Solomon Islands - Asia & the Pacific

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Solomon Islands: Analysis of Poverty from 2005/2006 HIES7. Who Are the Poor and What aretheir Characteristics?7.1 Location of the Rural Poor98. To gain a better understanding of thedifferences between the Honiara andthe rural areas in terms of access toservices and general living conditions,the next section begins to analyse theseissues. Although the actual incidenceof poverty as measured by the BNPLabove shows that 24.6% of Honiara HHand 18.8% of rural HH fell below therespective poverty lines, the followinganalysis of characteristics looks at HH inthe lowest three expenditure deciles ineach region.99. The following tables and charts thereforebegin to analyse the characteristics ofthe poor in the sense of those in thelowest three deciles of adult equivalentper capita expenditure. It compares thecircumstances of these households withthose households deemed “non-poor”.Table 17 and Charts 8 and 9 illustrate thelocation of the rural poor by householdand population respectively across theprovinces. The charts show that theprovinces of Choiseul, Malaita, Makira,and Temotu are over-represented in thelowest three deciles relative to their shareof the rural population overall.100. On the other hand, the Western, Isabeland Guadalcanal provinces are underrepresentedrelative to their share ofrural HH and population. While thelargest proportion of rural poor (lowestthree deciles of weekly per capita a.e.household expenditure) are located inMalaita province (33.5% of HH and 34.5%of population); these proportions areonly slightly above Malaita’s relative shareof the overall rural population (29.4% ofHH and 30.9% of population).% of all HH% of HH% of HH4035302520151050403530252015105020181614121086420ChoiseulTable 18Proportion of Households Heads Aged 60+ Years By Decileper capita HH expenditureProvincial -deciles National Honiara Urban RuralAverage all Households12.4Lowest Quintile 18.6Lowest Three DecilesHighest Quintile16.99.5NationalChart 8Location of the Rural Poor: HouseholdsWestern Isabel Central Renebell Guadalcanal Malaita Makira TemotuProportion of all Rural HHChart 9Location of the Rural Poor: PopulationChoiseul Western Isabel Central Renebell Guadalcanal Malaita Makira TemotuProportion of all Rural PopulationProportion of HH in Lowest 3DProportion of all Rural Population in Lowest 3DChart 10HH Heads Aged 60+ Years4.15.64.23.24.86.35.94.5Honiara Provincial-Urban RuralAverage all Households Lowest Quintile Lowest Three Deciles Highest Quintile13.716.515.713.230Estimation of National Poverty Lines and Poverty Incidence
Solomon Islands: Analysis of Poverty from 2005/2006 HIES101. Relative to its share in the overall rural population,Makira/ Ulawa is the most disadvantagedTable 19Proportion of Households Headed by Females By Decileprovince. The province accounted for 9.9% of all Per capita HH expenditureProvincial -rural HH and 10.8% of the total rural population,but had 15.3% of all rural poor HH and 16.4%of the total rural poor population. Temotu wasthe next most disadvantaged; this provinceAverage all HouseholdsLowest QuintileLowest Three Deciles6.57.77.3Honiara8.87.59.0Urban7.610.29.1accounted for 5.7% of all rural HH and 5.2% ofHighest Quintile 7.414.710.5the total rural population, but had 8.4% of all rural poor HH and 8.0% of the total rural poor population.7.2 Age of Household Heads102. Table 18 indicates that a higher proportion of poor HH are headed by elderly persons. In the country as a whole12.4% of HH were headed by those aged 60+; however in the lowest three deciles the proportion rises to 16.9%.Between the three regions Honiara had the lowest proportion of HH headed by elderly persons, 4.1%. However, inthe lowest quintile the proportion was 5.6%. In the rural areas, on average 13.7% of HH were headed by the elderlyand in the lowest three deciles the proportion was 15.7%. This indicates that most of the elderly-headed HH arein the rural areas and supports the suggestion that dependency ratios in the rural areas are increasing as youngpeople move away, either to the provincial-urban centres or to Honiara.103. Chart 10 illustrates the gender perspective of elderly headed households in poverty. The chart shows thatapproximately 38% of male elderly-headed households were in the lowest three deciles compared withapproximately 27% of female elderly-headed households. At the other end of the expenditure scale some 36%of male elderly-headed households were in the top three deciles compared with 30% of those elderly femaleheaded households.7.3 Gender of Household Heads104. The proportions of female-headed households are shown in Table 19. This suggests that female headed householdsare slightly disadvantaged overall. However such HH are also significantly over-represented in the highest quintileof Honiara HH where they represent 14.7% of HH, compared to 8.8% of HH in Honiara as a whole. In the provincialurbancentres and rural areas female-headed HH are slightly over-represented in the lowest three deciles. In theprovincial urban centres they account for 9.1% of those HH in the lowest three deciles, compared with 7.6%of all provincial-urban HH. For the ruralareas the corresponding figures were7.4% and 6.2%. Overall female-headedhouseholds are estimated to accountfor 6.5% of all HH, but around 7.3% ofthose below the basic needs povertyline.105. Chart 11 illustrates that in the ruralareas female headed householdsare particularly over-represented inthe lowest quintile of households,suggesting that these households areamongst the very poorest of those inthe rural areas.% Female Headed HH20181614121086420Nationaldeciles National Rural6.27.57.46.0Chart 11Propotion of Female Headed HouseholdsHoniara Provincial-urban RuralAverage all Households Lowest Quintile Lowest Three Deciles Highest QuintileEstimation of National Poverty Lines and Poverty Incidence31
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Solomon Islands - Asia & the Pacific

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