The universal geography : earth and its inhabitants

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8'JGSOUTH AM) EAST AFRICA.a convenience, for they are great talkers, as well us very eager for news, so much80 tliat the Somali plants his spear at the entrance to his village to indicate thatthe road is barred to strangers until they have informed him of all the tidings fromthe distant parts whence they liave arrived.Somali Iând has for ages been wasted b}' incessani (lilial warfaie. " The onlvfield here cnltivated," says M. Ilevoil, in the figiirative language of the East, "isthe field of death."Being divided into a great number of petty states, the peopleare almost constantly at feud with each other. Each suspects his neighbour andthe warrior never goes abroad unarmed.The rich man has his gun, purchased inone of the seaport towns ; the poor have their spear and their dart, occasionally supplementedby a murderous double-edged blade and a knobkerry for braining theenemy that falls in the combat. Like the Masai, the Somali warrior usuallv" stands at ease "by leaning on his .spear and bending the right log, somewhat afterthe fashion of persons walking on stilts. He is proud of having killed his man,and to commemorate the event either adds an ostrich plume to his headdress orwears an ivory bracelet on his wrist.In some districts the friends of the departed hero pile round his grave as manyblocks as the victims that have fallen to his prowess. But it is fair to state thatif the Somali takes the life of his adversary without a pang, he is himself equallyindifferent to the same fate. When wounded he suffers without a murmur, andholds out his arm unflinchingly to the native surgeon, who cauterises it in hisprimitive way with fire or a red-hot iron. Thanks also to the climate, the Somalifrequently recovers from wounds that would inevitably prove fatal to a European.If it is honourable to kill, it is no less glorious to plunder, provided always thatit be done in open warfare. No one steals in time of peace, " because all the Somaliare brothers," and no one takes the superfluous trouble to close his house.But allare free to attack the stranger, who dare not even venture to penetrate into theirterritory until he has first procured by purchase an aban, that is, a protector orpatron in the tribe. When a vessel is wrecked on their inhospitable shores all claimthe established rights of flotsam and jetsam, and the wreckers hasten to the spotfrom distances of .sixty or seventy miles round about.Not a single household in thewhole of the Guardafui peninsula but has some objects to show which belongedto Europeans wrecked on the surrounding seaboard. Graves mentions a famoussheikh, a very pious devotee, who lived near the cape, and who, during the badseason, was handsomely feed to invoke Allah night and day in order to bring aboutthe wreck of pas.sing Christian vessels. But it should be remembered that not sovery long ago the villages along the west coast of France and south coast of Englandnot only prayed for such contingencies, but set up false beacons to allure theirvictims to destruction.The Somali of the coastlands, and notably the Mijertiu people, would considerthemselves degraded by cultivating the laud. They are shepherds, fishermen,sailors, or traders, but not husbandmen. Some are even daring mariners, who intheir light dhows of forty or fifty tons burden venture on long voyages to Bombayand Zanzibar. A great many live a half-nomad existence, following their flocks
POMALI TEIBE^. 897from pasturage to pasturage in the grassy regions of the interior.The industries,by far the most important of which is the manufacture of matting, are almostentirely in the hands of the women, who are all very laborious.Few of the tribes make any use of the horse, and it seems probable that thisanimal was not introduced into the country till comparatively recent times. Iteven still bears its Arab name of farm.According to Sottiro, every village in theOgaden territory keeps a park of a few dozen ostriches, which feed apart underthe charge of children, and which pa-
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*~^J' »4V4-iu,J^MrM'*»(/>?'^* ;(l
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-fftv
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THE EARTH AND ITSINHABITANTSTHEUNIV
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^1 \r. ^\CONTENTS.CHAP. ""=I. AxOOL
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.IJST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.LIST OF ILLU
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THE UNIVERSAL GEOGRAPHY.SOUTH AND E
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—axCtOlan uplands. 3and separated
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ANGOLAN UPLANDS. 5in height, the hi
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AXGOLAN EIYEES. 7their sources beyo
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ANGOLAN EIVEES. 9tall reeds {arundo
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ANGOLAN CLIiLVTE. 11it freezes, as
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—ANGOLAN FLOEA. 13terminates abru
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ANGOLAN FAUNA. 15the coast, althoug
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—INHABITANTS OF ANGOLA. 17success
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IXnABITAXTS OF AXGOLA. 19practices.
