iAPX 286 Operating System Writers Guide 1983

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interALABAMAtA.rrow ElectroniCs, Inc.3611 Memorial Parkway So.HuntSVille 35405Tel: (205) 882·2730tHamHton/Avnet ElectroniCs4812 Commercial Drive N.W.Huntsville 35805Tef: (205) 837·7210TWX: 810·726·2162tPioneer/HuntSVll1e1207 Putnam Drive N.W.Huntsville 35805Tel: (2051837·9300TWX: 810..72&.2197ARIZONAtHamlltonJAvnet Electronics505 S. Medllon DriveTempe 85281Tel: 16021231-5140TWX: 910-950·0077tWyle Distribution Group8155 N. 24th StreetPhoenix 85021Tel: 16021249-2232TWX: 910-951-4282CAUFORNIAtArrow Electronics. inc.521 Weddell DriveSunnyvale 94086Tel: (4081745-6600TWX: 910·339·9371fArrow Electronics, Inc.19748 Dearborn StreetChatsworth 91311Tel: (213) 701-7500TWX: 910·493-2086tHamllton/Avnet Electronics350 McCormick AvenueCosta Mesa 92626Tel: (714)754·6051TWX: 910-595·1928tHamlllonfAvnel Electronics19515 So. Vermont AvenueTorrance 90502Tel: (213) 615-3909TWX: 910-349-6263tHamliton/Avnet Electronics1175 Bordeaux DriveSunnyvale 94086Tel: (408) 743-3300TWX: 910-339-9332tHamllton/Avnet Electronics4545 Viewridge AvenueSan Diego 92123Tel: (714) 641-4109TWX: 910-595-2638tHamiltOnJAvnet Electronics10912 W. WaShington BoulevardCulver City 90230Tel: (213) 558-2456TWX: 910-340-6364tHamiiton/Avnet Electronics21050 Erwin StreetWoodland Hills 91367Tel: (213) 883·0000TWX: 910-494-2207tHamiltOn Electro Sales3170 Pullman StreetCosta Mesa 92626Tel: {7141641-4109TWX: 910·595·2638tHamiton/Avnet Electronics4103 NOrttlgate BoulevardSacramento 95834Tel: (916) 920-3150Kierullf Electronics, Inc.3969 E. Bayshore RoadPalo Alto 94303Tel: (415) 968·6292TWX: 910-379-6430Kierulff Electronics, Inc.14101 Franklin AvenueTustin 92680Tel: (714) 731-5711TWX: 910-595-2599Klerulff Electronics, Inc.2585 Commerce WayLos Angeles 90040Tel: (213) 725-0325TWX: 910-580-3666tWyIe Distribution Group124 Maryland StreetEI SegundO 90245Tel: (213) 322·8100TWX: 910·348·7140 or 7111tWyle Distribution Group9525 Chesapeake DriveSan Diego 92123Tel: (714) 565-9171TWX: 910·335·1590tWyle Distribution Group3000 Bowers AvenueSanta Clara 95051Tel: (408) 727-2500TWX: 910-338-0451 or 045110tWyIe Distribution Group17872 Cowan AvenueIrvine 92714Tel: (714) 641·1800TWX: 910-595·1572COLORADOtWyle DistributIOn Group451 E. 124th AvenueThornton 80241Tel: (303) 457-9963TWX: 910-936-0770tHamilion/Avnet Electroncs8765 E. Orchard RoadSuite 708Englewood 80111Tel: (303) 740.1017TWX: 910-93S.