ITT's Place in the Cycle of Water - Water Solutions

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The Cycle of Water: WastewaterRESIDENTIAL / COMMERCIAL WASTEWATERResidential and commercial wastewater refers to theremoval of wastewater or effluent from homes andbuildings through either a municipal collection systemor on-site septic or treatment systems. Effluent is gray(dirty) water. Wastewater is effluent containing solidwaste.Wastewater is collected either in a septic tank whereit is broken down by anaerobic action or it is collectedin sewage basins constructed of steel, concrete,fiberglass or plastic. Wastewater pumps move thewaste from the collection basin to a municipal sewagetreatment plant for treatment.A new and fast-growing process is on-sitewastewater treatment, which is more effective andenvironmentally friendly than a typical septic systemand less expensive than a municipal collection andtreatment system.CASE STORY:ITT Supplies WastewaterPumps to Asia's LargestConstruction ProjectsAt some of the highest-profileconstruction projects in Asia, theconstruction engineers decided to specifyreliable submersible pumps from ITT’sFlygt brand for wastewater applications.ITT’s Place In The Cycle of Water: Everything But The Pipes
The Cycle of Water: Wastewaterindustrial WASTEwater, TREATMENT AND REuseIndustrial wastewater streams are often complex anddifficult to treat, resulting in municipal wastewatertreatment facilities being unable to accept the load dueto the consequences upon their treatment processes.Pollutants that can cause problems in this regardinclude salinity, toxicity and color, hence industrialistswith such effluent must often undertake specializedon-site treatment to remove such materials, either byemploying strong oxidants (such as chlorine dioxideor ozone) or by dosing other targeted chemicals or byemploying specialized physical and biological treatmentmethods. On-site industrial wastewater treatment canbe driven by the ability to recover valuable materialsthat would otherwise incur a disposal cost; or simply,by cost effectiveness compared to other disposaloptions such as via a municipal treatment facility.Industrial wastewater treatment processes encompassall those used for municipal sewage treatment,together with some more specialized methods thatare more specific to particular industrial pollutants.High strength (in terms of oxygen demand) organiceffluents, usually just associated with sludgetreatment, are often treated using anaerobicdigestion (which is also used for municipal sewagesludge treatment), which employs microorganismsto convert a considerable proportion of the organicmaterial into methane, thus providing a source of fuel.Specific cultures of microorganisms can be used totreat specific pollutants, such as fuel hydrocarbons,using either aerobic or anaerobic systems (a processsometimes used to remediate industrial contaminationof groundwater bodies). Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF)is another common process often used in the foodindustry for removing fats, oils and greases by liftingsuch pollutants to the surface through the attachmentof very small air bubbles, from where they are scrapedoff. Flow balancing is a common initial requirementfor numerous industries to provide a consistent loadto subsequent treatment processes, with pH correctionalso being necessary where biological processes areemployed.Following on-site treatment, the wastewater isgenerally discharged either directly to a surface waterbody, or to a municipal sewage treatment plant (theon-site treatment in this case can reduce the costof such discharges and overcome any difficultieswith specific pollutants). Treating wastewater to arelatively high standard can enable it to be reused.The standard required will depend upon the reuseapplication; however, there is an increasing number ofsites where wastewater is treated to potable standards(often using RO membranes) enabling it to be reusedfor almost any application. The concept of a “zerodischarge” facility where water continually circulateswithin a single site is becoming ever closer to reality,particularly given the increasing pressure on waterresources and the resultant cost increases.CASE STORY:ITT pumps in water service forCanadian Oil SandsSeparating oil-bearing bitumen from oilsands takes a lot of water. Durable andreliable ITT Goulds brand pumps movewater efficiently throughout the extractionprocess to control the flow of everythingfrom coarse slurry to fine froth.37
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Page 7 and 8: ForwardChanging Nature of theWater
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Page 52 and 53: Water WorriesThe following informat
Page 54 and 55: Water WorriesWater Demand: The Long
Page 56 and 57: Water WorriesClimate Change and Wat
Page 58 and 59: Water WorriesOn that point, a 2004
Page 60 and 61: Water WorriesPrecipitation Patterns
Page 62 and 63: Water WorriesPipelinesOf all the me
Page 64 and 65: Water WorriesThe Chinese government
Page 66 and 67: Water WorriesDriving increasing wat
Page 68 and 69: Water WorriesWater Demand: Develope
Page 70 and 71: Water WorriesWater Recycling and Re
Page 72 and 73: GlossaryITT’s Place In The Cycle
Page 74 and 75: Glossary of Key TermsCollection Sys
Page 76 and 77: Glossary of Key TermsOxidation Proc
Page 78 and 79: ITT: An In-Depth LookITT’s Place
Page 80 and 81: ITT: An In-Depth LookFluid technolo
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ITT: An In-Depth LookFluid technolo
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ITT: An In-Depth Lookitt brands tha
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Global Water LeadershipITT’s Plac
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Global Water LeadershipCommitted to
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ITT - Fluid Technology HQ1133 Westc
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In a world hungry for fluid handlin
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ITT's Place in the Cycle of Water - Water Solutions

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