Beginning and Intermediate Algebra - Wallace Math Courses ...

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8.7 Radicals - Radicals of Mixed Index Objective: Reduce the index on a radical and multiply or divide radicals of different index. Knowing that a radical has the same properties as exponents (written as a ratio) allows us to manipulate radicals in new ways. One thing we are allowed to do is reduce, not just the radicand, but the index as well. This is shown in the following example. Example 417. � 8 x 6 y 2 Rewrite as rational exponent (x6y2 ) 1 5 Multiply exponents x 6 8 y 2 8 4y Reduce each fraction 1 x 3 4 All exponents have denominator of 4, this is our new index x3 � 4 y Our Solution What we have done is reduced our index by dividing the index and all the exponents by the same number (2 in the previous example). If we notice a common factor in the index and all the exponnets on every factor we can reduce by dividing by that common factor. This is shown in the next example Example 418. a6b9c15 24 √ 8√ a 2 b 3 c 5 Index and all exponents are divisible by 3 Our Solution We can use the same process when there are coefficients in the problem. We will first write the coefficient as an exponential expression so we can divide the exponet by the common factor as well. Example 419. 8m6n3 9√ 23m6n3 9√ 2m2 3√ n Write8as 2 3 Index and all exponents are divisible by 3 Our Solution We can use a very similar idea to also multiply radicals where the index does not match. First we will consider an example using rational exponents, then identify the pattern we can use. 314
Example 420. ab2 3√ a2 4√ b Rewrite as rational exponents (ab2 ) 1 3(a2b) 1 4 Multiply exponents a 1 3 b 2 3 a 2 4 b 1 4 To have one radical need a common denominator, 12 a 4 12 b 8 12 a 6 12 b 3 12 a Write underasingle radical with common index, 12 4b8a6b3 12 √ 12 √ a 10 b 11 Add exponents Our Solution To combine the radicals we need a common index (just like the common denominator). We will get a common index by multiplying each index and exponent by an integer that will allow us to build up to that desired index. This process is shown in the next example. Example 421. a2b3 4√ a2 6√ b a6b9a4b2 12 √ 12 √ a 10 b 11 Common index is 12. Multiply first index and exponents by 3, second by 2 Add exponents Our Solution Often after combining radicals of mixed index we will need to simplify the resulting radical. Example 422. x3y4 � 5 x2 � 3 y x9y12x10y 5 15 � x19y17 15 � xy x4y2 15 � Common index: 15. Multiply first index and exponents by 3, second by 5 Add exponents Simplify by dividing exponents by index, remainder is left inside Our Solution Just as with reducing the index, we will rewrite coefficients as exponential expressions. This will also allow us to use exponent properties to simplify. Example 423. 4x2 � 3 y 8xy3 4 � � � 3 2 2 x 2 y 4 2 3 xy 3 28x8y429x3y 9 12� 217x11y 13 12� 2y 25x11 12 y � 2y 32x11 12 y � Rewrite 4 as2 2 and 8 as 2 3 Common index: 12. Multiply first index and exponents by 4, second by 3 Add exponents(even on the 2) Simplify by dividing exponents by index, remainder is left inside Simplify 2 5 Our Solution 315
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Beginning and Intermediate Algebra
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Special thanks to: My beautiful wif
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Chapter 6: Factoring 6.1 Greatest C
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0.1 Pre-Algebra - Integers Objectiv
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Multiplication and division of inte
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45) (4)( − 6) Find each quotient.