()787CONNECTlCUTtArrow Electonics, Inc.12 Beaumont AoadWallingford 06492Tel: (203) 265-7741TWX: 710·220·1684tHamilton/Avnet Electronk:sCommerce Industrial ParkCommerce DriveDanbury 06810Tel: (203) 797-2800TWX: 710-456-9974tHaNey Electronics112 Main StreetNorwalk 06851Tel: (203) 853-1515TWX: 710-468-3373FLORIDAtArrow Electronics, Inc.1001 N.W. 62nd StreetSuite 108FI. Lauderdale 33309Tel: (305) 776-7790TWX: 510-955-9456tArrow Electronics, Inc.50 Woodlake Drive W.Bldg. BPalm Bay 32905Tel: (305) 725·1480TWX: 510-959-6337tHamilton/Avnet Electronics6801 N.w. 15th WayFt. Lauderdale 33309Tel: (305) 971-2900TWX: 510-956-3097tHamiltonfAvnet Electronics3197 Tech. Drive NorthSI. PeterSbl,lrg 33702Tel: (813) 576-3930TWX: 810-863-0374tPioneerfOrlando6220 S. Orange Blossom TrailSuite 412Orlando 32809Tel: (305) 859-3600TWX: 810-850-0177tPioneerfFt. Lauderdale1500 62nd Street N.W.Suite 506FI. Lauderdale 33309Tel: (305) 171-7520TWX: 510-955-9653GEORGIAtArrow Electronics, Inc.2979 Pacific DriveNorcross 30071Tel: (404) 449·8252TWX: 810-766·0439tHemilton/Avnet Electronics5825 D. Peact1tree ComersNorcross 30092Tel: (404) 447-7500TWX: 810-766-0432tPioneerlGeorgla5835B Peachtree Corners ENbrcross 30092Tel: (404) 448-1711TWX: 810-766-4515ILLINOIStArrow Electronics, Inc.2000 E. Alonquin StreetSchaumberg 60195Tel: (312)397-3440TWX: 910-291·3544tHamilton/Avnet Electronics1130 Thorndale AvenueBensenville 60108Tel: (312) B60-n80TWX: 910-227..Q060tPioneer/Chicago1551 Carmen DriveElk Grove Village 60007Tel: (312)437-9680TWX: 910-262·1182u.s. DISTRIBUTORSINDIANAtArrow Electroruc., Inc.271. Rand RoadtndilNlpoli' 48241(3'7)243-....TWX: "0-34'-31"tHIImiltonIAvnet ElectroniC.485 Grlldle Ori¥eCarmel 48032Tel: (317) 844·9333TWX: "0.280-3968tPiOneer/lndiana6408Ca,tIeJIIICe Dri ....Indianapoli, 46250Tel: (317) 149-7300TWX: 8100zeo.l794ICANIAIItH.mlttonJAvnet SIctronICt1219QuIverIi RoadOverIInd Park 68215Te"(913) 888-8900TWX: 910.743-0005MAIIYUNDtHamilton/Avnet Electronics6822 OIk Hall LaneColumbia 21045ToI, (30') 995-3500TWX: 710-882-1881tMeaa TechnOlogy Corporation16021 Indusb1a1 DriveGaithersburg 20877Tel: (301) 948-4350TWX: 710-828-9702tPiOneer9100 Gaither RoadGaithersburg 20877Tel: (301) 948-0710TWX: 710-828-0545MAlBACHunnstHamliton/Avnet Electronics50 Tower Offiea ParkWobumOl801Tel: (617) 935·9700TWX: 710-393-0382tArrow ElectroniCS, Inc.1 Arrow DriveWoburn 01801Tel: (617) 933-8130. TWX: 710-393-6nOtHarvey/Boston44 Hartwell AvenueLexington 02173Tel: (tl17)8tI3-1200TWX: 710-326-661?MICHIQANtArrow Electronics, Inc.3810 Vr.rslty DriveAnn Arbor 481 04Tel: (313) 971·8220TWX: 810.223-6020'tPloneertMiChigan13485 StamfordUvonla 48150Tel: (313) 525-1800TWX: 810-242-3271tHamilton/Avnet Electronics32487 Schoolcraft RoadLivonia 48150Tel: (313) 522-4700TWX: 810-242-8775tHamiltofl/Avnet ElectfonlCs. 