Nutrition and Oral Medicine (Nutrition and Health)

154Table 2 (Continued)Botanical SupplementsSupplement General use(s) Oral use(s) Concerns Additional reference(s)*Feverfew Migraine headaches, If leaves are chewed, may cause mouth ulcers, (53)menstrual symptoms,sore tongue, swollen lips, and taste changes;inflammationmay interfere with blood clotting; avoid withuse of aspirin, NSAIDS; may cause allergicreactions in individuals sensitive to membersof the Asteraceae (daisy) familyGarlic Cardiovascular disease Inflammation of oral mucosa, Additive effects with anticoagulant agents; (49,55,56)(decrease blood pressure or aqueous extract for the halitosis unless using “odorless”and LDL cholesterol) treatment and prevention of preparationsoral candidiasisGinger Nausea or vomiting Antiemetic; stimulates saliva Inhibits platelet aggregation (57)and gastric juicesGinkgo Increases peripheral and Inhibits platelet aggregation; discontinue (49)biloba cerebral circulation at least 36 h prior to surgeryGinseng, General tonic, stimulant, Interferes with platelet aggregation and possibly (49,53)Panax improve stress with other stimulants; may decrease bloodresistanceglucose levels in type 2 diabetes; avoiduse with estrogens or corticosteroidsGoldenseal Anti-inflammatory May increase saliva production; mouth (58)and throat irritations in high dosesGreen Tea Cancer prevention Oral and esophageal cancer Additional research needed (59,60)prevention; reduce risk ofdental caries154 Part III / Nutrition and Oral Health