Full report LR.pdf - DLIST Benguela

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NACOMA Project - Preparation phaseRapid Assessment of the Development Plans, Biodiversity Conservation Projects and Socio-Economic Situation of the Namib Coastal Regionsit is a relic of Apartheid times when the South African administration divided the country up intoBantustan entities and protected areas at will, and certainly without the input of the local population.Notwithstanding these issues and threats, progress has been made when a memorandum ofunderstanding was recently signed by the Governments of Namibia and Angola to create a transfrontierarea with the Iona National Park in Angola. Unfortunately there appear to have been little consultationwith the public or lower tiers of government before this memorandum was signed. With the event ofpeace, a survey on the Iona National Park 47 has been conducted by Angolan and Namibian officials inorder to get a better understanding of the condition of the park’s wildlife. The survey has producedimportant results in terms of wildlife, livestock and population distribution that are significant and cansupport management initiatives in this new transfrontier park that hitherto exists only on paper.The area that links the Skeleton Coast to the Etosha National Park is today covered by a mosaic ofcommunal conservancies where a number of initiatives have been implemented to allow ruralcommunities to generate income through biodiversity management and rural development. Theconservancies adjacent to the Skeleton Coast are considered by MET as very important in terms ofbiodiversity conservation 48 . They can provide a link between the communities and the park and act as abuffer zone.3.2.3. National West Coast Recreation AreaWith a lower conservation status than national parks, the National West Coast Recreation Area issubject to intensive recreation pressure especially during summer holidays. The National West CoastRecreation Area Plan dates from 1986 49 but a new management plan is going to be prepared for thearea. This area will be proclaimed as a national park due to its importance in terms of biodiversityconservation 50 . The Cape Cross Reserve in the National West Coast Recreation Area, which containsthe fur seal colony and lichen fields, is managed by the Cape Cross Nature Reserve Plan 51 .3.2.4. Walvis Bay WetlandThe Walvis Bay coastal wetland supports the greatest number of wetland birds in southern Africa andhas been declared Ramsar site. It is also the main feeding grounds south of West Africa for a number ofprotected migrants and resident bird species, including the greater and lesser flamingo. The dune areassouth and east of the lagoon, including the ephemeral Kuiseb Delta, hold significant ecological andcultural values and make up an important part of the area used by the Topnaar community. The WalvisBay Nature Reserve, comprising Walvis Bay Lagoon and the dune areas east of Walvis Bay, the KuisebDelta and the Kuiseb River, lost its protected status at reintegration in 1994.The Walvis Bay Lagoon falls within the jurisdictions of the Walvis Bay Municipality, NAMPORT andthe M<strong>LR</strong>R and therefore responsibilities for management are not entirely clear. Preparations started in1998 for the Walvis Bay Environmental Management Plan 52 as an extension of the Structural Plan forWalvis Bay. In the period between 2001 and 2004, the Walvis Bay Local Agenda 21 Project wasimplemented with funding from the Danish Government. This project aimed to promote sustainable47 Kolberg, H. and W. Kilian, 2003. Report on an Aerial Survey of Iona National Park, Angola, 6 to 14 June 2003.Technical Reports of Scientific Services, Directorate Scientific Services, Ministry of Environment and Tourism.Windhoek, Namibia, December 2003.48 Beytell B. 2004. Personal communication, Windhoek, 13 October 2004.49 Brady, R., 2004. Personal communication, Swakopmund, 16 August 2004.50 Beytell B. 2004. Personal communication, Windhoek, 13 October 2004.51 Brady, R., 2004. Personal communication, Swakopmund, 16 August 2004.52 Burger, L., 1998. Walvis Bay Lagoon integrated environmental management plan. Cape Town: EnvironmentalEvaluation Unit, pp 1-53.18
NACOMA Project - Preparation phaseRapid Assessment of the Development Plans, Biodiversity Conservation Projects and Socio-Economic Situation of the Namib Coastal Regionsmanagement of the Walvis Bay area in accordance with the Local Agenda 21 principles, by addressingexisting problems and obstacles. Some of the key outputs of this project were a Municipal Policy, anenvironmental strategy and action plan for the coastal area, the establishment of a fund to supportcommunity projects, and the implementation of a number of micro projects to raise awareness andpromote local involvement in management of Walvis Bay’s natural resources. There has been a requestto extend the project until December 2004 to inform other municipalities about the project through aseries of four workshops in the north, central and south areas. The Project Steering Committee willremain after the end of the project to manage the environmental strategy and action plan 53 .With a basis on the draft Parks and Wildlife Bill and the resources provided by the Local Agenda 21project, a renewed effort is being made to investigate the possibility of proclaiming the Walvis BayNature Reserve, currently unregulated in respect of entry and activities that may be carried out in thearea. A workshop has been held in July 2004 to facilitate a common understanding among key roleplayers of the purpose of the nature reserve and to discuss the Walvis Bay Nature Reserve DraftManagement Plan 54 . In its draft form, the management plan aims to promote a multiple-use principle inlight of the varied interests and the multitude of stakeholders in and around the area. It includes adescription of the management approach and goals, together with a framework for decision making andmechanisms for involving stakeholders as well as ensuring socio-economic sustainability of themanagement measures. The management plan is based on a functional zonation according to differentregimes for protection, use and management: Pelican Point, inner lagoon, outer lagoon, Walvis BayHarbour, Paaltjies Coast, Salt works, Kuiseb River and Kuiseb Delta, and desert and dune areas aroundKuiseb River.3.2.5. Swakopmund / Walvis Bay dunesThe dune area between Swakopmund and Walvis Bay represents the only coastal dunes in Namibia thatare easily accessible to the public. In face of the increased use of this area and the lack of protectionstatus, the Management and Monitoring Plan for the Dune Belt between Swakopmund and WalvisBay 55 has been developed through a consultative process to define how the area can be managed mosteffectively. The plan recommends that an EIA be conducted to assess the environmental sensitivity ofthe area and that, in the absence of any other legislation governing the use of the area, the Walvis BayMunicipality be required to pass municipal regulations to govern the use of the area. Its designation asrestricted area is suggested, as well as its demarcation into different zones, control of access to and useof the area and the delegation of certain powers of enforcement to tour operators. The establishment ofan environmental fund is proposed into which all revenue generated from permit fees is paid and can beused to facilitate better regulation and monitoring of the area. The long term perspective is that this areashould be declared as a protected area.3.2.6. Henties Bay Marine and Coastal Resources Research CentreThe Henties Bay Marine and Coastal Resources Research Centre is a multidisciplinary research projectof the University of Namibia with the main aim of promoting sustainable and responsible utilisation ofNamibia's coastal resources for the benefit of all Namibians. The Centre is already involved insuccessful projects such as growing mushrooms and developing bio-gas pilot projects, as well as inresearch into mariculture. The Centre can play an important role in developing community projects, for53 Ushona, D., 2004. Personal communication, Walvis Bay, 16 August 2004.54 Clayton, M. (ed.), 2004. Walvis Bay Nature Reserve Training Wokrshop - Report. Welwitchia Conference Centre,Walvis Bay, 28 – 30 July 2004. Walvis Bay Local Agenda 21.55 Clayton, M and Avafia, T., 2002. Management and Monitoring Plan for the dune belt between Swakopmund andWalvis Bay: Annexure A. Unpublished document, pp 1-63.19
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