Evaluation Study MSE Cluster Development - Ministry of Micro ...

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Chapter No:2 – The General Profile of Sampled Clusters2.4 Nature of the Sampled ClustersThe units in each cluster we have sampled are likely to be independent units cateringentirely to the internal local or national market. They could also be purely ancillary unitswho supply their output to other firms who use these as essential intermediate inputs intheir production process. The units could also be primarily export-oriented units onlycatering to international demand. Moreover the units in a cluster could be a mix of allthree types.In Table 2.5 we see that of the 9 sampled clusters in the PGBC as many as 8 consist ofpredominantly independent units catering to the internal market, however there are 5clusters in this group wherein they produce for the export market as well. It is also seenthat they are mostly involved in the production of final products and do not act asancillaries for larger firms.Table No.-2.5: TYPES OF UNITS IN THE SAMPLED CLUSTERSPredominant Type ofUnits in the SampledClusterPrimary GoodsBased ClustersSecondaryGoods BasedClustersTotalSampledClustersIndependent Units 8 12 20Ancillary Units - 2 2Export Oriented Units 5 2 7It is also seen that of the 13 sampled clusters in the SGBC there is a predominance ofindependent units in 12 clusters. Only two of the sampled clusters in this group containancillary and export units. It is interesting to note that contrary to common belief, theunits in most clusters are independent units producing finished products for the market.The degree of ancillarisation is low and this reflects that they have maintainedthemselves as independent entities enjoying a level of autonomy not common amongsmall enterprises the world over. The low level of export orientation that the units inmost clusters display is mainly on account of two reasons. The first reason is theprotected and insulated existence of Indian Industry in general and SMIs in particularduring the post independence and pre liberalization period (from 1951 to 1991). Thesecond reason is the existence of a large and growing internal market which is rapidlyopening up and which many in the world are more than eager to exploit.However it is important to mention here that both ancillarisation and export orientationamong the units in the sampled clusters are likely to increase rapidly as Indian Industriescompete in the world markets as a result of economic reforms, liberalization andglobalization. These trends are likely to have a wide-ranging set of implications for theCluster Development Programme and special efforts would be required to facilitate theenhancement of the export capabilities of these cluster units and equip them toeffectively compete and survive in the globalised world market.36
Chapter No:2 – The General Profile of Sampled Clusters2.5 Input Profile of Sampled ClustersThe availability of and the access to raw materials and other intermediate inputs is animportant concern in sustaining the activities of individual units in a cluster. It istherefore not only important to examine the current input profile of the sampled clustersbut also to anticipate the likely constraints that may be faced by the units in the mediumand long term. A clear temporal perspective regarding the availability of the requiredraw materials and other inputs particularly helps in planning for alternate inputs andtechnologies, as well as timely diversification. The development of such a long-termstrategy, which comprehensively takes into account future constraints, is most essentialfor the very survival and sustainability of the cluster and its constituents.Table 2.6 highlights the responses of cluster leaders and key cluster functionariesregarding their perception of raw material availability in the sampled clusters coveredunder this study. The table incorporates the cluster specific responses on currentavailability as well as that which is perceived in the medium and long term.For the first group of 9 Primary Goods Based Clusters it is reported by two clustersnamely the Bamboo Cluster in Dimapur as well as the Rice Milling Cluster in Karnal thatcurrently, there is an abundant availability of raw materials. The remaining sevenclusters in this group report an adequate current availability of raw material. For themedium term also, the profile of availability remains unchanged across the sampledclusters. However in the long term a shortage of raw materials is anticipated in the caseof two specific clusters in the group namely the Leather Goods Cluster in Agra, and theRice Milling Cluster in Kallady, (Kerala).Turning to the Secondary Goods Based Clusters in our sample, the majority of theclusters report that access and availability of required inputs is not only adequate in thecurrent context but is likely to remain so in both the medium and long term. However inthe case of three specific clusters in this group it is reported that while there areshortages of inputs in the current period they anticipate the shortages to continue in themedium and long term as well.37
Page 1 and 2: EVALUATION STUDY OF MICRO & SMALLEN
Page 3 and 4: 2.12 PROGRESS AND PRESENT STATUS OF
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Chapter No: 4 - Soft Interventions
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Chapter No: 4 - Soft Interventions
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Chapter No: 5- The Special Purpose
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Chapter No: 6 - Hard Interventions
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Chapter No: 7 - Conclusions nd Reco
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