104mass<strong>water</strong>in=massfuel*mwpmf;% Total mass <strong>of</strong> <strong>water</strong> <strong>injection</strong>massT=massTold+mass<strong>water</strong>in;[h,u,v,s,Y,cp,dlvlT,dlvlp]=ecpw(Xold,p,Tb,phi,fueltype,airscheme);MW=sum(Y.*M);R=Ru/MW;cv=cp-R;V=v*massTold;%sum<strong>water</strong>inject=sum(WY)Tin=Tv-273.15;Nin=eps1*phi*X;Nt=sum(Y)+Nin;Vexhaust=Ru*Tb/patm;V<strong>water</strong>=Ru*Tv*eps1*phi*X/(Pr*patm);Vt=Vexhaust+V<strong>water</strong>;%The final <strong>temperature</strong> <strong>of</strong> the <strong>mixture</strong> is determined to beTm=(-mass<strong>water</strong>in*XSteam('Cp_pT',Pr*patm,Tin)*1000*Tin+massTold*cv*Tb)/(massTold*cv-(mass<strong>water</strong>in*XSteam('Cp_pT',Pr*patm,Tin)*1000*(1/274.15)));Tchange=Tm-Tb;Tb=Tm;%The final pressure <strong>of</strong> the <strong>mixture</strong> is determined to bePm=Nt*Ru*Tm/Vt;Pchange=Pm-patm;patm=Pm;p=patm*101.325e3;% mass in cylinder accounting for blowby:mass=(massT)*exp(-Cblowby*(theta-theta1)/omega);% volume <strong>of</strong> cylinder:V=Vtdc*(1+(r-1)/2*(1-cos(theta)+1/eps*(1-(1-eps^2*sin(theta).^2).^0.5)));% derivate <strong>of</strong> volume:dVdtheta=Vtdc*(r-1)/2*(sin(theta)+eps/2*sin(2*theta)./sqrt(1-eps^2*sin(theta).^2));% mass fraction burned and derivative:switch heattransferlawcase 'constant'hcoeff=hcb;case 'Woschni'upmean=omega*stroke/pi; % mean piston velocityC1=2.28;C2=3.24e-3;Vs=Vbdc-Vtdc;k=1.3;pm=p1*(V1/V)^k; % motoring pressurehcoeff=hcb*130*b^(-0.2)*Tb^(-0.53)*(p/100e3)^(0.8)* ...(C1*upmean+C2*Vs*T1/p1/V1*(p-pm))^(0.8);end[h,u,v,s,Y,cp,dlvlT,dlvlp]=ecpw(X,p,Tb,phi,fueltype,airscheme);
105MW=sum(Y.*M);R=Ru/MW;cv=cp-R;Qconv1=hcoeff*(pi*b^2/2+4*V/b)*(y(2)-Tw);Qconv2=hcoeff*(pi*b^2/2+4*V/b)*(Tv-Tw);Const1=1/omega/mass;yprime(3)=p*dVdtheta;yprime(4)=Const1*mass*(Qconv1-Qconv2);yprime(5)=Cblowby*mass/omega*h;Uchangeptheta=-yprime(4)-yprime(3)-yprime(5)-Cblowby*mass<strong>water</strong>in*XSteam('h_pT',Pr*patm,Tin)*1000/omega;yprime(2)=Uchangeptheta/(mass*cv);yprime(1)=yprime(2)/Tb-p*dVdtheta/V;% Two-zone Thermodynamic Modelload('ecpdata','dlvlTb','dlvlpb','cpb','Rb','ub','vb');load('Wdata','dlvlTw','dlvlpw');% mass <strong>of</strong> <strong>water</strong>di=thetaWa*180/pi;m<strong>water</strong>T=eps1*phi*Xv*18.05/di;mwpmf=m<strong>water</strong>T/mfuel;mass<strong>water</strong>T=massfuel*mwpmf;RW=Ru/18.05;QconvW=hcoeff*(pi*b^2/2+4*V/b)*(Tw-Tv);% heat lossQconvb=hcoeff*(pi*b^2/2+4*V/b)*(Tw-y(2));% heat lossvw=XSteam('v_pT',Pr*patm,Tin); % Specific volume <strong>of</strong> <strong>water</strong>cpw=XSteam('Cp_pT',Pr*patm,Tin)*1000*(1/274.15); % Specific isobaric heatcapacity <strong>of</strong> <strong>water</strong>uw=XSteam('u_pT',Pr*patm,Tin)*1000; % Specific internal energy <strong>of</strong> <strong>water</strong>hw=XSteam('h_pT',Pr*patm,Tin)*1000; % Specific enthapy <strong>of</strong> <strong>water</strong>% Equally VolumeRPW=0;%0.1*yprime(1)*omega;TemW1V=Tv*RPW*((1-(dlvlTw+dlvlpw)))/(Pr*patm*101.325*1000)+QconvW/(mass<strong>water</strong>T*RW);TemW2V=(1+(cpw/RW-dlvlTw));RTWV=TemW1V/TemW2V;MasB1V=Qconvb;MasB2V=(y(1)+Pr*patm*101.325*1000)*V*((cpb/Rb-dlvlTb)+(dlvlTb+dlvlpb));MasB3V=ub-uw-RW*Tv-(cpb*y(2)-(y(1)+Pr*patm*101.325*1000)*vb*dlvlTb)+(p)*vw*((cpb/RbdlvlTb)+(dlvlTb+dlvlpb));RMBV=(MasB1V+MasB2V)/MasB3V;RPWV=0;RPBV=yprime(1)*omega;%dVdtheta*omegaTemB1V=RMBV*(hw-ub)+Qconvb-V*RPBV*(dlvlTb+dlvlpb);TemB2V=mass1*cpb-mass1*Rb*dlvlTb;RTBV=TemB1V/TemB2V;
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ANALYSIS OF WATER INJECTION INTO HI
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Thesis CertificateThe Graduate Coll
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ชื่อ : นายปรม
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TABLE OF CONTENTSPageAbstract (in E
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LIST OF TABLESTablePage3-1 Solution
