Proper Names in the Light of Theoretical Onomastics

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118 Vincent Blanárcharacter. These features constitute the content component (more precisely,semantic component) of an onymic sign. Content abstractions at ahigher level are equal in some aspects in ethnic communities which livedin similar economic and social conditions. While the content componentof the naming model is created by general naming principles, the proprialnomination itself is based on the rules of a given language (indeed, in theproprial sphere, their usage is quite specific). Content models, usually ofa pragmatic character, relate to a concrete naming situation and onymyof a particular language by way of a motivational model. The link betweenthe content and the word-forming model is the motivation model.In respect of expanding naming needs and various situations and also thefunctioning of onymic objects in social contacts, the motivations of propernames in individual classes are considerably varied but it is possible todetermine certain typical situations. For example, the naming motifs of officialpersonal names originate from more or less well-established sets (officialinventories); this refers to the so-called “ baptism” in a broad sense.In unofficial personal naming, living naming motifs are applied: the individualphysical or mental characteristics of a person, his or her interests,job, origin, address, etc. (in Central Slovakia we have identified more than20 different naming motifs – see Blanár / Matejčík I / 1, 1978). Toponymicmotivation models consist of features which are typical of a character orpragmatic aspect of geographical names; these are mainly location, thedescription of an object, ownership, membership, celebratory, a memorialfeature and a residential feature (Majtán 1996, 10 –11). These motivatingfeatures refer to the origin of a toponymy in a certain situation. As far asthe motivator is concerned, logonyms as part of chrematonyms are interesting.Usually, their naming motif is a circumstance related to the area ofactivity of a firm or the name of its owner (Imrichová 2002, 91).A word-forming model is defined as “a word-forming pattern for alingual depiction of the act of naming ” (Šrámek 1972, 1976). In proprialnomination in the word-forming model, the word-forming procedures ofa language are used in accordance with the naming rules of a respectiveonymic sphere which have their local, time and frequency dimensions.The area distribution and social determination of word-forming modelsare mainly characteristic of toponymy and the group of living personalnames. In the word-forming model, anthropobasis and anthropoformantare distinguished. In an act of communication, the anthroponymic wordformingmodel acquires its respective language form and this is what is
Proper Names In the Light of Theoretical Onomastics119known as a word-forming type. The first part of the word-forming typeis its word class characteristic; in the second part, anthropoformants aregiven explicitly (Šrámek 1999; Pleskalová 1976, 1992; Blanár 1978, 1996).The characteristic of formal aspects of living names can be intensifiedby distinguishing relations of equality (a name is a substantive in nom.,sing.) and subordinacy (the function component is a possessive adjectiveor localisation with preposition) of functional components in the syntacticmodel (Jozefovič 2006, 65).I described the technique of modelling in anthroponymy in the monographLiving Personal Names in Central Slovakia I / 1, 1978. In the modelclassi fication, two aspects of anthroponymic nomination are combinedwith graphical symbols. The content models are classified by functionalcomponents (Christian name, surname, individual characteristic, byname,living family name, house name); functional components are determinedon the basis of a hierarchical set of onymic features (which form designation,onymic semantic). On the symbols of individual functional components,motifs are indicated by generalising exponents (figures, lowercase). Hence, the content and motivation model are integrated in a graphicalsymbol (see chapters 2. 2 – 2. 4). For example:Jano Ráztočan K + CH p / RMDTetka Eva od Zubajov-aunt Eva from the Zubajs A – K + MD 1= PLegend: / means “functional component used as…”= means “identical with…”.In “The Theory of Proper Names ” (1996) I outlined rules for describingword-forming models and types for the classification of anthroponyms.A deeper understanding of systems of personal names and, in particular,computer processing of extensive material will be required to enhancethe technique of model classification. In one living name several namingmodels are usually combined; these are defined as naming types. A systemof living names consists of various naming types and models.A naming type for living personal names:Milan StrmeňHorár-forester Strmeň CH z /RMD + P=RMD(how to decipher the record: individual characteristic is also used as a living familyname and a name of a house + surname which can also be used as a living familyname and a name of a house)
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Page 8 and 9: 96 Vincent Blanáror not reference
Page 10 and 11: 98 Vincent Blanárimportant in prac
Page 12 and 13: 100 Vincent Blanárcial needs to co
Page 14 and 15: 102 Vincent BlanárThe name is a se
Page 16 and 17: 104 Vincent Blanárand communicativ
Page 18 and 19: 106 Vincent Blanártion) as the sec
Page 20 and 21: 108 Vincent Blanárkurča (chicken)
Page 22 and 23: 110 Vincent Blanárpapers and magaz
Page 24 and 25: 112 Vincent Blanárserves as the so
Page 26 and 27: 114 Vincent Blanármarkably. Specif
Page 28 and 29: 116 Vincent Blanáracteristic, nick
Page 32 and 33: 120 Vincent Blanárword-forming mod
Page 34 and 35: 122 Vincent Blanáring point is fou
Page 36 and 37: 124 Vincent Blanárhereditary perso
Page 38 and 39: 126 Vincent Blanárexample: a + B;
Page 40 and 41: 128 Vincent Blanárer) is familiar
Page 42 and 43: 130 Vincent Blanárcommunicative va
Page 44 and 45: 132 Vincent Blanárropean names was
Page 46 and 47: 134 Vincent Blanárhave found four
Page 48 and 49: 136 Vincent BlanárThe frequency da
Page 50 and 51: 138 Vincent BlanárJust as generic
Page 52 and 53: 140 Vincent Blanárthe surnames pro
Page 54 and 55: 142 Vincent Blanárconditions provi
Page 56 and 57: 144 Vincent Blanárand plural is, b
Page 58 and 59: 146 Vincent Blanárfact that these
Page 60 and 61: 148 Vincent BlanárThe concept unde
Page 62 and 63: 150 Vincent BlanárThe frequency of
Page 64 and 65: 152 Vincent BlanárReferencesBeleň
Page 66 and 67: 154 Vincent BlanárDolník, Juraj,
Page 68 and 69: 156 Vincent BlanárPaikkala, Sirrka

Proper Names in the Light of Theoretical Onomastics

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