2215 29th Street S.E.Space A5Grand Rapids, 49508Tel: (616)243·8605TWX: 810.273-6921MINNESOTAtArrow Electronics, Inc.5230 W. 73rd StreetEdina 55435Tel: (612) 830-1800TWX: 910.578-3125tHamilton/Avnet Bectronlcs1 0300 Bran Road EastMinnetonka 55343Tel: (612) 932-0600TWX, (9'0) 576-2720Pioneer/Twin Cities10203 Bren Road EastMinnetonka 55343Tel: (612) 935-5444TWX: 910-576-2738MISSOURItArrow Electronics, Inc.2380 SchuetzSt. louis 63141Tel: (314)567-6888TWX: 910-764-6600tHamilton/Avnet Electronics13743 Shoreline CourtEarth City 63045Tel: (314) 344-1200TWX: 910-762-0684.._tArrOW ElectroniCs, Inc.,----TII' ManchnIer ___ 031031WX:710.22C).1114tArrow a.cwonlcl, Inc.PlMAId VIlIey AvenueMooretlOWn 0ID57Ttl: (215) 121-'100TWX: 711).897.Q829tArrow Ealctronlcl, Inc.215 __ Midland Avena. 071182Tel, (20') 7I7-HOOTWl,7,o-99t-22OIItArrow __ a.ctronlcl, 07006 Inc.2 tnduatrtal RoadTel, (20') 575-5300TWX: 710-8l8-220ItHamlttonlAvnet EIIctronICI1 KaystonI AvenueBIdg_36i=:I~=OOTWX: 710.940-0262tHarvey Electronics45 Route 48Pinebrook 07058Tel, (20') 575-35'0TWX: 710.734 .....tMTI Systems Sate.383 Route 48 WFairfield 07006Tel: (201) 227-5552NEW MEXICOtAiIIanc. EIectromcs Inc.11030 CochItI S.E.Albuquerque 87123Tel, (505) 292-3380TWX! 910.989-1151tHamllton/Amet Electronics.' 2524 __ Baylor Drive 87'06 S.E.Tel, (505) 785-'500TWX: __ 910.989-0814ORKtArrow Electronics, Inc.900 Broad Hollow RoadFarrrMngdlle 11735Tel, (5'8) 894-8800TWX: 510-224-6128tArrow EJectronlcs, InC.3000 South Winton RoadRochester 14623,Te"l7'8) 275-0300TWX: 510-2~788tArrow Electronics, Inc.UvC:":rL DrIveTel, (3'5) 852-'000TWX: 710.54&-0230tArrow Electronics, Inc.20 Oser AvenueHauppauge 11788Tel, (5'8) 23'-'000TWX: 510-227-8823tHamllton/Avnet EIectroniCI333 Metro ParkRocnester 14623Tel, (718) 475-9130TWX: 510-253-5470tHamliton/Avnet Electronics16 Corporate CIrcleE. SyrlCl.lse 13057Tel: (315) 437·2641TWX: 710-641~1580tHlmllton/Avnet Electronics5 HubDnveMefvllle, Long laland 11747TeI,(5'8)454_TWX: 51().224-616t5tHarvey ElectronicsP.O. Box 1208Btnghamton 13902Til, (807) 748-8211TWX: 510-252-0893tMicroeomputer System Techntcal Demonstrator Centers
interu.s. DISTRIBUTORSNEW YORK (C"nt.)tHarvey Electronics60 Crossways Park WestWoodbury, Long Island 11797Tel: (SIS) 921-8700TWX: 510-221·2184tHarveytAochester840 Fairport ParkFairport 14450Tel: (716) 381·7070TWX: 510·253·700'tMTI Systems Sales38 Harbor Park DrivePort Washington 11050Tel: (516) 62'·6200TWX: 510·223·0846NORTH CAROLINAtArrow Electronics, Inc.938 Burke StreetWinston-Salem 27101Tel: (919) 725-8711TWX: 510-S31-3169tArrow Electronics, Inc.3117 Poplarwood CourtSuite 123Raleign 27265Tel: (919)876-3132TWX: 510-928-1856tHamilton{Avnet Electronics28031nduslrial DriveRaleigh 27609Tel: (919) 829-8030TWX: 510-928-1836tPioneerfCarolina103 Industrial AvenueGreensboro 27406Tel: (919) 273-4441TWX: 510·925·1114OHIOtArrow Electronics, Inc7620 McEwen RoadCenterville 45459Tel: (513) 435·5563TWX: 810·459-1611tArrow