Against the Wind: Eberhard Arnold and the Bruderhof - Plough

Against the Wind5Eberhard Arnold, Der Krieg: Ein Aufruf zur Innerlichkeit [War: a call to inwardness] (Gotha, 1914).6Ibid., chap. 1, p. 10.7As worded in the introduction to Innenland (Inner Land) (Berlin: Furche Verlag, 1918).8Quoted from a letter written by the Jewish social philosopher Gustav Landauer to the publisher andjournalist Fritz Mauthner, November 2, 1914.9German title: “Gottes Sprache in ernster Zeit,” published in the Evangelische Allianzblatt (Sept. 27,1914).10“Ist der gegenwärtige Krieg von Gott oder vom Teufel?” [Is the present war from God or from thedevil?]; remarks on an article with the same title by S. Knappe in Der Wahrheitszeuge (Aug. 14, 1915),no. 33, 262f.1112“Über den Sinn des Krieges” [On the meaning of war] in Der Wahreitszeuge (Sept. 1915), 281.This is substantiated by various statements in the engagement letters of Eberhard and Emmy.21513Eberhard Arnold, Die Drei Bücher im Felde [The three books at the front] (Gotha, 1915), 6.14Der Krieg, 8.15“Gott oder Mammon?” [God or mammon?] in Der Wahrheitszeuge (Apr. 1915).16“Aus der Kriegsliteratur: Der deutsche Geist” [From war literature: the German spirit] in Die Furche(Aug. 1915), 331.17“Zur Geschichte des christlichen Liedes” [Comments on the history of Christian hymns] in Der Hilfsbote( June 1916).18The cable probably arrived during August or September, since evidence indicates that Eberhard tookup his position in October; the first issue of Die Furche under his editorship appeared in January 1916.Georg Michaelis (1857–1936) succeeded Graf Pückler in the leadership of the German SCM. GrafPückler had been the co-founder of the German SCM and had served as chairman for many years.19Friedrich Siegmund-Schultze, the previous coeditor of Die Furche, had proposed Eberhard’s name forconsideration for the post; cf. Siegmund-Schultze’s account in Eberhard Arnold: Aus seinem Leben undSchrifttum, 30–31.20“B.K., SCM, evangelizing and literary work; scholarly training and assignment, preferably work amongeducated people. Therefore Michaelis and Niedermeyer’s offer very welcome.” From Eberhard’shandwritten notes for a publishing house meeting at the beginning of 1916, BA.21The publishing house became official on August 18, 1916. Eberhard Arnold and Heinrich Rennebachwere mentioned as managing directors.22German title of the newsletter: Kleine akademische Feldpost.23In handwritten notes for a talk with Michaelis and Niedermeyer, BA.24Eberhard Arnold, “Wernigerode 1916,” in DCSV Mitteilungen (1916), 23.25During this period a large number of songs were composed to glorify war. Some, like this one, were verygory, with a heavy marching rhythm; others attempted a mystical transformation of war into somethingnoble and beautiful, and were sung to romantic melodies.26Emmy Arnold, Aus unserem Leben bis 1920, 19.27Regarding Steiner: Die Furche, ( Jan. 15, 1917), 112; and regarding Buber: Die Furche, (Nov. 1917), 46.28After Michaelis resigned, he was appointed Lord Lieutenant of Pomerania.