The universal geography : earth and its inhabitants

36 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.Angola is also ricli in mineral resources, chief amongst which are the extensivecopper ores.The chief cultivated plants are those which yield alimentary siibstances for thelocal consmnption. Manioc, which is grown principally in the northern districtsof Angola, is replaced in the southern provinces bj^ maize, millet, and sorgho.The European fruits and vegetables, as well as the Chinese tea plant, have alsobeen introduced, and thrive well at least in the upland valleys. Since the year1840 potatoes have been grown by the Bihenos in the region forming the greatdivide between the Cuanza, Kwango, and Cunene basins. The coast townsare generally surrounded by gardens, the umbrageous arimos of Loanda beingFig. 19.—COFFEE-QEOWINO ReOION OF AxOOLA.Scale 1 : 1,000,000.rivalled by the more productive hortas of Mossamedes. Even the vine has beenplanted in some districts, and tobacco, cotton, and ground-nuts are also includedamongst the products of the country. Mossamedes cultivates the sugar-cane,which serves chief!}' for the distillation of spirits. But the staj)le agriculturalproduct is certainly the coffee berry.Since the middle of the present centnry thisindustry has acquired a rapid develojjment not only in the Cazengo district,but also throughout the basin of the Lu-culla and all its affluents.Stockbreeding has but slight economic importance on the coastlands. Betweenthe Congo and Cuanza estuaries there are no herds of horned cattle, and theattempts made in many places to raise oxen, horses, or mules have resulted in