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Part III. Appendix 4: User OutreachNATURAL HAZARDSTeam Members: Malcolm Spaulding and Suzanne Van CootenIntroductionInformation on the communities concerned with Goal 2 of IOOS, i.e., more effectively mitigatingthe effects of natural hazards, was gathered by means of an email message (Annex A) sent to twoemail server lists, coastal_list@udel.edu and mem@appsci.com. The first list has approximately 800subscribers and reaches most of the coastal engineering community, while the second has 400 subscribersand is targeted to the marine environmental modeling community. Both lists are internationalin scope, but the majority of the subscribers are from the United States.Respondents to the natural hazards solicitation were requested, at a minimum, to provide the following:(1) brief explanation of natural hazards that would benefit from an IOOS, (2) the principalcommunity of interest and their characteristics, (3) principal data variables that are required, (4)issues of concern or attributes that are critical to the application (e.g., timely access to data, ease ofaccess, accuracy). This section summarizes the responses received from this email survey on eachnatural hazard that would potentially benefit from IOOS. A record of individual responses is presentedin Annex B. The vast majority of the responses received concern storm impacts on coastalresources. All other natural hazards, including tsunamis, received substantially less input, and soresponses are summarized for two groups, storm impacts and tsunami hazards. Storm impactsare generated by the phenomena of storm surge, wind, and wave, which act on coastal areas andstructures (buildings, infrastructure—roads, power lines, sewer and water distribution systems—beaches/shorelines, drainage systems, groins, breakwaters, piers, and bulkheads). Other naturalhazards are functions of tsunami generation, propagation, and run-up.The communities of interest for storm impacts include property owners, residents, or users of theimpacted coastal area. In addition, those people with a financial or personal interest in structuresand infrastructure subject to damage, such as roads, bridges, marinas, ports, and harbors, are clearlyconcerned about mitigation of coastal hazards. Included in this group are beach users, boat owners,and businesses dependent upon the impacted area.Also concerned with storm impacts are governmental entities with responsibilities for insuring,maintaining, regulating, or protecting the groups outlined above. These include the federal (FederalEmergency Management Agency [FEMA], Army Corps of Engineers, U.S. Coast Guard, NOAA),state, and local (police, fire, sanitation, permitting, health, etc.) governments. Coastal states oftenhave a variety of agencies with responsibilities paralleling their federal counterparts.231