1.3 WaterHard & soft water, Types of Hardness – degree of hardness. One method to remove Temporaryhardness (Boiling) – Renormal of permanent hardness (Ion-exchange method) – disadvantages ofusing hard water a) Wastage of Soap in laundry) Boil Scales – Determination of Degree ofhardness using EDTA (Principle & Procedure only).(Problems not expected from the chapter)UNIT – II PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY2.1 Electrochemistry & corrosionConductors & Insulators, Metallic & electrolyte conductors, strong & weak electrolytes –Mechanism of electrolysis – Molten Nail – Application of electrolysis – Electroplating &Anodizing.Galvanic cell – Difference in the sign of electrodes – Primary cell (eg: - Daniel cell constructiondetails, Anode reaction, cathode reaction & Net cell reaction)Secondary cells – Lead storage balling, (Constructional details – charging & discharging)Electrochemical senis – Application in the construction of a cell.Fuel cells – Introduction, Hydrogen – Oxygen fuel cell, Methanol – Oxygen fuel (elementary ideaonly) – Advantages.2.2 CorrosionDefinition – Rusting of Fe condition for Rusting of Fe, Electrochemical theory of corrosion,Preventing of corrosioni) Barrur protectionii) Sacrificial protectioniii) Cathodic protectioniv) Antirust solution.2.3 Chemical EnergeticsUnderstand the term chemical energetic & thermodynamics _ Scope & Limitations ofThermodynamics. Basic concepts – Reversible & Irreversible reaction, Exothermic &endothermic reactions, systems & surroundings – Types of systems Open, closed, Isolated –process – Macroscopic properties – Extensive & Intensive properties.Thermodynamic process - Isothermal, Adrabalie, Isobaric, Isochoric Process.First Law of Thermodynamics – (statement)Internal energy (E) and Internal energy change (E)Concept of Work & heatMathematical expression for the 1 st Law of thermodynamicsApplication of 1 st Law (Hess’s Law)(Statement and eg), Limitation of 1 st Law.Enthalpy (H) and Enthalpy Change (H), Entropy (S) and Entropy Change (S)Second Law of Thermo dynamics (statement & Mathematical Expression)Gibbs Free energy (G) and Gibbs free energy change (AG)Gibbs-Helzmotz equation (expression only)Third Law of Thermodynamics (statement only)2.4 ColloidsDefinition, Types of colloids, preparation 1) Condensation-e.g. Ferric hydroxide sol 2)Dispersion- e.g. Bredic’s arc method, purification – dialysis, Properties. 1. Tyndall effect 2.Brownian movement 3. Electrophoresis 4. Coagulation Hardy – Schulze rule, Gold numberIndustrial application 1) Smoke precipitation 2) Treatment of sewage 3) Purification of drinkingwater.34
UNIT – III ORGANIC CHEMISTRY3.1 IntroductionDifferences between organic and inorganic compounds – uniqueness of carbon – catenation,saturated and unsaturated – general classification of organic compound – classification based onfunctional groups isomerism (definition wish an example).3.2 PolymersPolymerization – illustrate with examples – Addition and condensation polymerization with oneexample each.3.3 Plastics - Thermoplastics, Thermosetting plastic, with one example each – advantages.3.4 Rubber – Natural and synthetic rubber (example), vulcanization.3.5 Fiber – Natural fibers, synthetic fibers, semi synthetic fibers, examples.3.3 Paints and Varnishes and adhesives, lubricantsRequisites of a good paint – Constituents – acrylics, polyurethane, filler, plasticizers, pigments,driers and antiskinning agents.VARNISHES - Type, ConstituentsLUBRICANTS - Principle of lubrication – Types of lubricantsADHESIVES - Types and Applications.3.4 FuelsTypes of fuels - solid, liquid, gaseous and nuclear - Calorific value of fuels. Knocking, Cracking -Octane number and octave number.3.5 Environmental pollutionCategorization, Sources and Controlling.3.6 Chemistry ice action:Dyes – antipyretics and analgesics – antiseptic – disinfectant – tranquilizers – antibiotics (Conceptand two examples each). Propellants – definition classification (solid – liquid – hybrid) oneexample each.REFERENCE BOOKS1. Soni P.L. A Text Book of Inorganic Chemistry S.Chand & Co., New Delhi2. Puri B.L. & A Text Book of Inorganic Chemistry Shoban Lal NaginSharma L.RChand&Co3. B.S.Bahl Text book of Organic Chemistry S.Chand & Co., New Delhi4. I.L. Finar Organic Chemistry – Vol I ELBS & Longman, Group Ltd.,Arun Bahl5. Sono. P.L. Textbook of physical Chemistry Sultan Chand & Sons, New6. A.J. Mee Physical Chemistry William Heinemann Ltd.,7. Glasstone & Element of Physical Chemistry Macmillan PressLewis35