Electronics, Inc,6238 Cochran AoadSolon 44139Tel: (216) 248·3990TWX: 810·427-9409tHamilton/Avnet ElectroniCS954 Senate DriveDayton 45459Tef: (513) 433·0610TWX: 810·450-2531tHamiltonfAvnet Electronics4588 Emery Industrial ParkwayWarrensvillE' Heights 44128Tel: (216) 831·3500TWX: 810-427·9452tPioneer/Dayton4433 Interpoiot BoulevardDayton 45424Tel: (513) 236-9900TWX: 810·459·1622tPioneer/Cfeveland4800 E. 131st StroetCleveland 44105Tel: (216) 587-3600TWX: 810·422·221 tOKLAHOMAtArrow ElectroOlcs. Inc4719 S. Memorial DflvoTulsa 74145Tel: (918) 665·7700OREGONt Almac Electronics Corporation8022 S.w. Nimbus. Bldg. 7Beaverton 97005Tel: (503) 641·9070TWX: 910-467·8743tHamiftonfAvnet Electronics6024 SW. Jean RoadBldg. C. Suite 10~:~~5~j;~~.~~:4TWX: 910-455·8179PENNSYLVANIAtArrow Electronics, Inc.650 Seco RoadMonroeville 15146Tel: (412) 856·7000tPioneer/Pinsburgh259 Kappa DrIvePittSburgh 15238Tel: (412) 782·2300TWX: 710·795-3122tPioneer/Oelaware Valley261 Gibralter RoadHorsham 19044Tel: (215) 674-4000TWX: 510·665-6778TEXAStArrow ElectroniCs, Inc.13715 Gama RoadDallas 75234Tel: (2,4) 386·7500TWX: 910·860-5377tArrow Electronics, Inc.10700 Corporate OrNeSuite 100Stafford 77477Tel: (713) 491-4100TWX: 910·880-4439tArrow Electronics, Inc.10'25 MetropolitanAustin 78758Tel: (512) 835·4100TWX: 910-874·1348tHamilton/Avnet Electronics2401 RutlandAustin 78757Tel: (512)837-8911TWX: 910·874·1319tHamilton/Avnet Electronics2111 W. Walnut Hill laneIrving 75062Tel: (214) 659·4100TWX: 910-860-5929tHamuton/Avnet Electronics8750 West ParkHouston 77063Tel: (713) 780·1771TWX: 910·881-5523tPioneer/Austin9901 Burnet RoadAustin 78758Tel: (512) 835·4000TWX: 910·874-1323tPioneer/Dallas13710 Omega RoadDallas 75234Tel: (214) 386-7300TWX: 910·850·5563tPioneer/Houston5853 Point West DriveHouston 77036Tel: (713) 988·5555TWX: 910-576·2738UTAHtHamiiton/Avnet ElectroniCs1585 Welt 2100 SouthSalt like City 84119Tel: (801) 972·2800TWX: 910·925·4018tArrow Electronics, Inc,4980 Ametia Earhart DriveSalt lake City 84112Tel: (801) 539·1135WASHINQTONtAlmac Electronics CorporatIOn14380 S.E. Ea.tgate WayBellevue 98007Tel: (208) 643-9992TWX: 910·444·2067tArrow Electronics, Inc.14320 N.E. 21 st StreetBellevue 98007Tet: (206) 843·4800TWX: 91().444·2017tHamlitoo/Avne! Electronics14212 N.E. 21st StreetBellevue 98005Tel: (208) 4$3-5874TWX: 910·443·2469WISCONSINtArrow Electronics. Inc.430 W. Aauslon AvenueOakcreek 53154Tel: (414) 764·6600TWX: 910·262-1193tHamilton/Avnet Electronics2975 Moorland RoadNew Berlin 53151Tel: (414) 78-4·4510TWX: 910·262·1182tMiCrocompuler System Technical Demonstrator Centers
Page 2 and 3:
LITERATUREIn addition to the produc
Page 4 and 5:
Intel Corporation makes no warranty
Page 6 and 7:
PREFACEExternal LiteratureMany aspe
Page 8:
