Full report LR.pdf - DLIST Benguela

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NACOMA Project - Preparation phaseRapid Assessment of the Development Plans, Biodiversity Conservation Projects and Socio-Economic Situation of the Namib Coastal RegionsTable 6Key development plans and initiatives in the coastal areas and relevance to NACOMAPlans and initiativesNAMPORT’s Environmental ManagementSystem (EMS): Contains guidelines andresponsibilities for environmental managementof port operations. Accreditation processaccording to ISO 14001 ongoing.Municipal plans: Structure plan for WalvisBay and Swakopmund Four-year StrategyNorth West Tourism Plan (NWTP): Tourismdevelopment plan for the Erongo and KuneneRegions, with a focus on communal landsoutside the coastal protected areas.Hardap Region Tourism Development Plan:describe the role of the Hardap RegionalCouncil and the Hardap Tourism Board in thedevelopment of tourism in the region.Community Tourism Market Research for theSouth of Namibia: Identifies new communitybasedattractions and analyses the potential ofCBT.Relevance to NACOMA• The experience of implementing an EMS in the Walvis Bay port should be shared with other industries in theregion in an effort to prevent or mitigate environmental impacts. Clear environmental management proceduresin these industries, even if not certified according to ISO 14001, would promote, at the minimum, compliancewith existing regulations. In enhancing the framework for integrated coastal zone management, NACOMAthrough its multi-partner make-up can engage the private sector in adopting practices that do not contribute tobiodiversity loss.• If environmental tasks are to be decentralised, the preparation of structural and strategic plans at the municipallevel should result from a process that involves both environmental officers and planners. The process ofcapacity building and institutional strengthening envisaged by NACOMA will strengthen IntegratedConservation and Development (ICD) approaches to planning• The plan provides important indications on sustainable tourism development in communal areas that must bepart of the common tourism development vision for each region and linked with tourism development in theprotected areas of Skeleton Coast National Park and the National West Coast Recreation Area. NACOMA canplay a key role in strengthening the link between the Skeleton Coast Park, Regional Councils and theconservancies adjacent to it.• Recommendations included in the NWTOP are the affording of additional rights to conservancies to managetourism in partnership with MET and the private sector, and the finalisation of the MET concession policywhereby conservancies must be involved in the ownership, management and benefit from all natural resourcebased activities. NACOMA can assist promising pilot projects with targeted investments.• The Plan has many aims in common with NACOMA, including the need to distribute biodiversity-basedopportunities to local communities. NACOMA can make use of this plan, especially when it comes to selectingtargeted investments. Capacity built in terms of planning will strengthen the implementation of the Plan.• This market research can provide a framework against which to evaluate the feasibility of proposed targetinvestments for NACOMA support.40
NACOMA Project - Preparation phaseRapid Assessment of the Development Plans, Biodiversity Conservation Projects and Socio-Economic Situation of the Namib Coastal RegionsConclusions1. Future growth is expected in the tourism, fishing (including mariculture) and industrial sectors.Tourism is perceived by all four regions as a key sector for future development, targeting cultural aswell as natural attractions. These future developments highlight the need to ensure that land useplanning capacity is built in the Regional Councils and that appropriate policies and regulationsare in place for these economic activities that protect the region’s biological and cultural diversity.The legal <strong>report</strong> has concluded that economic activities related legislation (such as mining, tourism,aquaculture) makes insufficient provision for sound environmental management and conservation ofbiodiversity. Clear zoning is required to guide development decisions according to the region’svarying sensitivity and potential.2. All RDPs acknowledge the imperative to promote fairer benefit sharing from tourism, mining andfishing and support the involvement of communities in the use of coastal resources. However,mechanisms to do so are largely lacking. Positive developments in this respect will depend onprogressive legal frameworks, including concession and other rights that are friendly to the peoplein the four coastal regions, and that can be supported by the NACOMA Project.3. The process used to develop RDPs and their statutory power needs to be revised to ensure that theirpotential as key instruments to guide development planning in the regions is tapped. The currentRDPs can nevertheless provide useful indications in terms of socio-economic trends in the regionand resulting opportunities that can be supported by NACOMA. Furthermore, the NACOMA Projectwill progressively build capacity in the regions and line ministries so that the next RDP exercise canbe truly participatory and useful.4. The different structural and sectoral plans are poorly interlinked yet they also provide usefulinformation that the NACOMA Project can build on. Examples are the Hardap TourismDevelopment Plan, which preparation followed a participatory process to reflect the views of thedifferent stakeholders in the Hardap Region, and that can thus guide targeted investments in theregion.5. THREATS TO BIODIVERSITY AND ROOT CAUSES5.1. Threats and potential interventionsThis section provides an analysis of the threats and potential interventions in biodiversity hotspots alongthe coast of Namibia in light of potential socio-economic impacts resulting from current and expecteddevelopments (Section 4) in the biodiversity conservation structure in place (Section 3).While the coastal areas of Namibia are still relatively pristine, the downscaling of mining anddevelopment of alternative livelihoods, rapid urbanisation and industrial development will in the futureinfluence the environmental and socio-economic features of the coast. The pursuit of unsuitableeconomic activities in important biodiversity sites – either due to weak enforcement or inappropriateplanning and zoning – may also have negative impacts on the coastal zone. At the same time, theproclamation or upgrading of protected areas and consequent strengthening of the TFCA can provideopportunities to mitigate impacts and tie coastal zone management and biodiversity conservation tolocal economic development.Activities taking place along the coast that may impact on the coastal and marine environment and,consequently, on the coastal population, include growing settlements, mining, fish processing, saltrefining and other industries, port authorities in Walvis Bay and Lüderitz, oil exploration activities inoffshore waters, uncontrolled fishing and aquaculture, uncontrolled tourism, and unplanned agriculture41
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