The universal geography : earth and its inhabitants

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220 SOUTU AND EAST AFlUfA.spirits the dealers take chiefly hides, caoutchouc, and beeswax.Xo establishmenthas been founded by Europeans, either on the river or in the neighbouringmaritime region, and here the only human habitations are a few kraals of theMagwumba (Malolo) natives scattered here and there amid the forests and on theopen savannahs. The Magwambas, who belong to the widespread Amatouga(liatonga) family, and the communities that have escaped the ravages of the Zulus,give evidence of a relatively high degree of native culture. All these tribes aregreatly addicted to the smoking of hemp.
CHAPTER YII.rORTUGTJESE POSSESSIONS NORTH OF THE LniPOPO.InHAMBANE SOFAI.A Gazaland.TIE basins of the coast streams following northward between theLimpopo and Zambese estuaries are all of comparatively smallextent. Nevertheless that of the Sabi, which is the largest, penetratesover 300 miles into the interior of the continent. Butfarther inland the whole of the plateau drains either to the Limpopoor to the Zambese, whose numerous affluents here intermingle their waters.The divide between these two great hydrographic systems, and those of thesmaller rivers flowing in independent channels seaward, is partly indicated by anirregular mountain range forming the escarpment of the plateau. The zone ofcoastlands thus roughly limited westwards by the Matebele and Mashona highlandsmay be approximately estimated at about 112,000 square miles. On no verysolid grounds, most travellers agree in giving a population of about half a millionto this region, which comprises the south-eastern section of the long-dismemberedempire of Monomotapa.Apart from the Portuguese officials and traders who visited the inland districtsbefore the present centurj-, this territory of Gaza, with the surrounding lands, hasbeen explored and described chiefly by the travellers Slauch, Erskine, TTood,Kuss, Cardozo, Paiva d'.:Vndrada, d'Almeida, Browne, O'Donnel, and Kerr. Butthese daring pioneers have been followed by numerous other visitors, and expeditionsorganised in the mining towns of the Transvaal are at present traversingGazaland and studying its mountains and rivers, in order to discover traces of goldin its quartzose rocks and alluvial deposits, with the view of determining once forall the value of the Portuguese traditions regarding the mineral treasures of thisregion.Physical Featvres.The mountains which in Natal, Zululand, and the Portuguese enclave ofDelagoa Bay form the escarpment of the plateau west of the coastlands, do notcontinue to form north of the Limpopo a regular, well-defined orographic system.Here the ascent from the seaboard towards the elevated uplands of the interior is
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*~^J' »4V4-iu,J^MrM'*»(/>?'^* ;(l
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-fftv
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THE EARTH AND ITSINHABITANTSTHEUNIV
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^1 \r. ^\CONTENTS.CHAP. ""=I. AxOOL
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.IJST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.LIST OF ILLU
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THE UNIVERSAL GEOGRAPHY.SOUTH AND E
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—axCtOlan uplands. 3and separated
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ANGOLAN UPLANDS. 5in height, the hi
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AXGOLAN EIYEES. 7their sources beyo
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ANGOLAN EIVEES. 9tall reeds {arundo
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ANGOLAN CLIiLVTE. 11it freezes, as
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—ANGOLAN FLOEA. 13terminates abru
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ANGOLAN FAUNA. 15the coast, althoug
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—INHABITANTS OF ANGOLA. 17success
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IXnABITAXTS OF AXGOLA. 19practices.