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THE BUXDAS. 21lliey began to cxterm
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THE BU>rDAS. 23the deatli Las not b
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THE SOUrn ANGOLAN TEIBES. 25ITcauti
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;THE SOUTH ANGOLAN TRIBES. 27are co
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—THE PEETO? AND EUEOPEAXSi, 29Eur
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THE SLAVE TEADE. 31tionised during
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—SAN-SALVADOE. 33priests ordained
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intervening houses have to be clear
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LOAN!) A. 37known, altliougli forme
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lo-\:n"da. . 39{cyprwa moticta), us
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MTJXIMA. 41the bar at its mouth, th
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AMBACA. 43was able to raise eight t
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PUNGO-NDONGO. 45almost complete dep
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BIHfi. 47as the region of the gi'ea
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BEXGUELLA. 49Velha, or "Old Benguel
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MOSSAMEDES. 51Mossamedes with their
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nUMrATA. 53facing the perils of for
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EESOUECES OF ANGOLA. 55tlie reckles
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BESOUECES OF ANGOLA. 67failure. Eve
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IADMINISTRATION OF ANGOLA. 59blacks
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GERMAN SOUTH-WEST AFRICA. 61disaj^p
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PHYSICAL FEATURES OF SOUTH-WEST AFE
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THE SWAKOP AXD KnOSIB EIVEES.G5rese
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THE OVA-MBOS. 67vallej- has its ham
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THE HEREEOS. 69A few scattered grou
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THE HEEEROS, 71land." The total num
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THE nn,L DA^L\EAS AXD NAMAQUAS. 73i
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WAL\aSCn BAY. 75Topography.Hitherto
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ANGEA PEQUENA. 77something more tli
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SOUTH iU7EICA ^VXD ALGERIA COXTEAST
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^M ihO Ha:
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—82 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.isolate
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84 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.In the Gre
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80 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.tlio Limpo
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88 SOUTH AXD EAST AFRICA.only on ra
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90 SOUTH AXD EAST AFRICA.Throuj^hou
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92 SOUTH AND KAST AFRICA.The Kei, t
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94 SOUTH AND KAST AFRICA.lJi;].A(;(
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THE LIMPOPO. 95basin, which has now
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CLIMATE OP 80UTU AFRICA. 97remarkab
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CLIJkLlTE OF SOUTH AFEICA. 99Ziilul
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FLOE A OF SOUTH AFEICA. 101husbandi
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FLORA OF SOUTH AFRICA. 103the curre
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FAUXA OF SOUTH AFRICA. 105consistin
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IXHABITANTS OF SOUTH AFEICA. 107hav
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TIIK BUSHMEN. 109Professor Flower h
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THE BUSHMEN.IllBushmen represent a
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THE nOTTEXTOTS.listelligible jargon
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THE HOTTENTOTS 115or their sojourn
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CAPE COLONY. 117Hottentots, are rea
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THEDufrkerl"^Slan^fCopPf^9^1Simon's
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HISTOEIC EETEOSrECT.ll'Jwas gradual
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mSTOEIC EETEOSPECT. 121ceased to fo
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TUE KAFIE W.\IIS. 123llicir Kafir n
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CAPE TOWN. 125they might succeed by
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^^:. . ;âmî:'M^^'^''^^.L
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128 POUTII ANT> EAF^T AFRirA.Amid t
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mnpnrxii axp kast afiîc.v.viciuity
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182 SOUTH AND EAST AFRTOA.miles to
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131 SOUTH AND EAST AFEICA.quarter,
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;186 SOUTH AND EAST ^VPRICA.little
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138 SOUTH AND E.VST AFEICA.and in c
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140 SOUTU AND KA.î' iU'lUCA.with r
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142 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.being lim
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144 SOUTH AKD EAST AFRTPA.with hoai
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146 SOUTH AND EAST AFEICA.aided by
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148 SOUTH .VXD EAST AFRICA.stronges
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160 SOUTH AND EAST AFBICA.was nn im
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152 POUTH AND EAST AFRICA.ground no
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THE KDIBEELEY MINES. 158quence ^vas
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KDIBEELEY—GEIQUA TOWN. 155connect
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BECHTJANALAND. 157the vallej' of th
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THE BECHUANAS. 159beneficial shower
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KUEXJMAN—YEIJBUEG. 161known as st
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SHOSHONG. 163The Ba-^raugwato natio
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THE BA-K.VLAIIAKI. 165century the i
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iBASUTOLAND. 167After founding the
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BASUTOLAND. 169bined with the valou
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KAFIELAND. 171accept concessions of
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"- j:,..,-.-*'.î;"/,c&/>^>^JeKAFIR
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174 ROUin ANP EAST AFKICA.TiiKAma-K
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171! SOrXII AND EAST AFRICA.rnNDOI.
