Full report LR.pdf - DLIST Benguela

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NACOMA Project - Preparation phaseRapid Assessment of the Development Plans, Biodiversity Conservation Projects and Socio-Economic Situation of the Namib Coastal Regionssociety. In fact, MET is often perceived by people as an obstacle to development 106 . It has beensuggested in the NACOMA preparation workshop that the allocation of permission for operationswithin proclaimed parks should be decided by Regional Councils in consultation with MET and therespective jurisdictionally responsible Ministries. The tourism concession framework for protected areashas been revised by MET.Community participation outside protected areas can also help create positive spin-offs to the localpeople. MET’s Parks and Neighbours policy can lead to more progressive negotiated agreementsbetween the MET, private sector and adjacent communities. Mechanisms and incentives need to bestrengthened for conserving biodiversity and biotic resources outside of protected areas, in thecommunal and private lands. In the tourism sector, most benefits go to a small group of people and theindustry has remained largely untransformed. Fortunately, government institutions and tourismassociations appear to be very aware of the need to involve communities in tourism and ‘open up’ theindustry to the broader population 107 . Some recommendations drawn in the NWTOP include theaffording of additional rights to conservancies to manage tourism in partnership with MET and theprivate sector, and the finalisation of the MET concession policy whereby conservancies must beinvolved in the ownership, management and benefit from all natural resource based activities.There is scope to investigate and strengthen mechanisms and incentives for natural resource use andconservation outside or bordering protected areas. The allocation of legal rights to communities tomanage wildlife as well as other resources in conservancies is key to their survival. The NACOMAProject can address the Regional Councils’ participation and support to community-based naturalresources management by collaborating with the GEF-funded ICEMA Project and supporting projectsand activities that have a strong and sustainable community focus. Strengthening the emerging TFCAby raising its conservation profile and promoting different types of conservation areas as economicgenerators can provide a framework and a vehicle for conservation and sustainable natural resourcemanagement activities. The Kunene and Orange River Mouths are very important because they can playan important role in consolidating the tri-frontier TFCA.106 Braby, R., 2004. Personal communication, Swakopmund, 16 August 2004.107 Regional Council of Hardap and Hardap Tourism Board, 2003. Hardap Region Tourism Development Plan 2003.Mariental, pp 1-110.50
NACOMA Project - Preparation phaseRapid Assessment of the Development Plans, Biodiversity Conservation Projects and Socio-Economic Situation of the Namib Coastal RegionsConclusions1. The coastal areas in Namibia and their unique biodiversity values face a number of threats. Thepresent threats are rooted in an uncoordinated picture between biodiversity conservation andregional development. The key root causes of biodiversity loss identified in this <strong>report</strong> are:• Poor awareness and lack of knowledge of coastal and marine values: The most pressing threat tobiodiversity conservation is the lack of understanding of the values of the coast and their potentialfor development.• Unclear and centralised responsibilities: Roles and mandates at the national and regional levels interms of coastal zone management and biodiversity conservation not clearly defined in the contextof the ongoing decentralisation process.• Uncoordinated land use planning: Poor and uncoordinated planning between the different sectorsand between the national and regional levels make it impossible to reconcile conservation anddevelopment, and environment loses out first.• Insufficient natural resource management and protection of some key biodiversity hotspots: Lackof a comprehensive policy framework and inadequate legal protection of key biodiversity hotspotsresult in negative impacts encroaching with development.• Insufficient public input on how resources are used and inequitable benefit sharing: Poor levelof public participation in biodiversity conservation and highly skewed patterns in terms of the useof natural resources and benefits to people resulted in detachment of the people from conservationobjectives along the coast.2. NACOMA can play a key role in addressing the root causes by enhancing the understanding of thecoastal natural resources and their potential as economic generators, involving key stakeholders ina coastal policy development process, building capacity and strengthening the institutional setup atthe regional level for biodiversity conservation, and supporting targeted investments that helpreconcile biodiversity conservation and development.6. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR NACOMA6.1. The need for NACOMAThe threats to biodiversity loss and root causes identified in the previous section are pressing and needattention. The current efforts towards coastal biodiversity conservation and management, includingother GEF-funded projects such as the Protected Areas Project and the ICEMA Project, each addresssome of the specific issues though in some degree of isolation. In the current context of decentralisation,these isolated efforts need to be “glued together” into a coherent interventions framework that willcreate an enabling environment for effective and decentralised coastal zone management andbiodiversity conservation in Namibia. NACOMA was in fact conceived from the lack of an overallcoastal zone management framework in Namibia and the gaps that exist in biodiversity conservation.Integrated coastal zone management will promote the harmonisation of the biodiversity conservationand regional development planning frameworks described in Sections 3 and 4 respectively. Striving foreffective and equitable protection and use of coastal resources, the NACOMA Project has three maincomponents:1) Policy development and action planning for sustainable management of the Namib Coast:This component will lead to a comprehensive coastal policy framework that will not only result51
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