The universal geography : earth and its inhabitants

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Cnx\.PTEIl II.DAIMAEA AND NAMAQUA LANDS.From the Cuxene to the Orange Riaer.HE section of tlie African seaboard stretching from Angola withconsiderable uniformity for 900 miles southwards to the Orangeriver was declared Gcrm.in territory in the year 1884, when itreceived the official designation of "South-west Africa."The vastregion thus peaceabl}- annexed had previously been known asLiideritzland, from the German trader who acquired it by means of contractsmade with the chiefs of the few coast tribes and with those of the inlandpopulations, who had been brought under the influence of the Ehcnishmissionaries.Before this epoch, when as by a stroke of the magician's wand the countryfound itself placed under the protection of the German Empire, Great Britainsupposed herself to be the virtual suzerain of the land as far north as Cape Frio,although in actual possession only of a single station on the shores of WalvischBay. At the time of the first negotiations opened by the German diplomatistsregarding the posts established by subjects of the empire, the British ministerdeclared that any settlements made by a foreign power in the region in questionwould be an encroachment on the rights of Great Britiin. The Cape Governmenteven passed a vote to take formal jDossession of the territory in litigation, but itwas already too late. After an exchange of dispatches, which had begun toassume a threatening tone on the part of Germany, the whole of Liideritzland,with the exception of the Walvisch Bay enclave, was recognised as a Germanicpossession. The German diplomatists, moreover, concluded a treaty withPortugal, securing for their Government the protectorate of the territory whichstretches from Cape Frio northwards to the mouth of the Cuuene.The region of " South-west Africa," which reaches inland as far as thetwentieth degree east longitude, and which is as extensive as the German Empireitself, is the first in chronological order of all the lands which in Africa andPolynesia constitute the vast colonial dominion acquired bj' the Germans in thecourse of about four years. But Ilerr Liideritz, to whose energy and foresightthe mother country was indebted for the acquisition, soon after mysteriously
GERMAN SOUTH-WEST AFRICA. 61disaj^peared somewhere on the south coast ; and although the annexation hasbsen officially proclaimed, it is still far from being carried out. No militaryforce having been placed at the service of the traders, the conversion of thenatives into German subjects remains a pure fiction, nor does it prevent maraudingbands from lifting the cattle of the German commissioner at the very door of hisresidence. Hitherto the Berlin authorities have taken no active steps to asserttheir claims, beyoud forwarding a few rifles to the coast for distribution amongstthe warriors of the friendly or allied jjopulations. The rulers who command most20. Chief Routes of ExPLOuEEa in Dajxakaiand.Scale 1 : 7,000.000
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*~^J' »4V4-iu,J^MrM'*»(/>?'^* ;(l
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-fftv
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THE EARTH AND ITSINHABITANTSTHEUNIV
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^1 \r. ^\CONTENTS.CHAP. ""=I. AxOOL
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.IJST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.LIST OF ILLU
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THE UNIVERSAL GEOGRAPHY.SOUTH AND E
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—axCtOlan uplands. 3and separated
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ANGOLAN UPLANDS. 5in height, the hi
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AXGOLAN EIYEES. 7their sources beyo
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ANGOLAN EIVEES. 9tall reeds {arundo
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ANGOLAN CLIiLVTE. 11it freezes, as
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—ANGOLAN FLOEA. 13terminates abru
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ANGOLAN FAUNA. 15the coast, althoug
Page 37 and 38: —INHABITANTS OF ANGOLA. 17success
Page 39 and 40: IXnABITAXTS OF AXGOLA. 19practices.