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LIST OF FIGURES (CONTINUED)FigurePa
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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS, SYMBOLS AND
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CHAPTER 1INTRODUCTION1.1 Background
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31.6.6 Water injected is assumed to
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6for these working fluid models can
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CHAPTER 3METHODOLOGY FOR ANALYSIS O
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11perform the necessary calculation
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13h b P T w−0.2 0.8 −0.55 0.8=
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15the procedure required Nitrogen(
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171N22 NEq.3-461 1O+2N2 NOEq.3-472
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19∂y1 cy ∂y1 cy ∂y 1 c ∂y 1
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211/2( cy )∂y ∂∂c ∂y∂T
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23[ A][ ∂y/ ∂ P] + [ ∂f / ∂
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25⎛ • • •ln ln ⎞⎛⎞( )
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27( θ= −π)θ>θ bθ>θ W( θ=π
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CHAPTER 4RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONThis
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31FIGURE 4-1 Comparison of an actua
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33FIGURE 4-4 Schematic of the port
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35Temperature (K)250023002100190017
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37cylinder temperature. So, a more
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39Thermal efficiency (%)43424140393
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41Theoretically, the high useful co
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43Thermal efficiency (%)46454443424
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45injection-fuel ratio increases gr
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47Thermal efficiency (%)44434241403
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49When considering relative tempera
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51Temperature (K)240021001800150012
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53When considering relative tempera
- Page 68 and 69: 55Temperature (K)220019001600130010
- Page 70 and 71: CHAPTER 5CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTION
- Page 72 and 73: REFERENCES1. Ricardo, H.R. The High
- Page 74: APPENDIX ADerivative equations of i
- Page 78 and 79: 64TABLE A-3 Curve fit coefficients
- Page 80 and 81: 66TABLE A-5 Curve fit coefficients
- Page 82 and 83: 68The following is the derivative v
- Page 84 and 85: 70From the definition of entropyh =
- Page 86 and 87: 72• ⎛ ⎞ • ⎛Tb∂u •b∂
- Page 88 and 89: 74• ⎛1 ⎞ •∂u ⎛∂ ∂
- Page 90 and 91: 76⎛ • • •ln ln ⎞⎛⎞( )
- Page 92 and 93: 78The following is the derivative v
- Page 94 and 95: 80From the definition of entropy h
- Page 96 and 97: 82• ⎛ Tb u ⎞ • • ⎛bmTb
- Page 98 and 99: 84• ⎛1 ⎞ • •∂u ⎛ ⎞
- Page 100 and 101: 86• • • ⎛ u ⎞bmb( hW ub)
- Page 102 and 103: 88Appendix D MATLAB program scripts
- Page 104 and 105: 90[thetawater,pTbWQlHl2]=ode45('Rat
- Page 106 and 107: 92-0.69353550E-14 -0.14245228E+05 0
- Page 108 and 109: 940.21*(1-phi) 0 0]';dcdT=0;else %
- Page 110 and 111: 96dfdp=zeros(4,1);dYdT=zeros(11,1);
- Page 112 and 113: 98dcdT(1)=-dKdT(1)*sqrt(patm)/K(1)^
- Page 114 and 115: 100Iter=Iter+1;[hb,u,v,s,Y,cp,dlvlT
- Page 116 and 117: 102yprime(2)=-Const1/cpb/x*Qconvb+v
- Page 120 and 121: 106savefile = 'Volume.mat';RTWV=RTW
- Page 122 and 123: 108p=pTarray(:,1);T=pTarray(:,2);hc
- Page 124 and 125: 110gamma_der_tautau = 0;for i = 1 :