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9 ÷ 3 3 = 21 ÷ 3 7 Our Soultion T
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Example 21. 13 6 − 9 6 4 6 2 3 Sa
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Find each quotient. 37) − 2 ÷ 7
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the expression that is to be evalua
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Solve. 1) − 6 · 4( − 1) 3) 3+(
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It will be more common in our study
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0.4 Practice - Properties of Algebr
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Chapter 1 : Solving Linear Equation
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Addition Problems To solve equation
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8x = − 24 8 8 x = − 3 Division
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1.2 Linear Equations - Two-Step Equ
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− 1 − 1 Divide both sides by
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1.3 Solving Linear Equations - Gene
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Example 63. − 3x +9=6x − 27 Not
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4[ − 2]+9=−15 +8(2) Finish mult
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1.4 Solving Linear Equations - Frac
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Example 72. � � 3 5 4 x + = 3 2
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1.5 Solving Linear Equations - Form
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Example 79. A = πr 2 +πrs for s S
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1.5 Practice - Formulas Solve each
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|x| = 5 Absolute value can be posit
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Example 90. 7+|2x − 5| =4 Notice
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1.7 Solving Linear Equations - Vari
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Once we have found the constant of
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1.7 Practice - Variation Write the
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sure. If the pressure of a certain
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Fifteen more than three times a num
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When we started with our first, sec
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1.8 Practice - Number and Geometry
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30. The perimeter of a college bask
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Our equation comes from the future
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4x + 2=102 Solve the two − step e
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years ago, the bronze plaque was on
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1.10 Solving Linear Equations - Dis
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Rate Time Distance Bob r + 2 3 Fred
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2 =t Our solution fort, she catches
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Find the distance he rode. 8. A man
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The first plan is flying 25 mph slo
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2.1 Graphing - Points and Lines Obj
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E B D F G C A Our Solution The main
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x y − 3 − 4 0 − 2 3 0 Our com
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2.2 Graphing - Slope Objective: Fin
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When mathematicians began working w
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Example 131. Find the value of x be
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9) 10) Find the slope of the line t
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y = − 2 x + 3 Our Solution 3 Iden
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2.3 Practice - Slope-Intercept Writ
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2.4 Graphing - Point-Slope Form Obj
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Find the equation of the line throu
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Write the point-slope form of the e
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m = 2 5 m = 2 5 Example 147. Slope
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2.5 Practice - Parallel and Perpend
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Chapter 3 : Inequalities 3.1 Solve
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than 4. If we have an expression su
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− 5 − 5 − 2x � 6 Divide bot
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Solve each inequality, graph each s
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As the graphs overlap, we take the
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3.2 Practice - Compound Inequalitie
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edition of a college algebra text!
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It is important to remember as we a
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Chapter 4 : Systems of Equations 4.
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ested in the point that is a soluti
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that parallel lines have the same s
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4.2 Systems of Equations - Substitu
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tion. This process is described and
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World View Note: French mathematici
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31) 2x + y = 2 3x + 7y = 14 33) x +
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6x +9y = 6 New second equation −
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Just as with graphing and substutio
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4.4 Systems of Equations - Three Va
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just the ordered pair (x, y). In th
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15x − 12y +9z = − 12 5x − 4y