Page 41 and 42: THE BUXDAS. 21lliey began to cxterm
Page 43 and 44: THE BU>rDAS. 23the deatli Las not b
Page 47 and 48: THE SOUrn ANGOLAN TEIBES. 25ITcauti
Page 49 and 50: ;THE SOUTH ANGOLAN TRIBES. 27are co
Page 51 and 52: —THE PEETO? AND EUEOPEAXSi, 29Eur
Page 53 and 54: THE SLAVE TEADE. 31tionised during
Page 55 and 56: —SAN-SALVADOE. 33priests ordained
Page 57 and 58: intervening houses have to be clear
Page 59 and 60: LOAN!) A. 37known, altliougli forme
Page 63 and 64: lo-\:n"da. . 39{cyprwa moticta), us
Page 65 and 66: MTJXIMA. 41the bar at its mouth, th
Page 67 and 68: AMBACA. 43was able to raise eight t
Page 69 and 70: PUNGO-NDONGO. 45almost complete dep
Page 71 and 72: BIHfi. 47as the region of the gi'ea
Page 73 and 74: BEXGUELLA. 49Velha, or "Old Benguel
Page 77 and 78: MOSSAMEDES. 51Mossamedes with their
Page 79 and 80: nUMrATA. 53facing the perils of for
Page 81 and 82: EESOUECES OF ANGOLA. 55tlie reckles
Page 83 and 84: BESOUECES OF ANGOLA. 67failure. Eve
Page 85: IADMINISTRATION OF ANGOLA. 59blacks
Page 89 and 90: PHYSICAL FEATURES OF SOUTH-WEST AFE
Page 93 and 94: THE SWAKOP AXD KnOSIB EIVEES.G5rese
Page 95 and 96: THE OVA-MBOS. 67vallej- has its ham
Page 97 and 98: THE HEREEOS. 69A few scattered grou
Page 99 and 100: THE HEEEROS, 71land." The total num
Page 101 and 102: THE nn,L DA^L\EAS AXD NAMAQUAS. 73i
Page 103 and 104: WAL\aSCn BAY. 75Topography.Hitherto
Page 107 and 108: ANGEA PEQUENA. 77something more tli
Page 109 and 110: SOUTH iU7EICA ^VXD ALGERIA COXTEAST
Page 112: ^M ihO Ha:
Page 116: —82 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.isolate
Page 120 and 121: 84 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.In the Gre
Page 122 and 123: 80 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.tlio Limpo
Page 124 and 125: 88 SOUTH AXD EAST AFRICA.only on ra
Page 126 and 127: 90 SOUTH AXD EAST AFRICA.Throuj^hou
Page 128 and 129: 92 SOUTH AND KAST AFRICA.The Kei, t
Page 130 and 131: 94 SOUTH AND KAST AFRICA.lJi;].A(;(
Page 133 and 134: THE LIMPOPO. 95basin, which has now
Page 135 and 136: CLIMATE OP 80UTU AFRICA. 97remarkab
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CLIJkLlTE OF SOUTH AFEICA. 99Ziilul
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FLOE A OF SOUTH AFEICA. 101husbandi
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FLORA OF SOUTH AFRICA. 103the curre
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FAUXA OF SOUTH AFRICA. 105consistin
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IXHABITANTS OF SOUTH AFEICA. 107hav
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TIIK BUSHMEN. 109Professor Flower h
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THE BUSHMEN.IllBushmen represent a
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THE nOTTEXTOTS.listelligible jargon
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THE HOTTENTOTS 115or their sojourn
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CAPE COLONY. 117Hottentots, are rea
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THEDufrkerl"^Slan^fCopPf^9^1Simon's
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HISTOEIC EETEOSrECT.ll'Jwas gradual
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mSTOEIC EETEOSPECT. 121ceased to fo
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TUE KAFIE W.\IIS. 123llicir Kafir n
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CAPE TOWN. 125they might succeed by
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^^:. . ;âmî:'M^^'^''^^.L
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128 POUTII ANT> EAF^T AFRirA.Amid t
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mnpnrxii axp kast afiîc.v.viciuity
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182 SOUTH AND EAST AFRTOA.miles to
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131 SOUTH AND EAST AFEICA.quarter,
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;186 SOUTH AND EAST ^VPRICA.little
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138 SOUTH AND E.VST AFEICA.and in c
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140 SOUTU AND KA.î' iU'lUCA.with r
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142 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.being lim
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144 SOUTH AKD EAST AFRTPA.with hoai
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146 SOUTH AND EAST AFEICA.aided by
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148 SOUTH .VXD EAST AFRICA.stronges
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160 SOUTH AND EAST AFBICA.was nn im
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152 POUTH AND EAST AFRICA.ground no
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THE KDIBEELEY MINES. 158quence ^vas
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KDIBEELEY—GEIQUA TOWN. 155connect
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BECHTJANALAND. 157the vallej' of th
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THE BECHUANAS. 159beneficial shower
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KUEXJMAN—YEIJBUEG. 161known as st
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SHOSHONG. 163The Ba-^raugwato natio
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THE BA-K.VLAIIAKI. 165century the i
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iBASUTOLAND. 167After founding the
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BASUTOLAND. 169bined with the valou
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KAFIELAND. 171accept concessions of
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"- j:,..,-.-*'.î;"/,c&/>^>^JeKAFIR
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174 ROUin ANP EAST AFKICA.TiiKAma-K
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171! SOrXII AND EAST AFRICA.rnNDOI.
