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REFERENCES1. Ricardo, H.R. The High Speed Internal Combustion Engine. 4 th ed. London :Blackie and Son Ltd., 1953.2. Nicholls, J.E., Messiri, I.A. and Newhall, H.K. “Inlet Manifold Water InjectionFor control of Nitrogen Oxides-Theory and Experiments.” SAE TechnicalPaper Series 690018. [Serial online] 2008 [cited 2008 Aug 1]. Availablefrom : URL : http://www.aquamist.co.uk/dc/reference/refer.html.3. Tsao, K.C. and Wang, C.L. “Performance of Gasoline-Water Fuel in a Modified SIEngine.” SAE Technical Paper Series 841399. [Serial online] 1996 [cited2008 Sep 1]. Available from : URL : http://www.aquamist.co.uk/dc/refer.html.4. Satpov, E.B., et al. “Effect of Water in Fuel on the performance of SI Engine.”Research Center for Combustion Engines and Machinery. [Serial online]2008. [cited 2008 Oct 1]. Available from : http://www.wtz.de/5DGMK/Effect_of_water_Injection_on_the_performance_of_a_SI_gas_engine.htm.5. Lanzafame, R. “Water Injection Effects In A Single-Cylinder CFR Engine.” SAETechnical Paper Series 1999-01-0568. [Serial online] 2008 [cited 2008Sep 1]. Available from : URL : http://www.not2fast.com/thermo/Water_injection/1999-01-0568.pdf.6. Ferguson, C.R. Internal Combustion Engines, Applied Thermosciences. 2 nd ed.New York : John Wiley and Sons, 1986.7. Heywood, J.B. Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals. New York : McGrawHill, 1988.8. Olikara, C. and Borman, G.L. “A Computer Program for Calculating Properties ofequilibrium Combustion Products with Some Applications to I.C. Engines.”SAE Technical Paper Series 750468. [Serial online] 2008 [cited 2008 Aug1]. Available from : URL : http://www.sae.org/technical/papers/750468.9. Gordon, S. and McBride, B. “Computer Program for Calculation of ComplexChemical Equilibrium Compositions and Applications.” NASA RP-1311.[Serial online] 2008 [cited 2008 Aug 1]. http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19960044559_1996070396.pdf10. Cengel, Y.A. and Boles, M.A. Thermodynamics An Engineering Approach.4 th ed. New York : McGraw-Hill, 2001.11. Lewis, G. N. and Randall, M. Thermodynamics. New York : McGraw-Hill,1961.12. Turns, S.R. An Introduction to Combustion, Concepts and Applications. 2 nd edNew York : McGraw-Hill, 1996.13. Stull, D.R. and Prophet, H. JANAF Thermochemical Tables. Washington :U.S National Bureau of Standards Publications, 1971.14. Gordon, S. and McBride, B. “Computer Program for Calculation of ComplexChemical Equilibrium Compositions, Rocket Performance Incident andReflected Shocks and Chapman-Jouguet Detonations.” NASA SP-273.[Serial online] 2008 [cited 2008 Aug 1]. Available from : URL : http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19780009781_1978009781.pdf
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ANALYSIS OF WATER INJECTION INTO HI
Page 3 and 4:
Thesis CertificateThe Graduate Coll
Page 5 and 6:
ชื่อ : นายปรม
Page 7 and 8:
TABLE OF CONTENTSPageAbstract (in E
Page 9 and 10:
LIST OF TABLESTablePage3-1 Solution
Page 11 and 12:
LIST OF FIGURES (CONTINUED)FigurePa
Page 13 and 14:
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS, SYMBOLS AND
Page 15 and 16:
CHAPTER 1INTRODUCTION1.1 Background
Page 17 and 18:
31.6.6 Water injected is assumed to
Page 19 and 20:
6for these working fluid models can
Page 22 and 23: CHAPTER 3METHODOLOGY FOR ANALYSIS O
Page 24 and 25: 11perform the necessary calculation
Page 26 and 27: 13h b P T w−0.2 0.8 −0.55 0.8=
Page 28 and 29: 15the procedure required Nitrogen(
Page 30 and 31: 171N22 NEq.3-461 1O+2N2 NOEq.3-472
Page 32 and 33: 19∂y1 cy ∂y1 cy ∂y 1 c ∂y 1
Page 34 and 35: 211/2( cy )∂y ∂∂c ∂y∂T
Page 36 and 37: 23[ A][ ∂y/ ∂ P] + [ ∂f / ∂
Page 38 and 39: 25⎛ • • •ln ln ⎞⎛⎞( )
Page 40 and 41: 27( θ= −π)θ>θ bθ>θ W( θ=π
Page 42 and 43: CHAPTER 4RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONThis
Page 44 and 45: 31FIGURE 4-1 Comparison of an actua
Page 46 and 47: 33FIGURE 4-4 Schematic of the port
Page 48 and 49: 35Temperature (K)250023002100190017
Page 50 and 51: 37cylinder temperature. So, a more
Page 52 and 53: 39Thermal efficiency (%)43424140393
Page 54 and 55: 41Theoretically, the high useful co
Page 58 and 59: 45injection-fuel ratio increases gr
Page 62 and 63: 49When considering relative tempera
Page 66 and 67: 53When considering relative tempera
Page 70 and 71: CHAPTER 5CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTION
Page 74: APPENDIX ADerivative equations of i
Page 78 and 79: 64TABLE A-3 Curve fit coefficients
Page 80 and 81: 66TABLE A-5 Curve fit coefficients
Page 82 and 83: 68The following is the derivative v
Page 84 and 85: 70From the definition of entropyh =
Page 86 and 87: 72• ⎛ ⎞ • ⎛Tb∂u •b∂
Page 88 and 89: 74• ⎛1 ⎞ •∂u ⎛∂ ∂
Page 90 and 91: 76⎛ • • •ln ln ⎞⎛⎞( )
Page 92 and 93: 78The following is the derivative v
Page 94 and 95: 80From the definition of entropy h
Page 96 and 97: 82• ⎛ Tb u ⎞ • • ⎛bmTb
Page 98 and 99: 84• ⎛1 ⎞ • •∂u ⎛ ⎞
Page 100 and 101: 86• • • ⎛ u ⎞bmb( hW ub)
Page 102 and 103: 88Appendix D MATLAB program scripts
Page 104 and 105: 90[thetawater,pTbWQlHl2]=ode45('Rat
Page 106 and 107: 92-0.69353550E-14 -0.14245228E+05 0
Page 108 and 109: 940.21*(1-phi) 0 0]';dcdT=0;else %
Page 110 and 111: 96dfdp=zeros(4,1);dYdT=zeros(11,1);
Page 112 and 113: 98dcdT(1)=-dKdT(1)*sqrt(patm)/K(1)^
Page 114 and 115: 100Iter=Iter+1;[hb,u,v,s,Y,cp,dlvlT
Page 116 and 117: 102yprime(2)=-Const1/cpb/x*Qconvb+v
Page 118 and 119: 104masswaterin=massfuel*mwpmf;% Tot
Page 120 and 121: 106savefile = 'Volume.mat';RTWV=RTW
Page 122 and 123:
108p=pTarray(:,1);T=pTarray(:,2);hc
Page 124 and 125:
110gamma_der_tautau = 0;for i = 1 :
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