ANNUAL REPORT Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy ...

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Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesAnnual ReportNew Progress of Fertilizer Application and Nitrogen Cycle Studyfor the Mountain Agroecological SystemFertilizer application in the agroecologicalsystem plays an important role in improving corpyield and maintaining provisionment. However,excessive fertilizer application also leads to waterpollution and other environment problems. It alsobecomes an important origin of greenhouse gasemission. Improving the efficiency of fertilizerapplication food security, reduces environmentalpollution caused by excessive fertilizer application,and alleviates greenhouse gases and climate changes.Field experiments show that the improved nutrientmanagement method can reduce the application offertilizer. However, it is unclear about measures bywhich the efficiency of fertilizer application may bedramatically raised.According to features of different agroecologicalareas in the mountainous region of Yunnan (seepictures), in Researchers from XU Jian-Chu ResearchTeam of KIB selected and investigated 1199 peasanthouseholds from 51 villages from 2008 to 2009.Through questionnaires on fertilizer application bypeasants, the research team systematically compareddifferent fertilizer application in terms of corptypes, peasant households and areas, and analyzedfertilizer application factors and relationshipsbetween nutrient balance and fertilizer application.Based on this, they discussed related policies andpointed out that diversified fertilizer application isthe largest challenge for Yunnan and even for Chinato formulate fertilizer policies. They also highlightedthe importance of formulating fertilizer managementpolicies upon different conditions and implementingthe service-oriented agricultural skills promotionsystem for realizing the sustainable agriculturaldevelopment. These research results have beenpublished on the website of Agricultural Systems asthe mainstream journal of the agricultural industry.The map of investigated agroecological areas in the mountainous region of Yunnan —— HIGHLIGHTS OF ACHIEVEMENTS ——
Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesAnnual ReportResearch of floral polymorphism in heterostylousLuculia pinceana (Rubiaceae)Both deterministic and stochastic forcesdetermine the representation and frequency offloral morphs in heterostylous plant populations.Phylogeographic analysis of molecular variation canprovide information on the role of historical factors,including founder events, in affecting populationmorph structure. KIB investigate geographicalpatterns of floral morph variation in a distylousshrub Luculia pinceana (Rubiaceae) by examiningthe relations between floral polymorphism andmolecular (cpDNA and microsatellite) variation in25 populations sampled throughout the distributionof the species in southwest China and adjacentcountries. In 19 of the 25 populations the frequencyof floral morphs was not significantly different fromthe expected 1:1 ratio. The remaining populationswere either L-morph biased or monomorphic for thisform and were morphologically differentiated fromthe remaining populations in several floral traits.Phylogeographic analysis supports the hypothesisthat L. pinceana was initially split into west-centraland eastern lineages in the Early Pleistocene (~1.982Mya). A centrally located lineage composed ofmorph-biased and monomorphic populations appearsto have been subsequently derived from the westcentrallineage, perhaps by a founder event afterthe last glacial maximum. Differences in the selfcompatibilitystatus of floral morphs and the pattern ofinheritance for distyly provide a plausible explanationfor the origin of stylar monomorphism in this species.This research was published in Molecular Ecology(2012. 21: 4631-4645).Geographical patterns of floral morph frequenciesand molecular variation in 25 populations of distylousLuculia pinceana sampled from southwestern China andneighboring countries.Neighbor-joining tree illustrating the geneticrelationships among 25 populations of Luculia pinceana,based on unbiased genetic distance (D) calculated fromSSR data.—— HIGHLIGHTS OF ACHIEVEMENTS ——
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ANNUAL REPORT Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy ...

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