Table of ContentsCHAPTER 1PageINTRO
Page 11 and 12:
TABLE OF CONTENTSCHAPTER 9PageVIRTU
Page 13 and 14:
TABLE OF CONTENTSLIST OF FIGURESFig
Page 15:
Introduction to Protected 1Multitas
Page 18 and 19:
INTRODUCTION TO PROTECTED MULTITASK
Page 20 and 21:
inter INTRODUCTION TO PROTECTED MUL
Page 22 and 23:
111'eI INTRODUCTION TO PROTECTED MU
Page 24 and 25:
Page 26 and 27:
Page 29:
Using Hardware2Protection Features
Page 32 and 33:
USING HARDWARE PROTECTION,FEATURESs
Page 34 and 35:
interUSING HARDWARE PROTECTION FEAT
Page 36 and 37:
USING HARDWARE PROTECTION FEATURES(
Page 38 and 39:
USING HARDWARE PROTECTION FEATURES
Page 40 and 41:
USING HARDWARE PROTECTION FEATUREST
Page 42 and 43:
USING HARDWARE PROTECTION FEATURESo
Page 44 and 45:
USING HARDWARE PROTECTION FEATURESL
Page 46 and 47:
USING HARDWARE PROTECTION FEATUREST
Page 48 and 49:
USING HARDWARE PROTECTION FEATURESE
Page 50 and 51:
inl:el~USING HARDWARE PROTECTION FE
Page 52 and 53:
IntelUSING HARDWARE PROTECTION FEAT
Page 54 and 55:
IntelU~ING HARDWARE PROTECTION FEAT
Page 56 and 57:
lSLDTFORMATRt;;SERV~~"O~iA~~.~ijij
Page 59 and 60:
CHAPTER 3REAL MEMORY MANAGEMENTIn d
Page 61 and 62:
REAL MEMORY MANAGEMENTIALLOCATEGATE
Page 63 and 64:
interREAL MEMORY MANAGEMENTBEFOREAF
Page 65 and 66:
REAL MEMORY MANAGEMENTGLOBAL DESCRI
Page 67 and 68:
REAL MEMORY MANAGEMENTTable 3-1. Ac
Page 69 and 70:
REAL MEMORY MANAGEMENTBEFOREI "FREE
Page 71 and 72:
REAL MEMORY MANAGEMENTBEFOREI "FREE
Page 73 and 74:
REAL MEMORY MANAGEMENTPL/M-286 COMP
Page 75 and 76:
Page 77 and 78:
Page 79:
Page 82 and 83:
IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
Page 84 and 85:
II I telTASK MANAGEMENTCPUTASK REGI
Page 86 and 87:
TASK MANAGEMENTIf the proc~sser, wh
Page 88 and 89:
TASK MANAGEMENTUsually, termination
Page 90 and 91:
TASK MANAGEMENTTASK XTSS TSS TSS TS
Page 92 and 93:
TASK MANAGEMENTSCHEDULING POLICIEST
Page 94 and 95:
TASK MANAGEMENTThe example in figur
Page 96 and 97:
TASK MANAGEMENTREADY QUEUESBY PRIOR
Page 98 and 99:
IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
Page 101 and 102:
CHAPTER 5DATA SHARING, ALIASING, AN
Page 103 and 104:
DATA SHARING, ALIASING, AND SYNCHRO
Page 105 and 106:
interDATA SHARING, ALIASING, AND SV
Page 107 and 108:
Page 109 and 110:
Page 111 and 112:
Page 113 and 114:
Page 115 and 116:
Page 117:
Page 121 and 122:
CHAPTER 6SIGNALS AND INTERRUPTSInte
Page 123 and 124:
interSIGNALS AND INTERRUPTSlOTGOTTS
Page 125 and 126:
SIGNALS AND INTERRUPTSTable 6-1. In
Page 127 and 128:
SIGNALS AND INTERRUPTSSend interrup
Page 129 and 130:
SIGNALS AND INTERRUPTSprocedure suc
Page 131:
Handling Exception Conditions 7
Page 134 and 135:
HANDLING EXCEPTION CONDITIONSError
Page 136 and 137:
HANDLING EXCEPTION CONDITIONSAn exc