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CHAPTER V.KATAL AND ZULULAND.TTE "C
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180 ÔrXII AXl) KAST AI'RHA.the cxc
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1B2SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.mimcrical
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1«1 SOUTH AND EAST iU-"lUCA." ovcr
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—IHGSOUTH AND lOAST ArRICA.of Mar
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;188 SULTII AND KA!>T AFltlCA.Natal
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190 SOUTH AND EAST AFIÎCA.read is
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iti2porrn .\xd east Africa.scene of
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—191 SOUTH AND EAST AFIUCA.acquii
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—CIIArXEH VI.THK DITTCH RRPUHLICS
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193 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.hidden by
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200 SOUTH AND HAST AFRICA.between C
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202 SOUTH AXD EAST AFRICA.\upper co
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201 SOLITII AMI i:\ST AFRICA.Accord
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;206 SOUTH AM) KAST Al'ltlCA.appoin
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TR.VXSVAAL. 207family, and are occa
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TIL:i2CSVAAL. 209been driven, and t
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TR.VN'SViV.VL. 211Jlr. W. n. Pennin
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TEANSVAAL. 218spot is shown the " "
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TRAXSYAAL. 215raad and of the Presi
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DELAGOA BAY. 217LouKEX(ô Marques.T
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DELAGOA BAY. 219age. The neighbouri
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CHAPTER YII.rORTUGTJESE POSSESSIONS
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GAZALAND. 223with its extremely pre
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FLOrtA OF r,AZ.y.AXD. 225veers roun
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4r^' iA.'fgijF;i;--^-'S
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228 SOUTH AXI) I'.AST AFEICA.the ki
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230 SOUTH AND E.VST AFEIC.V.bushmen
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—282 SOUTH AXD EAST AFRICA.brough
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•234 SOUTH AMI llAST AFKICA.In no
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230 SOUTU AND EAST AFKKA.continent.
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—238 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.Some t
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210 ?OUTir AXP EAST AFRICA.Zambosc.
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242 SOUTU AND EAST AFEICA.of volcau
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2USOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.the columns
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—246 SOUTH ANT) EAST AFRICA.trave
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248 SOTTTII AST) EAST AFRICA.name o
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—260 SOUTH AND EA8T AFinCA.< )ii
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252 SOUTH AND EAST AFEICA.TiiKZamhe
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251 SOUTU AND EAST AFIUCA.Climate o
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258 SOUTH AND KAsT AFIUCA.K;ifuk\\(
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THE AMliuKl.L.V^ 257Imiauixams or t
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TIIK l!A-T,UXIiA^;. 259The piiiiiil
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THE BAROTSK K^[^]^.K. 261liolub vis
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BABOTi^KLAND. 203they arrange tlic
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^rATEBELELAXD. 265not so much a nat
Page 341 and 342:
Tirn NrA>:nnxA?;. 267remains in his
Page 343 and 344:
TOPOGEAl'UV OF -XLVTEliELELAND. 269
Page 345 and 346:
TOrOGRAl'UY OF MAri'.l'.KI.KLAND. 2
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THE EA>;TEEX MAKOLOLOS. 273be regar
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KAEON'GA—BANDAAVE.27i" can admire
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.LAXTVPK. 277native chiefs have als
Page 353 and 354:
MOPEA-M.VZAEO. 279Toi'i)(.l{AIMIVOF
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CHAPTER IX.MOZ.UIBIQUE.FnOM TIIK Z.