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CHAPTER V.KATAL AND ZULULAND.TTE "C
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180 ÔrXII AXl) KAST AI'RHA.the cxc
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1B2SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.mimcrical
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1«1 SOUTH AND EAST iU-"lUCA." ovcr
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—IHGSOUTH AND lOAST ArRICA.of Mar
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;188 SULTII AND KA!>T AFltlCA.Natal
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190 SOUTH AND EAST AFIÎCA.read is
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iti2porrn .\xd east Africa.scene of
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—191 SOUTH AND EAST AFIUCA.acquii
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—CIIArXEH VI.THK DITTCH RRPUHLICS
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193 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.hidden by
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200 SOUTH AND HAST AFRICA.between C
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202 SOUTH AXD EAST AFRICA.\upper co
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201 SOLITII AMI i:\ST AFRICA.Accord
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;206 SOUTH AM) KAST Al'ltlCA.appoin
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TR.VXSVAAL. 207family, and are occa
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TIL:i2CSVAAL. 209been driven, and t
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TR.VN'SViV.VL. 211Jlr. W. n. Pennin
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TEANSVAAL. 218spot is shown the " "
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TRAXSYAAL. 215raad and of the Presi
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DELAGOA BAY. 217LouKEX(ô Marques.T
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DELAGOA BAY. 219age. The neighbouri
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CHAPTER YII.rORTUGTJESE POSSESSIONS
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GAZALAND. 223with its extremely pre
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FLOrtA OF r,AZ.y.AXD. 225veers roun
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4r^' iA.'fgijF;i;--^-'S
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228 SOUTH AXI) I'.AST AFEICA.the ki
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230 SOUTH AND E.VST AFEIC.V.bushmen
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—282 SOUTH AXD EAST AFRICA.brough
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•234 SOUTH AMI llAST AFKICA.In no
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230 SOUTU AND EAST AFKKA.continent.
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—238 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.Some t
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210 ?OUTir AXP EAST AFRICA.Zambosc.
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242 SOUTU AND EAST AFEICA.of volcau
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2USOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.the columns
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—246 SOUTH ANT) EAST AFRICA.trave
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248 SOTTTII AST) EAST AFRICA.name o
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—260 SOUTH AND EA8T AFinCA.< )ii
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252 SOUTH AND EAST AFEICA.TiiKZamhe
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251 SOUTU AND EAST AFIUCA.Climate o
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258 SOUTH AND KAsT AFIUCA.K;ifuk\\(
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THE AMliuKl.L.V^ 257Imiauixams or t
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TIIK l!A-T,UXIiA^;. 259The piiiiiil
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THE BAROTSK K^[^]^.K. 261liolub vis
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BABOTi^KLAND. 203they arrange tlic
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^rATEBELELAXD. 265not so much a nat
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Tirn NrA>:nnxA?;. 267remains in his
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TOPOGEAl'UV OF -XLVTEliELELAND. 269
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TOrOGRAl'UY OF MAri'.l'.KI.KLAND. 2
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THE EA>;TEEX MAKOLOLOS. 273be regar
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KAEON'GA—BANDAAVE.27i" can admire
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.LAXTVPK. 277native chiefs have als
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MOPEA-M.VZAEO. 279Toi'i)(.l{AIMIVOF
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CHAPTER IX.MOZ.UIBIQUE.FnOM TIIK Z.