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23) 3x + 3y − 2z = 13 6x + 2y −
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are given to use. This means someti
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− 0.5 − 0.5 c=17 We have c, num
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− 0.06x − 0.06y = − 240 Add e
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14) A bank contains 27 coins in dim
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4.6 Systems of Equations - Mixture
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Amount Part Total Start 40 3 120 Ad
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4(30 −n)+2.5n=105 Substitute into
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16) A certain grade of milk contain
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175
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5.1 Polynomials - Exponent Properti
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A quicker method to arrive at the s
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Example 210. Example 211. 7a 3 (2a
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5.2 Polynomials - Negative Exponent
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As we simplified our fraction we to
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5.2 Practice - Negative Exponents S
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Example 223. Convert 3.21 × 10 5 t
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5.3 Practice - Scientific Notation
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World View Note: Ada Lovelace in 18
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21) (3+b 4 )+(7+2b + b 4 ) 22) (1+6
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Just as we distribute a monomial th
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Example 243. (2x − 5)(4x 2 − 7x
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5.6 Polynomials - Multiply Special
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Be very careful when we are squarin
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5.7 Polynomials - Divide Polynomial
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3. Change the sign of the terms and
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Example 261. 2x 3 + 42 − 4x x + 3
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Chapter 6 : Factoring 6.1 Greatest
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ers using mental math, then we take
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6.1 Practice - Greatest Common Fact
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Example 273. 10ab + 15b + 4a+6 Spli
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example the binomials are (a + b) a
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6.3 Factoring - Trinomials where a
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As the past few examples illustrate
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6.3 Practice - Trinomials where a =
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Example 296. 10x 2 − 27x +5 Multi
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6.5 Factoring - Factoring Special P
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Example 306. 4x 2 + 20xy + 25y 2 Mu
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6.5 Practice - Factoring Special Pr
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Example 313. Example 314. Example 3
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6.7 Factoring - Solve by Factoring
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0=(2x +3)(2x − 3) One factor must
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6.7 Practice - Solve by Factoring S
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7.1 Rational Expressions - Reduce R
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However, if there is more than just
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41) 8m+16 20m − 12 43) 2x2 − 10
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Example 333. 25x2 24y4 · 9y8 55x7
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Simplify each expression. 1) 8x2 9
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7.3 Rational Expressions - Least Co
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As the above example illustrates, w
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7.4 Rational Expressions - Add & Su
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13 12 Our Solution The same process
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7.4 Practice - Add and Subtract Add
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Page 265 and 266: LCD =(x + 3)(x − 3) Multiply each
Page 267 and 268: 23) 25) 27) 29) x − 4+ 9 2x +3 x
Page 269 and 270: (20)(9)=6x Multiply 180 = 6x Divide
Page 271 and 272: 3.5 6 The man hasashadow of 3.5 fee
Page 273 and 274: 33) Kali reduced the size of a pain
Page 275 and 276: LCD will be more involved. We will
Page 277 and 278: x=5 or − 2 Our Solution World Vie
Page 279 and 280: 7.8 Rational Expressions - Dimensio
Page 281 and 282: � 435 1 �� 1 lbs = 16 435
Page 283 and 284: To focus on the process of conversi
Page 285 and 286: 7.8 Practice - Dimensional Analysis
Page 287 and 288: Chapter 8 : Radicals 8.1 Square Roo
Page 289 and 290: √ process is being able to transl
Page 291 and 292: Simplify. √ 1) 245 √ 3) 36 √
Page 293 and 294: Example 384. 3√ 54 We are working
Page 295 and 296: 8.3 Radicals - Adding Radicals Obje
Page 297 and 298: Simiplify 1) 2 5 √ + 2 5 √ + 2
Page 299 and 300: √ √ √ √ 4 50 + 6 30 − 8 3
Page 301 and 302: The previous example could have bee
Page 303 and 304: 8.5 Radicals - Rationalize Denomina
Page 305 and 306: 2x2 √ √ 10 − 6x 3x Our Soluti
Page 307 and 308: Example 408. 2 5 √ − 3 7 √ 5
Page 309 and 310: 37) 5 2 √ + 3 √ 5+5 2 √ 38) 3
Page 311 and 312: 1 (3) 4 Evaluate exponent 1 81 Our
Page 313: 8.6 Practice - Rational Exponents W
Page 317 and 318: 8.7 Practice - Radicals of Mixed In
Page 319 and 320: Example 426. Example 427. i 35 Divi
Page 321 and 322: √ Dividing with complex numbers a
Page 323 and 324: Simplify. 1) 3 − ( − 8+4i) 3) (
Page 325 and 326: Chapter 9 : Quadratics 9.1 Solving
Page 327 and 328: Example 444. + 1 +1 Add1to both sid
Page 329 and 330: 2 − 2=0 Subtract 0=0 True! It wor
