In the Holy Qura'n, we read, "Say: He has the power to send on you a chastisement fromabove you, or from beneath your feet, or throw you <strong>in</strong>to confusion, (mak<strong>in</strong>g you) differentparties, and mak<strong>in</strong>g some <strong>of</strong> you taste the fight<strong>in</strong>g <strong>of</strong> others. See how We repeat the signs sothat they may understand" (Qura'n, 6:65).Both al-Qadeer and al-Qadir are among <strong>Allah</strong>'s characteristics. <strong>The</strong>y may be derived fromtaqdeer, estimation or assessment, or from qudra, might, power, or ability. Al-Qadeer doeswhatever He does accord<strong>in</strong>g to the requirement <strong>of</strong> wisdom, no more, nor less. Al-Qadeer isnot among <strong>Allah</strong>'s n<strong>in</strong>ety-n<strong>in</strong>e Attributes although it is repeated more than thirty timesthroughout the text <strong>of</strong> the Holy Qura'n.<strong>The</strong> root word <strong>of</strong> "al-Qadir" is the noun "qudra", might, power, prowess, ability, etc. Laylatal-Qadr, the Night <strong>of</strong> Power or <strong>of</strong> Dest<strong>in</strong>y, is surely the Night <strong>of</strong> the great honour. In the HolyQura'n, we read the follow<strong>in</strong>g verse <strong>in</strong> Surat al-Ana`m: "And they do not honour <strong>Allah</strong> theGreat Honour due to Him" (Qura'n, 6:91), that is, they do not honour Him as He ought to behonoured. <strong>The</strong> word "qadr" means that <strong>Allah</strong> is capable <strong>of</strong> do<strong>in</strong>g anyth<strong>in</strong>g without tackl<strong>in</strong>g itor us<strong>in</strong>g any means, etc.; therefore, it does not exert or exhaust Him to do whatever He wants.It means authority and power, that is, the complete deal<strong>in</strong>g with the entire universe, thecosmos, without be<strong>in</strong>g opposed by an opponent. Who can oppose Him or escape His grip?His command is that whenever He decrees anyth<strong>in</strong>g, he says to it: "Be!" and it is. It means theOne Who has the Complete power, Who is not frustrated by anyth<strong>in</strong>g at all, He needs nomeans to do anyth<strong>in</strong>g. He measures His decree, Who manages the universe with might andwisdom: "So We proportion it: how well We are at proportion<strong>in</strong>g (th<strong>in</strong>gs)!" (Qura'n, 77:23)and also, "Surely We have created everyth<strong>in</strong>g accord<strong>in</strong>g to a measure" (Qura'n, 54:49). <strong>The</strong>qadar is what <strong>Allah</strong>, the Most Honoured and Glorified, decrees and decides.A servant <strong>of</strong> <strong>Allah</strong> has a measure <strong>of</strong> power to do a number <strong>of</strong> th<strong>in</strong>gs, but it is deficient, for hisability is limited. <strong>Allah</strong>, on the other hand, makes His servants capable <strong>of</strong> do<strong>in</strong>g what they dothrough His might. A servant <strong>of</strong> <strong>Allah</strong> has power to do a number <strong>of</strong> th<strong>in</strong>gs, but he cannot doeveryth<strong>in</strong>g. He cannot create th<strong>in</strong>gs out <strong>of</strong> noth<strong>in</strong>g. Only <strong>Allah</strong> can.70. "Al-Muqtadir"As regard<strong>in</strong>g the Attribute "al-Muqtadir", the Almighty has said, "<strong>The</strong>y rejected all Our signs,so We overtook them after the manner <strong>of</strong> a Mighty, Powerful One" (Qura'n, 54:42)."Al-Muqtadir" is a superlative <strong>of</strong> "al-Qadir" which enhances the prestige and awe <strong>in</strong>spired bythe latter. Al-Muqtadir controls everyth<strong>in</strong>g through His might which encompasses all Hiscreation. His might is endless, Who manages all affairs, Who manifests His might to the soulsthrough the light <strong>of</strong> His Attribute al-Muqtadir and thus grants them serenity and security.<strong>The</strong>y recognize and venerate His might <strong>in</strong> the late hours <strong>of</strong> the night and at both ends <strong>of</strong> theday. <strong>The</strong> mean<strong>in</strong>g it suggests is: "the One Whose Might is Great, Who, through His
overwhelm<strong>in</strong>g Power, controls all His creatures; He subdues everyone and everyth<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> Hisdoma<strong>in</strong>. He decreed, so existence came to be as a manifestation <strong>of</strong> His might: `... and <strong>Allah</strong>holds power over all th<strong>in</strong>gs'" (Qura'n, 18:45).One <strong>of</strong> the signs <strong>of</strong> the good manners <strong>of</strong> a believer <strong>in</strong> as far as al-Muqtadir is concerned isthat this Attribute will always fill his heart, and he always remembers it, so much so that aglimpse <strong>of</strong> its light will sh<strong>in</strong>e upon him and will always surround him. <strong>The</strong> follow<strong>in</strong>g is atradition related by Jabir ibn Abdullah al-Salami:<strong>The</strong> Messenger <strong>of</strong> <strong>Allah</strong> used to teach his companions to follow istikhara <strong>in</strong> all matters just ashe used to teach them the text <strong>of</strong> the Holy Qura'n. He used to always repeat say<strong>in</strong>g, "If one <strong>of</strong>you decides to do someth<strong>in</strong>g, let him prostrate twice besides what is <strong>in</strong>cumbent upon him thensay: `Lord! I seek Your istikhara and Your help to enable me to achieve what I aspire toachieve! I plead to You to grant me <strong>of</strong> Your favours, for You can and I cannot, and You knowand I do not, and You know the unknown. Lord! If You know that this matter (and here you<strong>in</strong>dicate what it is) is good for me sooner or later, or good for my creed or sustenance, or forthe ultimately good end <strong>of</strong> my affairs, then decree it for me and ease it for me, then bless it forme. Lord! If You know that it is evil for me regard<strong>in</strong>g my creed or the ultimate end <strong>of</strong> myaffairs, or regard<strong>in</strong>g my matter sooner or later, then take me away from it and enable me toacquire goodness wherever it may be, then make me pleased therewith.'"