Dissertation - FTP Directory Listing - University of Surrey

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100Number of pixels1015350 5400 5450 5500 5550 5600 5650 5700 5750Pixel values [DN]Figure 4.37 Histogram of dark pixel values for TEMAPSro slow amplifier outputThe tests were repeated for the fast amplifier output and the results are complied in the table belowPerformance parameterOuputSlowFastConversion gain K (DN/e-) 0.048 ± 0.005 0.049 ± 0.005Quantum efficiency (%) 19 ± 1 18 ± 1Noise (e-) 79 ± 1 93 ± 1Linear full well (e-) 77,500 ± 400 78,600 ± 400Table 4.8 Comparison of TEMAPSro output amplifier resultsThe results from the 2 outputs agree quite well with each other in terms of conversion gain, QE andfull well capacity. This is expected as the pixels themselves are identical it’s just the output amplifierthat is different. As the fast amplifier samples higher frequencies it is also subject to higher noisedue to noise present at these higher frequencies, this is reflected in the results found as the fastamplifier shows about 14e- more noise in the signal.72
4.5.2. Binning mode resultsIt was found that the fourth row of the sensor was not working correctly so it could not be includedin the binning modes so full 4 by 4 binning could not be tested. Figure 4.38 shows the photontransfer curves for several binning modes (all results are for the fast amplifier output). As can beseen the variance in pixel values decreases as more pixels are binned. This follows expectations aspixels are summed their variance is averaged and so decreases linearly with the number of pixelsbeing binned.160temp.var - dark.temp.var [DN]140120100806040200-200 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000uy - uy. darkNormal mode X2X1 Binning mode X1X2 Binning modeX2X2 Binning mode X4X2 Binning modeFigure 4.38 Photon transfer curve for different binning modes of TEMAPSro fast amplifier outputIt can be seen that X2X1 and X1X2 binning modes show very similar outputs, so binning in rows orcolumns produces the same effect as expected.73
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ABSTRACTThe characterisation of fou
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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONSAPSCCDCDSCMOSD
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2.8.3. FORTIS .....................
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CHAPTER 4Figure 4.1 LED uniformity
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Over the next 30 years CCDs improve
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There are 3 main types of semicondu
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2.2. Photodetectors2.2.1. The Photo
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V G < V FB V FB < V G < V T V T < V
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Figure 2.5 Cross sectional diagram
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2.3.1.2. Interline transferIn an in
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Figure 2.9 NMOS transistor operatin
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in three main categories of CMOS se
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transistor M SEL is turned on and t
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qK = ×cA SF(2.5)Where:K = conversi
Page 30 and 31: 2.4.6. Signal to noise ratioSNR is
Page 32 and 33: When h/ ≫ this equation reduces
Page 34 and 35: The gain functions in this relation
Page 36 and 37: Where: σ (DNTOTAL) is the total no
Page 38 and 39: The Aspect system is a complete tes
Page 40 and 41: The pixel architecture (Figure 2. .
Page 42 and 43: eset, hence reducing kT/C noise. In
Page 44 and 45: Figure 2.28 Readout structure of TE
Page 46 and 47: 3.2. Sensor characterisationThe Asp
Page 48 and 49: Once everything was setup and the c
Page 50 and 51: From this it can be seen that for e
Page 52 and 53: 4.2.2. A test structure results:The
Page 54 and 55: values is 493.7 DN. The noise of te
Page 56 and 57: 20,100e-. Finally Figure 4.9 shows
Page 58 and 59: This test structure demonstrates go
Page 60 and 61: 4.2.5. D test structure results:Fig
Page 62 and 63: Of the two variants it appears D2 p
Page 64 and 65: 100Number of pixels1012000 2200 240
Page 66 and 67: As can be seen the plot exhibits so
Page 68 and 69: 100000uy - uy. dark [DN]10000100010
Page 70 and 71: the halogen lamp had to tested with
Page 72 and 73: have an effect it is not great enou
Page 74 and 75: 10000010000uy - uy. dark [DN]100010
Page 76 and 77: temp.var - dark.temp.var [DN]500004
Page 78 and 79: effect of these changes can’t be
Page 82 and 83: 10000Linearityuy - uy. dark [DN]100
Page 84 and 85: lower than the standard diode. The
Page 86 and 87: 6. REFERENCES1. http://cerncourier.
Page 88 and 89: 7. APPENDICES7.1. Appendix A: EMVA
Page 90 and 91: 7.2. Appendix B: Aspect quick start
Page 92 and 93: iii)iv)Once you have followed all o
Page 94 and 95: 5. Running idVIEWi) Before running
Page 96 and 97: a) Taking Measurements with only on
Page 98 and 99: a) The EMVA Standard takes into con
Page 100 and 101: 7.3. Appendix C: Per pixel analysis
Page 102 and 103: Plot the gradient of the PTC by dra
Page 104: The final tab which both the integr
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