Page 331 and 332: Solve. √ 1) 2x + 3 √ 3) 6x −
Page 333 and 334: x4 4√ = ± 4√ 16 Simplify roots
Page 335 and 336: 5√ 4x +1 = ± 3 Clear radical by
Page 337 and 338: 9.3 Quadratics - Complete the Squar
Page 339 and 340: x2 + 5 25 x+ 3 36 � x + 5 �2 6
Page 341 and 342: Example 464. − 7 3 � 3 3 + 3 3
Page 343 and 344: 9.4 Quadratics - Quadratic Formula
Page 345 and 346: x = Example 468. √ 30 ± 900 + 11
Page 347 and 348: 9.4 Practice - Quadratic Formula So
Page 349 and 350: 12x 2 − 17x + 6=0 Our Solution If
Page 351 and 352: 9.5 Practice - Build Quadratics fro
Page 353 and 354: Example 479. a −2 − a −1 −
Page 355 and 356: 12 = (x − 3) 2 or 13 =(x − 3) 2
Page 357 and 358: 9.7 Quadratics - Rectangles Objecti
Page 359 and 360: Example 486. 2 Our Solution The len
Page 361 and 362: 4(x 2 + 10x − 24) =0 Factor trino
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1(12x) 3 + 1(12x) x 1 1 5 + = 3 x 1
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6x +6(x − 1)=5x(x − 1) Reduce e
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16) A sink can be filled from the f
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These simultaneous product equation
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9.10 Quadratics - Revenue and Dista
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96n(n − 2) 96n(n − 2) +4n(n −
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upstream, the current will pull aga
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12) A pilot flying at a constant ra
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The above method to graph a parabol
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It is important to remember the gra
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Chapter 10 : Functions 10.1 Functio
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Example 504. Which of the following
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2x − 3 � 0 Set up an inequality
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Solve. 10.1 Practice - Function Not
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10.2 Functions - Operations on Func
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(x − 5)(x +1) (x − 5) Divide ou
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We can also evaluate a composition
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23) f(x) = x 2 − 5x g(x) = x + 5
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10.3 Functions - Inverse Functions
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(3x +6)(3 − 4x) 3 − 4x (4x+8)(3
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10.3 Practice - Inverse Functions S
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Example 530. 8 3x = 32 Rewrite 8 as
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10.4 Practice - Exponential Functio
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log3x =7 Identify base, 3, answer,
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10.5 Practice - Logarithmic Functio
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A = 25000(1.01625) 20 Evaluate expo
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The variable e is a constant simila
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j. All of the above compounded cont
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Using the diagram at right, find ea
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10.7 Practice - Trigonometric Funct
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21) 23) 25) 27) A B A 5 38 ◦ x x
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37) 39) A A 37.1 ◦ C x x C 13.1 4
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θ 17 From angle θ the given sides
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function to find the missing angle
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Find the measure of each angle indi
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27) 29) 14 A A θ C 15 7 C 14 θ B
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437
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7) 5 4 8) 4 3 9) 3 2 10) 8 3 11) 5
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54) 60v − 7 55) − 3x + 8x 2 56)
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45) 12 46) All real numbers 47) No
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15) wx 3 = 1458 16) h = 1.5 j 17) a
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1) B(4, − 3) C(1, 2) D( − 1, 4)
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1) y = 2x +5 2) y = − 6x +4 3) y
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23) x =4 24) y − 4 = 7 (x − 1)
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25) 5�x
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1) ( − 2, 4) 2) (2,4) 3) No solut
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27) 56, 144 28) 1.5, 3.5 29) 30 30)
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42) 1.2 × 10 6 5.4 1) 3 2) 7 3)
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5) 2x 3 + 4x 2 + x 2 6) 5p3 4 +4p2
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7) (b +8)(b + 4) 8) (b − 10)(b
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11) n(n − 1) 12) (5x +3)(x − 5)
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5) 3x2 2 6) 5p 2 7) 5m 8) 7 10 9) r
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7) 8) 5 24r 7x + 3y x 2 y 2 9) 15t+
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21) 0, 5 22) − 2, 5 3 23) 4,7 24)
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42) − 18xz 4x3yz3 � 4 8.3 1) 6
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16 3 √ + 4 5 √ 43 18) 19) 2 √
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8.8 1) 11 − 4i 2) − 4i 3) − 3
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√ √ 33) 4+i 39, 4 −i 39 34)
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9) ± 2, ± 4 10) 2,3, − 1 ±i 3
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1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) (-2,0) (0,-8) (-1
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11) 100 12) − 74 13) 1 5 14) 27 1
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10.5 1) 9 2 = 81 2) b −16 = a 3)
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21) 51.3 ◦ 22) 45 ◦ 23) 56.4
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