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THE ^:A^[ULI mountains 283supposed
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LAKE XYASSA. 285of the Zambese delt
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THE MOZAMBIUUE CURHEXT. 287grounded
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CLIMATE OF MOZAMBIQUE. 289off the c
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THE M.UvUAS. 291whole of the Matamb
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TIIK t.om'\vt:>: .\xi> vaos. 2onfro
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ZAMBT("irK T>:T.ANT». 293immunity
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Mii/.A:\[r.I(iUK ISLWD. 297b3gaiit)
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ADXronSTRATION OF MOZAMBIQUE. 299mu
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ClIAl'TER X.Z.iJN'ZIB.VE.Gi:uM.vxEa
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AN'ZlBVTv. 303by a conventional lin
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ZANZIBARAllEDSayid^ & ReefsExposed
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THE EUFIJI EIVEE. 805as they were f
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LAKE EIKWA. 807rlisplaced. The allu
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FLORA OF USAGAEA. 809between the re
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Ti£E m^\:eondes. 311com])lotes tli
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THE WAZARAMOS. 818Ihe village, had
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THE WAi^WAITELI. 815remarkable skil
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MIKIXDAXL—UXDI. 817or else their
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KILOA. 319penetrates some 12 miles
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1)AE-ES-S-\L.\.VM. 821Ihe waters of
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SAADAXI. 328are taught various trad
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THE CAEAVAN TRADE. 325to forward go
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ISLAND OF MAFLV. 327two other islan
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,g£S«=CS^T--'
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330 SOUTH AND KAST AFRICA.About the
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332 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.from twel
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884 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.the great
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CHAPTER XI.KILIMA-NJARO, KENIA, MOM
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888 SOUTH AND EAST AFl!lf'A.Jolinsl
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—840 SOUTH AND EAST AFEICA.enormo
Page 428 and 429:
—SI -2SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.cstiu
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—844 SOUTH AND EAST APEICA."Solit
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3IGSOUTH AND EAST Al'EIOA.of from 4
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313 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.a ilistau
Page 436 and 437: 850 Bnl Til AN'D KAST Al'UlOA.!i iK
Page 438 and 439: 352 SOUTH AXD EAST AFRICA.By taking
Page 440 and 441: 864 SOUTH AND E^LST AFEIfA.The hipp
Page 442 and 443: 356 . SOUTH AND EAST .Yl'RKW.Tin-:A
Page 444 and 445: 868 SOTTTII AND EAST AmiCA.Each fam
Page 446 and 447: 8G0SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.Amongst tl
Page 448 and 449: I802 SOUTH AXD EAST Al-'RICA.usual
Page 450 and 451: 3C4SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.iiiuuy otl
Page 452 and 453: 3GGSOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.At that ti
Page 454: 8C8SOTTH AXD KAST AFRICA.Although i
Page 458 and 459: 870 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.their res
Page 460 and 461: 872 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.were fina
Page 462 and 463: 374 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.too confi
Page 464 and 465: 876 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.tion to t
Page 466 and 467: 878 SOUTH .VXD EAST AFRICA.those la
Page 468 and 469: 880 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.the Katar
Page 470 and 471: 382 SOUTH AND EAST APRICA.The fiira
Page 472 and 473: 884 SOUTH AXD EAST AFRICA.uume of G
Page 474 and 475: —886 SOUTH AN'I» KAST AFRICA.for
Page 476 and 477: 38ftSOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.Ai-iibiii
Page 478 and 479: yOOSOUTH AND KAST AFRICA.iistrich a
Page 480: 392 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.being det
Page 484 and 485: 894 SOUTH ANTJ EAST AFRICA.The Soma
Page 488 and 489: ;808 SOUTH AND JOAST AFltlCA.Hiiiit
Page 490 and 491: 400 SOUTH AND EAST AFKK'A.wars whic
Page 493 and 494: TILE EASTERN G.\LL.VS. 401nation of
Page 495 and 496: TIIH KASTKRN G.VI.LAS. 403the chang
Page 497 and 498: VITU LAND. 405claims and even threa
Page 499 and 500: KISMAVU.—BARDERA. 407lion, lies n
Page 501 and 502: MAGDOSHU. 409which the natives had
Page 503 and 504: OPIA.—BEEGHEL.4Uhowever, the numh
Page 505: STREET IN BERBERA.