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THE BUXDAS. 21lliey began to cxterm
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THE BU>rDAS. 23the deatli Las not b
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THE SOUrn ANGOLAN TEIBES. 25ITcauti
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;THE SOUTH ANGOLAN TRIBES. 27are co
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—THE PEETO? AND EUEOPEAXSi, 29Eur
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THE SLAVE TEADE. 31tionised during
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—SAN-SALVADOE. 33priests ordained
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intervening houses have to be clear
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LOAN!) A. 37known, altliougli forme
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lo-\:n"da. . 39{cyprwa moticta), us
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MTJXIMA. 41the bar at its mouth, th
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AMBACA. 43was able to raise eight t
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PUNGO-NDONGO. 45almost complete dep
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BIHfi. 47as the region of the gi'ea
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BEXGUELLA. 49Velha, or "Old Benguel
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MOSSAMEDES. 51Mossamedes with their
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nUMrATA. 53facing the perils of for
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EESOUECES OF ANGOLA. 55tlie reckles
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BESOUECES OF ANGOLA. 67failure. Eve
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IADMINISTRATION OF ANGOLA. 59blacks
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GERMAN SOUTH-WEST AFRICA. 61disaj^p
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PHYSICAL FEATURES OF SOUTH-WEST AFE
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THE SWAKOP AXD KnOSIB EIVEES.G5rese
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THE OVA-MBOS. 67vallej- has its ham
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THE HEREEOS. 69A few scattered grou
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THE HEEEROS, 71land." The total num
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THE nn,L DA^L\EAS AXD NAMAQUAS. 73i
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WAL\aSCn BAY. 75Topography.Hitherto
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ANGEA PEQUENA. 77something more tli
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SOUTH iU7EICA ^VXD ALGERIA COXTEAST
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^M ihO Ha:
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—82 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.isolate
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84 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.In the Gre
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80 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.tlio Limpo
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88 SOUTH AXD EAST AFRICA.only on ra
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90 SOUTH AXD EAST AFRICA.Throuj^hou
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92 SOUTH AND KAST AFRICA.The Kei, t
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94 SOUTH AND KAST AFRICA.lJi;].A(;(
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THE LIMPOPO. 95basin, which has now
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CLIMATE OP 80UTU AFRICA. 97remarkab
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CLIJkLlTE OF SOUTH AFEICA. 99Ziilul
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FLOE A OF SOUTH AFEICA. 101husbandi
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FLORA OF SOUTH AFRICA. 103the curre
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FAUXA OF SOUTH AFRICA. 105consistin
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IXHABITANTS OF SOUTH AFEICA. 107hav
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TIIK BUSHMEN. 109Professor Flower h
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THE BUSHMEN.IllBushmen represent a
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THE nOTTEXTOTS.listelligible jargon
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THE HOTTENTOTS 115or their sojourn
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CAPE COLONY. 117Hottentots, are rea
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THEDufrkerl"^Slan^fCopPf^9^1Simon's
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HISTOEIC EETEOSrECT.ll'Jwas gradual
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mSTOEIC EETEOSPECT. 121ceased to fo
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TUE KAFIE W.\IIS. 123llicir Kafir n
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CAPE TOWN. 125they might succeed by
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^^:. . ;âmî:'M^^'^''^^.L
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128 POUTII ANT> EAF^T AFRirA.Amid t
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mnpnrxii axp kast afiîc.v.viciuity
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182 SOUTH AND EAST AFRTOA.miles to
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131 SOUTH AND EAST AFEICA.quarter,
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;186 SOUTH AND EAST ^VPRICA.little
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138 SOUTH AND E.VST AFEICA.and in c
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140 SOUTU AND KA.î' iU'lUCA.with r
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142 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.being lim
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144 SOUTH AKD EAST AFRTPA.with hoai
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146 SOUTH AND EAST AFEICA.aided by
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148 SOUTH .VXD EAST AFRICA.stronges
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160 SOUTH AND EAST AFBICA.was nn im
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152 POUTH AND EAST AFRICA.ground no
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THE KDIBEELEY MINES. 158quence ^vas
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KDIBEELEY—GEIQUA TOWN. 155connect
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BECHTJANALAND. 157the vallej' of th
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THE BECHUANAS. 159beneficial shower
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KUEXJMAN—YEIJBUEG. 161known as st
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SHOSHONG. 163The Ba-^raugwato natio
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THE BA-K.VLAIIAKI. 165century the i
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iBASUTOLAND. 167After founding the
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BASUTOLAND. 169bined with the valou
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KAFIELAND. 171accept concessions of
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"- j:,..,-.-*'.î;"/,c&/>^>^JeKAFIR
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174 ROUin ANP EAST AFKICA.TiiKAma-K
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171! SOrXII AND EAST AFRICA.rnNDOI.
