin-Connected Members and Eyebars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251. Pin-Connected Members . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252. Eyebars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26E. COLUMNS AND OTHER COMPRESSION MEMBERS. . . . . . . . . . 27E1. Effective Length and Slenderness Limitations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271. Effective Length. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272. Design by Plastic Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27E2. Design Compressive Strength for Flexural Buckling . . . . . . . . . . . 27E3. Design Compressive Strength for Flexural-Torsional Buckling . . . . . . 28E4. Built-Up Members . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281. Design Strength . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282. Detailing Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29E5. Connections for Pin-Connected Compression Members . . . . . . . . . . 30F. BEAMS AND OTHER FLEXURAL MEMBERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31F1. Design for Flexure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311. Yielding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312. Lateral-Torsional Buckling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323. Design by Plastic Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34F2. Design for Shear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351. Web Area Determination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352. Design Shear Strength. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353. Transverse Stiffeners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36F3. Web-Tapered Members . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36F4. Beams and Girders with Web Openings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36G. PLATE GIRDERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37H. MEMBERS UNDER COMBINED FORCES AND TORSION . . . . . . . 38H1. Symmetric Members Subject to Bending and Axial Force . . . . . . . . 381. Doubly and Singly Symmetric Members in Flexure and Tension . . 382. Doubly and Singly Symmetric Members in Flexure andCompression. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39H2. Unsymmetric Members and Members Under Torsion andCombined Torsion, Flexure, Shear, and/or Axial Force . . . . . . . . . . 39H3. Alternative Interaction Equations for Members Under CombinedStress (see Appendix H3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39I. COMPOSITE MEMBERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40I1. Design Assumptions and Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40I2. Compression Members. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 411. Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41<strong>LRFD</strong> Specification for Structural Steel Buildings, December 27, 1999AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION

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