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THE ^:A^[ULI mountains 283supposed
Page 359 and 360:
LAKE XYASSA. 285of the Zambese delt
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THE MOZAMBIUUE CURHEXT. 287grounded
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CLIMATE OF MOZAMBIQUE. 289off the c
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THE M.UvUAS. 291whole of the Matamb
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TIIK t.om'\vt:>: .\xi> vaos. 2onfro
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ZAMBT("irK T>:T.ANT». 293immunity
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Mii/.A:\[r.I(iUK ISLWD. 297b3gaiit)
Page 375 and 376:
ADXronSTRATION OF MOZAMBIQUE. 299mu
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ClIAl'TER X.Z.iJN'ZIB.VE.Gi:uM.vxEa
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AN'ZlBVTv. 303by a conventional lin
Page 382 and 383:
ZANZIBARAllEDSayid^ & ReefsExposed
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THE EUFIJI EIVEE. 805as they were f
Page 387 and 388:
LAKE EIKWA. 807rlisplaced. The allu
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FLORA OF USAGAEA. 809between the re
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Ti£E m^\:eondes. 311com])lotes tli
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THE WAZARAMOS. 818Ihe village, had
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THE WAi^WAITELI. 815remarkable skil
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MIKIXDAXL—UXDI. 817or else their
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KILOA. 319penetrates some 12 miles
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1)AE-ES-S-\L.\.VM. 821Ihe waters of
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SAADAXI. 328are taught various trad
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THE CAEAVAN TRADE. 325to forward go
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ISLAND OF MAFLV. 327two other islan
Page 413:
,g£S«=CS^T--'
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330 SOUTH AND KAST AFRICA.About the
Page 418 and 419:
332 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.from twel
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884 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.the great
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CHAPTER XI.KILIMA-NJARO, KENIA, MOM
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888 SOUTH AND EAST AFl!lf'A.Jolinsl
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—840 SOUTH AND EAST AFEICA.enormo
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—SI -2SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.cstiu
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—844 SOUTH AND EAST APEICA."Solit
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3IGSOUTH AND EAST Al'EIOA.of from 4
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313 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.a ilistau
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850 Bnl Til AN'D KAST Al'UlOA.!i iK
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352 SOUTH AXD EAST AFRICA.By taking
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864 SOUTH AND E^LST AFEIfA.The hipp
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356 . SOUTH AND EAST .Yl'RKW.Tin-:A
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868 SOTTTII AND EAST AmiCA.Each fam
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8G0SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.Amongst tl
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I802 SOUTH AXD EAST Al-'RICA.usual
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3C4SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.iiiuuy otl
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3GGSOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.At that ti
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8C8SOTTH AXD KAST AFRICA.Although i
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870 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.their res
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872 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.were fina
Page 462 and 463:
374 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.too confi
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876 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.tion to t
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878 SOUTH .VXD EAST AFRICA.those la
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880 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.the Katar
Page 470 and 471:
382 SOUTH AND EAST APRICA.The fiira
Page 472 and 473:
884 SOUTH AXD EAST AFRICA.uume of G
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—886 SOUTH AN'I» KAST AFRICA.for
Page 476 and 477:
38ftSOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.Ai-iibiii
Page 478 and 479:
yOOSOUTH AND KAST AFRICA.iistrich a
Page 480:
392 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.being det
Page 484 and 485:
894 SOUTH ANTJ EAST AFRICA.The Soma
Page 486 and 487:
8'JGSOUTH AM) EAST AFRICA.a conveni
Page 488 and 489:
;808 SOUTH AND JOAST AFltlCA.Hiiiit
Page 490 and 491:
400 SOUTH AND EAST AFKK'A.wars whic
Page 493 and 494:
TILE EASTERN G.\LL.VS. 401nation of
Page 495 and 496:
TIIH KASTKRN G.VI.LAS. 403the chang
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VITU LAND. 405claims and even threa
Page 499 and 500:
KISMAVU.—BARDERA. 407lion, lies n
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MAGDOSHU. 409which the natives had
Page 503 and 504:
OPIA.—BEEGHEL.4Uhowever, the numh
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STREET IN BERBERA.