Page 234: CHAPTER V.KATAL AND ZULULAND.TTE "C
Page 238 and 239: 180 ÔrXII AXl) KAST AI'RHA.the cxc
Page 240 and 241: 1B2SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.mimcrical
Page 242: 1«1 SOUTH AND EAST iU-"lUCA." ovcr
Page 246 and 247: —IHGSOUTH AND lOAST ArRICA.of Mar
Page 248 and 249: ;188 SULTII AND KA!>T AFltlCA.Natal
Page 250 and 251: 190 SOUTH AND EAST AFIÎCA.read is
Page 252 and 253: iti2porrn .\xd east Africa.scene of
Page 254 and 255: —191 SOUTH AND EAST AFIUCA.acquii
Page 256 and 257: —CIIArXEH VI.THK DITTCH RRPUHLICS
Page 258 and 259: 193 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.hidden by
Page 260 and 261: 200 SOUTH AND HAST AFRICA.between C
Page 262 and 263: 202 SOUTH AXD EAST AFRICA.\upper co
Page 264 and 265: 201 SOLITII AMI i:\ST AFRICA.Accord
Page 266 and 267: ;206 SOUTH AM) KAST Al'ltlCA.appoin
Page 269 and 270: TR.VXSVAAL. 207family, and are occa
Page 271 and 272: TIL:i2CSVAAL. 209been driven, and t
Page 273 and 274: TR.VN'SViV.VL. 211Jlr. W. n. Pennin
Page 277 and 278: TEANSVAAL. 218spot is shown the " "
Page 279 and 280: TRAXSYAAL. 215raad and of the Presi
Page 281 and 282: DELAGOA BAY. 217LouKEX(ô Marques.T
Page 283: DELAGOA BAY. 219age. The neighbouri
Page 287 and 288: GAZALAND. 223with its extremely pre
Page 289 and 290: FLOrtA OF r,AZ.y.AXD. 225veers roun
Page 291: 4r^' iA.'fgijF;i;--^-'S
Page 294 and 295: 228 SOUTH AXI) I'.AST AFEICA.the ki
Page 296 and 297: 230 SOUTH AND E.VST AFEIC.V.bushmen
Page 298 and 299: —282 SOUTH AXD EAST AFRICA.brough
Page 300 and 301: •234 SOUTH AMI llAST AFKICA.In no
Page 302 and 303: 230 SOUTU AND EAST AFKKA.continent.
Page 304 and 305: —238 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.Some t
Page 306 and 307: 210 ?OUTir AXP EAST AFRICA.Zambosc.
Page 308: 242 SOUTU AND EAST AFEICA.of volcau
Page 312 and 313: 2USOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.the columns
Page 314 and 315: —246 SOUTH ANT) EAST AFRICA.trave
Page 316: 248 SOTTTII AST) EAST AFRICA.name o
Page 320 and 321: —260 SOUTH AND EA8T AFinCA.< )ii
Page 322 and 323: 252 SOUTH AND EAST AFEICA.TiiKZamhe
Page 324 and 325: 251 SOUTU AND EAST AFIUCA.Climate o
Page 326 and 327: 258 SOUTH AND KAsT AFIUCA.K;ifuk\\(
Page 329 and 330: THE AMliuKl.L.V^ 257Imiauixams or t
Page 331 and 332: TIIK l!A-T,UXIiA^;. 259The piiiiiil
Page 333 and 334: THE BAROTSK K^[^]^.K. 261liolub vis
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BABOTi^KLAND. 203they arrange tlic
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^rATEBELELAXD. 265not so much a nat
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Tirn NrA>:nnxA?;. 267remains in his
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TOPOGEAl'UV OF -XLVTEliELELAND. 269
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TOrOGRAl'UY OF MAri'.l'.KI.KLAND. 2
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THE EA>;TEEX MAKOLOLOS. 273be regar
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KAEON'GA—BANDAAVE.27i" can admire
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.LAXTVPK. 277native chiefs have als
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MOPEA-M.VZAEO. 279Toi'i)(.l{AIMIVOF
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CHAPTER IX.MOZ.UIBIQUE.FnOM TIIK Z.