Page 138 and 139:
HANDLING EXCEPTION CONDITIONSA few
Page 140 and 141:
HANDLING EXCEPTION CONDITIONSAn ins
Page 143 and 144:
CHAPTER 8INPUT /OUTPUTMany of the c
Page 145 and 146:
INPUT /OUTPUTYou can still take adv
Page 147 and 148:
INPUT /OUTPUT• Only the operating
Page 149:
INPUT /OUTPUTtask the I/0 procedure
Page 153 and 154:
CHAPTER 9VIRTUAL MEMORYThe memory l
Page 155 and 156:
VIRTUAL MEMORYthose segments that a
Page 157 and 158:
VIRTUAL MEMORY• Return the RAM sp
Page 159 and 160:
VIRTUAL MEMORYReplacementThe operat
Page 161 and 162:
System Initialization10
Page 163 and 164:
CHAPTER 10SYSTEM INITIALIZATIONThe
Page 165 and 166:
SYSTEM INITIALIZATIONStarting the f
Page 167 and 168:
iAPX286 "ACRO ASSEMBLERLOCOBJEnter
Page 169 and 170:
iAPX286 MACRO ASSEMBLEtEnter Protec
Page 171 and 172:
iAPX286 MACRO ASSEMBLER·· Enter ~
Page 173 and 174:
iAPX286 'UCRO USE148LER Ente,. P,.o
Page 175 and 176:
iAPX286 MACRO ASSEMBLEREnt9~ P~otec
Page 177:
iAPX286 MACRO ASSEMBLE~ INITIAL TAS
Page 181 and 182:
CHAPTER 11BINDING AND LOADINGBindin
Page 183 and 184:
BINDING AND LOADINGNamingThe names
Page 185 and 186:
BINDING AND LOADING$ COMPACT (NUCLE
Page 187 and 188:
interBINDING AND LOADINGsystem-IDiA
Page 189 and 190:
BIND.ING AND LOADINGConverting a Pr
Page 191 and 192:
BINDING AND LOADINGThe OMF of each
Page 193 and 194:
interBINDING AND LOADINGsystem-IDiA
Page 195 and 196: BINDING AND LOADINGPL/M-2B6 COMPILE
Page 197 and 198: BINDING AND LOADI.NGPL/M-286 COMPIL
Page 199 and 200: BINDING AND LOADINGPL/M-286 COMPILE
Page 201 and 202: BINDING AND LOADINGPL/M-2B6 COMPILE
Page 203 and 204: BINDING AND LOAD.INGPL/M-286 COMPIL
Page 205 and 206: interBINDING AND LOADINGPL/M-286 CO
Page 207 and 208: BINDING AND LOADINGPL/M-286 COMPILE
Page 209: Numerics Processor Extension 12
Page 212 and 213: NUMERICS PROCESSOR EXTENSIONMath Pr
Page 214 and 215: interNUMERICS PROCESSOR EXTENSION
Page 217: Extended Protection13
Page 220 and 221: EXTENDED PROTECTIONIndirect NamingT
Page 222 and 223: EXTENDED PROTECTIONanother procedur
Page 225: Glossary
Page 228 and 229: GLOSSARYbootloadable module: a modu
Page 230 and 231: GLOSSARYexception: a processor-dete
Page 232 and 233: GLOSSARYintersegment reference: a r
Page 234 and 235: GLOSSARYoutward call: the attempt t
Page 236 and 237: GLOSSARYscheduling state: one of se
Page 238 and 239: GLOSSARYvirtual address: an address
Page 240 and 241: INDEXES register, 2-17, 2-18, 2-21,
Page 242 and 243: INDEXpresent bit, 2-2, 2-3, 2-9, 5-
Page 245: interu.s. SALES OFFICESALAIWIA IlEQ
Page 249 and 250: intJINTEL INTERNATIONAL SALES OFFIC
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iAPX 286 Operating System Writers Guide 1983

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