The Impact of Mungbean Research in China

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2.2.1 Main season type with highyield and good qualityZhong Lu #1 (VC1973A) was introduced fromabroad by CAAS. It is widely adaptable and productive.Expected yields range from 1500 to 2250kg/ha, with a maximum yield of 4500 kg/ha reportedfrom a research station. This is the most popularvariety in China.Zhong Lu #2 is a selection from VC2719A. Itsyields are high and reliable. Expected yields rangefrom 1800 to 2250 kg/ha, with a maximum yield of4050 kg/ha reported. It has been extended into themain mungbean production areas of China.Er Lu #2 is a selection from VC2778A. Its expectedyield is 1950 kg/ha. The variety is widelyplanted in Hubei, Henan, and Shanxi provinces.Su Lu #1 (VC2768A) was introduced by CAASfrom abroad. It is suitable for mechanized farming.Expected yields range from 1500 to 2250 kg/ha,with a maximum yield of 3000 kg/ha reported. It isespecially suitable in such areas as Beijing, Henan,Anhui, Jiangsu, and Guangdong provinces. It isnamed differently in different places, e.g., Su Lu #1in Jiangsu, Yueyin yihao in Guangdong, and Jinluyihao in Shanxi.Yu Lu #2 was generated by crossing VC1562Aand local variety Bo Ai Zai. Yu Lu #2 has wide adaptabilityand can grow in main mungbean producingareas. Its expected yield is 1800 kg/ha, with yieldsreaching as high as 3513 kg/ha. This is the firstvariety developed in China by crossing different lines.Ji Lu #2 was generated by crossing VC2719Aand local variety Miaoyang ludou. Ji Lu #2 is especiallysuitable for planting in Hebei province andsimilar ecological areas. Expected yields rangefrom 1500 to 2200 kg/ha.2.2.2 Early maturing varietiesFangshan Mungbean 634 (C0067) is a localvariety in Fangshan, Beijing. Its expected yield isabout 1500 kg/ha. It is especially suitable for plantingin northeastern China, Huabei district, andHenan, Shandong, and Shanxi provinces.Wei Lu #1 was generated by crossing VC2719with local varieties of Weifang in Shangdong province.When cultivated in summer, expected yieldis 2250 kg/ha and maximum yield is 2550 kg/ha;when cultivated in spring, expected yield is 2650kg/ha and maximum yield is 3000 kg/ha.2.2.3 Mungbean sprout varietiesGaoyang Xiao Mungbean is a local variety inHebei. Expected yields range from 1500 to 2250kg/ha. It is especially suitable for planting in northeastChina, Huabei district, and Jiangsu, Shandong,and Henan provinces.Ming Lu 245 is a selection from local varietiesof Inner Mongolia by CAAS. Expected yields rangefrom 1125 to 1500 kg/ha. It is especially suitablefor planting in areas such as Beijing, Tianjin, andJiangsu, Shandong, Henan, and Hunan provinces.2.2.4 Green manure varietiesZhi Xiao Li Ming 317 is a variety selected fromlocal varieties in Hebei. Its branches and leavesare suitable for green manure and forage. It growswell in Tianjin, Liaoning, Henan and Anhui, and alsoin the chilly area of Bashang in Hebei.Nan Lu #2 is a selection from V1381. Expectedyields range from 1500 to 2200 kg/ha, with yieldsreaching as high as 3000 kg/ha. It is especiallysuitable for planting in such areas as Beijing, Hebei,Henan, Hubei, and Sichuang provinces.3
3 China’s mungbean production policiesThe Chinese government has always paid greatattention to grain production and emphasized itsgrowth in the development of the overall ruraleconomy. Therefore, a reform of the grain distributionsystem was put into place. At present, a strategicadjustment in China’s agriculture structure hasbeen implemented based on the situation that theaggregate supply of, and aggregate demand formajor agricultural products are either balanced oraggregate supply surpasses aggregated demandin the years of good harvests.The main elements of the grain distribution systemreform are: 1) the purchase of all surplus grainfrom farmers at protected prices; 2) enterprises engagedin grain business operate on the basis ofpurchasing price plus reasonable profit margin; 3)funds for purchasing grain from farmers must beearmarked for that specific purpose; and 4) the reformof grain enterprises shall be conducted in arapid manner. In 2001, a further reform took placeand measures such as lifting controls in marketingareas were adopted (Ministry of Agriculture of China2002). The reform and improvement of the grain distributionsystem have positively contributed to thestabilization of grain production and ensuring foodsecurity. Futures markets have contributed to thesteady increase of the national economy.Mungbeans are categorized as a minor miscellaneousgrain crop in China. Its production issubject to the reforms of the grain distribution system.Mungbean was among the first products whoseprices were opened to the market, and its productionand consumption are subject to market forces.Without market regulation, mungbean productionis influenced by its supply and demand as well asprice differences with other grain products.The mungbean futures market has been carriedout at the Zhengzhou Commodity Exchangesince 1993 and mungbean futures trading has operatedsuccessfully. Now “Zhengzhou Ludou” hasbecome an important signal representing the supplyand demand of Chinese mungbean (ZhengzhouCommodity Exchange 2002).4
Page 3 and 4: AVRDC—The World Vegetable Center
Page 5 and 6: List of TablesTable 1. Ten leading
Page 7: 2 Mungbean research in China2.1 Cro
Page 11 and 12: 4.2 Mungbean production trendsSince
Page 13 and 14: staple grains. Fluctuations in area
Page 15 and 16: 5 Mungbean consumption in ChinaMung
Page 17 and 18: 6 International mungbean tradeChina
Page 19 and 20: Compared to mungbean exports, the a
Page 21 and 22: 7 Price analysis of mungbean in Chi
Page 23: 7.3 Price differences amongregionsS
Page 26 and 27: mungbean research has generated hig
Page 28 and 29: 10 SummaryMungbean has been an impo
Page 30 and 31: AnnexesAnnex 1. Estimation of mungb
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The Impact of Mungbean Research in China

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