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THE ^:A^[ULI mountains 283supposed
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LAKE XYASSA. 285of the Zambese delt
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THE MOZAMBIUUE CURHEXT. 287grounded
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CLIMATE OF MOZAMBIQUE. 289off the c
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THE M.UvUAS. 291whole of the Matamb
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TIIK t.om'\vt:>: .\xi> vaos. 2onfro
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ZAMBT("irK T>:T.ANT». 293immunity
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Mii/.A:\[r.I(iUK ISLWD. 297b3gaiit)
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ADXronSTRATION OF MOZAMBIQUE. 299mu
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ClIAl'TER X.Z.iJN'ZIB.VE.Gi:uM.vxEa
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AN'ZlBVTv. 303by a conventional lin
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ZANZIBARAllEDSayid^ & ReefsExposed
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THE EUFIJI EIVEE. 805as they were f
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LAKE EIKWA. 807rlisplaced. The allu
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FLORA OF USAGAEA. 809between the re
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Ti£E m^\:eondes. 311com])lotes tli
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THE WAZARAMOS. 818Ihe village, had
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THE WAi^WAITELI. 815remarkable skil
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MIKIXDAXL—UXDI. 817or else their
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KILOA. 319penetrates some 12 miles
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1)AE-ES-S-\L.\.VM. 821Ihe waters of
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SAADAXI. 328are taught various trad
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THE CAEAVAN TRADE. 325to forward go
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ISLAND OF MAFLV. 327two other islan
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,g£S«=CS^T--'
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330 SOUTH AND KAST AFRICA.About the
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332 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.from twel
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884 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.the great
Page 422 and 423:
CHAPTER XI.KILIMA-NJARO, KENIA, MOM
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888 SOUTH AND EAST AFl!lf'A.Jolinsl
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—840 SOUTH AND EAST AFEICA.enormo
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—SI -2SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.cstiu
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—844 SOUTH AND EAST APEICA."Solit
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3IGSOUTH AND EAST Al'EIOA.of from 4
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313 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.a ilistau
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850 Bnl Til AN'D KAST Al'UlOA.!i iK
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352 SOUTH AXD EAST AFRICA.By taking
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864 SOUTH AND E^LST AFEIfA.The hipp
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356 . SOUTH AND EAST .Yl'RKW.Tin-:A
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868 SOTTTII AND EAST AmiCA.Each fam
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8G0SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.Amongst tl
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I802 SOUTH AXD EAST Al-'RICA.usual
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3C4SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.iiiuuy otl
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3GGSOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.At that ti
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8C8SOTTH AXD KAST AFRICA.Although i
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870 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.their res
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872 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.were fina
Page 462 and 463:
374 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.too confi
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876 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.tion to t
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878 SOUTH .VXD EAST AFRICA.those la
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880 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.the Katar
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382 SOUTH AND EAST APRICA.The fiira
Page 472 and 473:
884 SOUTH AXD EAST AFRICA.uume of G
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—886 SOUTH AN'I» KAST AFRICA.for
Page 476 and 477:
38ftSOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.Ai-iibiii
Page 478 and 479:
yOOSOUTH AND KAST AFRICA.iistrich a
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392 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.being det
Page 484 and 485:
894 SOUTH ANTJ EAST AFRICA.The Soma
Page 486 and 487:
8'JGSOUTH AM) EAST AFRICA.a conveni
Page 488 and 489:
;808 SOUTH AND JOAST AFltlCA.Hiiiit
Page 490 and 491:
400 SOUTH AND EAST AFKK'A.wars whic
Page 493 and 494:
TILE EASTERN G.\LL.VS. 401nation of
Page 495 and 496:
TIIH KASTKRN G.VI.LAS. 403the chang
Page 497 and 498:
VITU LAND. 405claims and even threa
Page 499 and 500:
KISMAVU.—BARDERA. 407lion, lies n
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MAGDOSHU. 409which the natives had
Page 503 and 504:
OPIA.—BEEGHEL.4Uhowever, the numh
Page 505:
STREET IN BERBERA.
