PMFA1

June 2015, E.ON, the majority owner of Oskarshamn‐2, said it wanted to shut down the unitbecause it was unprofitable to operate; minority owner Forum disagreed. 661It is not only the economics that have changed quickly and dramatically, but also the politicalframework. The Red‐Green Government that took office in October 2014—the Green Party holdsthe Environment portfolio and a Deputy Prime Minister position—in its Statement of GovernmentPolicy declared:Nuclear power is to be replaced by renewable energy and energy efficiency measures,and…Sweden, in the long term, is to have 100 per cent renewable energy.…Nuclear power must bear a larger proportion of its economic costs to society. Safety requirementswill be made more stringent and the nuclear waste charge will be increased. Vattenfall is to takethe lead in the transition of the energy system towards a greater proportion of renewableenergy. 662“Goals and visions” of the new Swedish government include:• By 2020 at least 50 per cent of total energy consumption should come from renewable energysources.• By 2020 the transport sector should meet the renewable energy target of at least 10 per cent.• By 2020 energy efficiency should increase by 20 per cent. This is expressed as a cross‐sectoraltarget of a 20 per cent reduction in energy intensity by 2020 relative to 2008. 663The primary energy and transport sector goals are likely already achieved in 2014. 664On 31 May 2015, with a significant share of nuclear down for refurbishment and refueling, for thefirst time, more wind capacity was spinning than nuclear power operating.A significant shift is underway in a country that in 2014 represented the world's fifth largestshare of nuclear power in its electricity mix, and the largest installed nuclear capacity per capita.The United Kingdom operates 16 reactors, which provided 57.9 TWh or 17.2 percent ofthe country’s electricity in 2014, down from a maximum of 26.9 percent in 1997. The U.K.operators EDF Energy and Magnox Ltd. do not transmit load factor data to Nuclear EngineeringInternational. However, data published by the IAEA‐PRIS database indicate that the average loadfactor for the U.K. reactors was 69.4 percent in 2014, among the five worst national performers ofthe year.The 11 first‐generation Magnox plants, nine with twin reactors and two with four reactors, haveall been retired, except for one reactor at Wylfa. It was to be closed by the end of 2014, but in thePeriodic Safety Review submitted to the Office for Nuclear Regulation (ONR) in October 2013, theoperator requested that the reactor’s operating life be extended by one year to enable it to fully661 WNA, “Nuclear power in Sweden”, 26 June 2015, see http://www.world‐nuclear.org/info/Country‐Profiles/Countries‐O‐S/Sweden/, accessed 3 July 2015.662 Government Offices of Sweden, “The new Government’s environment and energy policy”,29 October 2014.663 Government Offices of Sweden, “Goals and visions”, published 27 November 2014, Updated 21March 2015, see http://www.government.se/government‐policy/energy/goals‐and‐visions/, accessed29 May 2015.664 Tomas Kåberger, personal communication, 31 May 2015.Mycle Schneider, Antony Froggatt et al. World Nuclear Industry Status Report 2015 154