ICT and e-Business Impact in the Retail Industry - empirica

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e-Business in the Retail Sectorm∑ln( gpv ) = β + lnx ⋅ β + v − u for i = 1,...,6i 0ij j i ij=1j.{ imi ict nict hswh mswh lswh}with x ∈ , , , , ,Combining the industries production possibility frontiers for each country to one commonproduction possibility frontier for an industry across all countries, we obtain a multicountrydata panel with a common stochastic production possibility frontier.mln( gpv ) = β + lnx ⋅ β + v − u for i = 1,...,6 and j = 1,...,12∑ji , 0 ijj j i ji ,j=1To impose constant returns to scale we normalised the production possibility frontier bysubtracting the natural logarithm of total working hours from both sides of our equation.This normalized common production possibility frontier equates the gross productionvalue labour productivity in working hours on the left hand side with respective factorintensities such as ICT-capital intensity on the right hand side.m* * * *jt ,β ∑ ij, tβj i ji ,j=1ln( gpv ) = + lnx ⋅ + v − u for i = 1,...,6 and j = 1,...,12To include Harrod-neutral technical change in the multi-country industry commonproduction possibility frontier a time trend variable is also included. The respectiveparameter value β7measures the average TFP-growth rate. The long-term rate ofHarrod-neutral technological progress therefore determines the outward shift attributed toa steady technical change in the common production possibility frontier.m** * * * *jt ,β ∑ ij, tβjβ7 i ji ,j=1ln( gpv ) = + lnx ⋅ + ⋅ t+ v − u for i = 1,...,6 and j = 1,...,1292Data sourcesData sources by subject of studyProductivity Employment Innovation Market Structure Value ChainEU KLEMS EU KLEMS EUKLEMS/Zephyr**EUKLEMS/Zephyr**EUKLEMS/ERM**** http://www.euklems.net/ , ** zephyr.bvdep.com/ , *** http://www.eurofound.europa.eu/emcc/index.htmEU KLEMS database: The aim of the EU KLEMS research project is to create adatabase on measures of economic growth, productivity, employment creation, capitalformation and technological change in the European Union’s industrial sector since 1970.The database breaks industries down into 63 categories. It covers the EU (25) MemberStates, the US, Japan and Canada and provides data going back to 1990 for new EUMember States.ZEPHYR is an information solution containing M&A, IPO and venture capital deals withlinks to detailed financial company information. There is no minimum deal value so all92The symbols used denote the following: imi - intermediate inputs, ict – ICT-capital stock, nict –Non-ICT-capital stock, hswh – high-skilled total working hours, mswh – medium-skilled totalworking hours, lswh - low-skilled total working hours.207
e-Business in the Retail Sectordeals can be analyzed in detail, irrespective of the transaction size. All information istranslated into English and the deals are verified by a senior researcher before beingpublished on ZEPHYR to ensure consistently high quality information. The databaseoffers five years of global coverage and includes deals involving European or Americancompanies going back to 1997.The European Restructuring Monitor (ERM) provides up-to-date news and analysis oncompany restructuring activities in Europe and their employment consequences. It offersinformation on individual restructuring cases and allows for the compilation of statisticscomparing countries, sectors and types of restructuring. All information is based on theanalysis of daily newspapers and the business press in the EU27 and Norway. Thedatabase covers restructuring activities from 2001. To date 6,991 restructuring casesfrom most industry sectors have been collected.208
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ICT and e-Business Impact in the Retail Industry - empirica

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