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414 SOUTH AND KAST Al'lUCA.to nil t
Page 510 and 511:
—CHAPTER XIII.EAST ATEICAN ISL.VN
Page 512:
•121 POUTII ANn EAST AFRICA.Europ
Page 517 and 518:
MADAGASCAR 425islanders, wlio were
Page 519 and 520:
SOKOTEA. 417Inhabitants.The island
Page 521 and 522:
SOKOTEA. 419Climate.— Prodicts.Th
Page 523 and 524:
MADAGASCAR. 421name of the inhabita
Page 525 and 526:
PHYSICAL FEATUEES OF MADAGASCAR. 42
Page 527 and 528:
EIVERS OF MADAGASCAI!. 429It has be
Page 529 and 530:
COAST or SIADAGASCAE. 481Thus the e
Page 532 and 533:
IIi
Page 534 and 535:
-431 SOl'TII AND K.VST ArRK'A.rocks
Page 536 and 537:
430 SOUTn AND EAST AFRICA.related b
Page 538 and 539:
438 SOUTH AND EAST AFEICA.Several o
Page 540 and 541:
440 SOUTU AXD EAST AFEICA.tbiitueut
Page 542 and 543:
442 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.themselve
Page 544 and 545:
444 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.the west
Page 546 and 547:
4 t(j SOUTH AXD EAST AFRTf'A.iippoi
Page 548 and 549:
448 SOUTH AND KAST AFRICA.and tremb
Page 550 and 551:
450 SOUTH AND EAST ^VFEICA.oujoyiug
Page 552 and 553:
lJ-2SOUTU AND EAST AFRICA.Sla\i:ky.
Page 554 and 555:
454 SOUTU AND EAST AFRICA.were all
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l.-.OSOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.Farther
Page 560 and 561:
45a SOUTH AN1» EAST AFRICAAiiiloro
Page 562:
;4C0SOUTH AND EAST Al'RICA.several
Page 566 and 567:
462 SOUTH AM) EAST AFRICA.3,780 fee
Page 568 and 569:
464 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.Hoforo th
Page 570 and 571:
—466 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.revenu
Page 572:
488 SOUrn AMI RAST AFUK'A.lures ill
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—470 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.on thi
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-...I,.s, ..n.l .s ,lu. „l...u bo
Page 580 and 581:
471 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.till' IfK
Page 582 and 583:
. .III7GAITENDIX.Concclhos or Circl
Page 584 and 585:
;47aAPrENorx.. . ;Mugisteriul Diatr
Page 586 and 587:
Damaraland480 Ari'KNDIX.RAILWAYS.To
Page 588:
'.\482 Al'l'EXKIX.Anm-KungwoAma-ICo
Page 591 and 592:
ArrEXDIX. 485POrrLATION (WHITE) ACC
Page 593 and 594:
APPENDIX. 487Bapedi, East Lydenburg
Page 595 and 596:
IIAPPENDIX.4S9Maeohikori]Mtanue Nor
Page 597 and 598:
'APPENDIX. 491Wakwehe \'Wakami niJe
Page 599 and 600:
'APPENDIX. 493CHTEF DIVISIONS OF TH
Page 601 and 602:
APPENDIX. 495the coast dialects, ca
Page 603 and 604:
INDEX.Abai River, 3S4Aba-zanzi, 205
Page 605 and 606:
INDEX. 499Dar-es-Salaam, 3.'0Darode
Page 607 and 608:
INDEX. 501Lu-fu River, 6Lui^ River,
Page 609 and 610:
IXDEX. 503Sanyati. 264Siio-Jo.se, 3
Page 616:
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