<strong>The</strong> Attribute "al-Muqtadir", Praised and Glorified is He, is mentioned verbatim <strong>in</strong> two verses<strong>of</strong> the Holy Qura'n: <strong>in</strong> verses 42 and 55 <strong>of</strong> Surat al-Qamar, and once <strong>in</strong> verse 45 <strong>of</strong> Surat al-Kahaf.71. "Al-Muqaddim"<strong>Allah</strong> has said, "... so that <strong>Allah</strong> may forgive your past faults and your faults to come, tocomplete His favour unto you, and to guide you on the right path" (Qura'n, 48:2).L<strong>in</strong>guistically, taqdeem, the root word <strong>of</strong> this Attribute, means advanc<strong>in</strong>g, promot<strong>in</strong>g, orpreferr<strong>in</strong>g; "al-Muqaddim" means: the One Who presents th<strong>in</strong>gs and places them <strong>in</strong> their rightplace. Whoever deserves to be advanced, preferred or favoured over others, the Almighty, al-Muqaddim, advances his rank or status. And He advances the liv<strong>in</strong>g, each accord<strong>in</strong>g to hiss<strong>in</strong>cerity <strong>of</strong> worshipp<strong>in</strong>g Him, protect<strong>in</strong>g them aga<strong>in</strong>st fall<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>to disobedience <strong>of</strong> Him. Al-Muqaddim s<strong>in</strong>ce the beg<strong>in</strong>n<strong>in</strong>g <strong>of</strong> time advanced those whom He loves and made them happythrough accurate comprehension and sound judgment. He prefers those who know over thosewho do not. He opens the gates <strong>of</strong> true conviction (iman) for everyone. He prefers humansover all others, mak<strong>in</strong>g them Imams. And He advances, prefers, favours scholars overignorant folks, mak<strong>in</strong>g the first party like stars guid<strong>in</strong>g others to righteousness. He hasadvanced the Messenger <strong>of</strong> <strong>Allah</strong> from the very beg<strong>in</strong>n<strong>in</strong>g and will advance him at the veryend, <strong>in</strong> the Hereafter. He took a covenant from all those whom He sent <strong>in</strong>to this world that:
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AllahThe Concept of God in Islam (a
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IntroductionIn any theistic religio
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eminded him of the bloody and shame
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Knowing AllahMuhammed, the Messenge
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All Praise is due to Allah, the One
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The Praised One has said, He is the
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you then made you complete, then He
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The Ninety Nine Attributesof AllahI
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The Almighty is Endless regarding H
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produce it. They will also realize
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Who grants mercy beyond which there
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Unity of Allah (Tawhid)Islam falls
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is Allah, your Lord; so, worship Hi
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keep closing their eyes to the fact
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Abu Abdullah Imam Ja`fer al-Sadiq h
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descends during the night of the mi
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and the Exalted One, whereby He des
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perfected their design and computed
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[14] Ibid., p. 59.[15] al-Tusi, Al-
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How to Supplicate to AllahBefore ad
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me, and if I try to amend my steps,
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Al-Qudds is the One Who is above ne
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finished his prayers, he would seek
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e overcome or in any way harmed, th
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Holy Qura'n bestows the Attribute o
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stage of life without needing you o
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They desire to put out the light of
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e called badee' at all; so, this At
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said, "And most surely We bring to
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Al-Saboor, Glory to Him, is the Cle
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Whenever the Messenger of Allah pro
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