Page 508 and 509: 414 SOUTH AND KAST Al'lUCA.to nil t
Page 510 and 511: —CHAPTER XIII.EAST ATEICAN ISL.VN
Page 512: •121 POUTII ANn EAST AFRICA.Europ
Page 517 and 518: MADAGASCAR 425islanders, wlio were
Page 519 and 520: SOKOTEA. 417Inhabitants.The island
Page 521 and 522: SOKOTEA. 419Climate.— Prodicts.Th
Page 523 and 524: MADAGASCAR. 421name of the inhabita
Page 525 and 526: PHYSICAL FEATUEES OF MADAGASCAR. 42
Page 527 and 528: EIVERS OF MADAGASCAI!. 429It has be
Page 529 and 530: COAST or SIADAGASCAE. 481Thus the e
Page 532 and 533: IIi
Page 534 and 535: -431 SOl'TII AND K.VST ArRK'A.rocks
Page 536 and 537:
430 SOUTn AND EAST AFRICA.related b
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438 SOUTH AND EAST AFEICA.Several o
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440 SOUTU AXD EAST AFEICA.tbiitueut
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442 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.themselve
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444 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.the west
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4 t(j SOUTH AXD EAST AFRTf'A.iippoi
Page 548 and 549:
448 SOUTH AND KAST AFRICA.and tremb
Page 550 and 551:
450 SOUTH AND EAST ^VFEICA.oujoyiug
Page 552 and 553:
lJ-2SOUTU AND EAST AFRICA.Sla\i:ky.
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454 SOUTU AND EAST AFRICA.were all
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l.-.OSOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.Farther
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45a SOUTH AN1» EAST AFRICAAiiiloro
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;4C0SOUTH AND EAST Al'RICA.several
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462 SOUTH AM) EAST AFRICA.3,780 fee
Page 568 and 569:
464 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.Hoforo th
Page 570 and 571:
—466 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.revenu
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488 SOUrn AMI RAST AFUK'A.lures ill
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—470 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.on thi
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-...I,.s, ..n.l .s ,lu. „l...u bo
Page 580 and 581:
471 SOUTH AND EAST AFRICA.till' IfK
Page 582 and 583:
. .III7GAITENDIX.Concclhos or Circl
Page 584 and 585:
;47aAPrENorx.. . ;Mugisteriul Diatr
Page 586 and 587:
Damaraland480 Ari'KNDIX.RAILWAYS.To
Page 588:
'.\482 Al'l'EXKIX.Anm-KungwoAma-ICo
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ArrEXDIX. 485POrrLATION (WHITE) ACC
Page 593 and 594:
APPENDIX. 487Bapedi, East Lydenburg
Page 595 and 596:
IIAPPENDIX.4S9Maeohikori]Mtanue Nor
Page 597 and 598:
'APPENDIX. 491Wakwehe \'Wakami niJe
Page 599 and 600:
'APPENDIX. 493CHTEF DIVISIONS OF TH
Page 601 and 602:
APPENDIX. 495the coast dialects, ca
Page 603 and 604:
INDEX.Abai River, 3S4Aba-zanzi, 205
Page 605 and 606:
INDEX. 499Dar-es-Salaam, 3.'0Darode
Page 607 and 608:
INDEX. 501Lu-fu River, 6Lui^ River,
Page 609 and 610:
IXDEX. 503Sanyati. 264Siio-Jo.se, 3
Page 616:
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