Page 508 and 509:
414 SOUTH AND KAST Al'lUCA.to nil t
Page 510 and 511:
—CHAPTER XIII.EAST ATEICAN ISL.VN
Page 512:
•121 POUTII ANn EAST AFRICA.Europ
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MADAGASCAR 425islanders, wlio were
Page 519 and 520:
SOKOTEA. 417Inhabitants.The island
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SOKOTEA. 419Climate.— Prodicts.Th
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MADAGASCAR. 421name of the inhabita
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PHYSICAL FEATUEES OF MADAGASCAR. 42
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EIVERS OF MADAGASCAI!. 429It has be
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COAST or SIADAGASCAE. 481Thus the e
Page 532 and 533:
IIi
Page 534 and 535:
-431 SOl'TII AND K.VST ArRK'A.rocks
Page 536 and 537:
430 SOUTn AND EAST AFRICA.related b
Page 538 and 539:
438 SOUTH AND EAST AFEICA.Several o
Page 540 and 541:
440 SOUTU AXD EAST AFEICA.tbiitueut
Page 542 and 543:
442 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.themselve
Page 544 and 545:
444 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.the west
Page 546 and 547:
4 t(j SOUTH AXD EAST AFRTf'A.iippoi
Page 548 and 549:
448 SOUTH AND KAST AFRICA.and tremb
Page 550 and 551:
450 SOUTH AND EAST ^VFEICA.oujoyiug
Page 552 and 553:
lJ-2SOUTU AND EAST AFRICA.Sla\i:ky.
Page 554 and 555:
454 SOUTU AND EAST AFRICA.were all
Page 556:
l.-.OSOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.Farther
Page 560 and 561:
45a SOUTH AN1» EAST AFRICAAiiiloro
Page 562:
;4C0SOUTH AND EAST Al'RICA.several
Page 566 and 567:
462 SOUTH AM) EAST AFRICA.3,780 fee
Page 568 and 569:
464 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.Hoforo th
Page 570 and 571:
—466 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.revenu
Page 572:
488 SOUrn AMI RAST AFUK'A.lures ill
Page 576 and 577:
—470 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.on thi
Page 578 and 579:
-...I,.s, ..n.l .s ,lu. „l...u bo
Page 580 and 581:
471 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.till' IfK
Page 582 and 583:
. .III7GAITENDIX.Concclhos or Circl
Page 584 and 585:
;47aAPrENorx.. . ;Mugisteriul Diatr
Page 586 and 587:
Damaraland480 Ari'KNDIX.RAILWAYS.To
Page 588:
'.\482 Al'l'EXKIX.Anm-KungwoAma-ICo
Page 591 and 592:
ArrEXDIX. 485POrrLATION (WHITE) ACC
Page 593 and 594:
APPENDIX. 487Bapedi, East Lydenburg
Page 595 and 596:
IIAPPENDIX.4S9Maeohikori]Mtanue Nor
Page 597 and 598:
'APPENDIX. 491Wakwehe \'Wakami niJe
Page 599 and 600:
'APPENDIX. 493CHTEF DIVISIONS OF TH
Page 601 and 602:
APPENDIX. 495the coast dialects, ca
Page 603 and 604:
INDEX.Abai River, 3S4Aba-zanzi, 205
Page 605 and 606:
INDEX. 499Dar-es-Salaam, 3.'0Darode
Page 607 and 608:
INDEX. 501Lu-fu River, 6Lui^ River,
Page 609 and 610:
IXDEX. 503Sanyati. 264Siio-Jo.se, 3
Page 616:
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