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INDEX 757Automatic congestion level, ISDN User Part(ISUP), 287Automatic number identification (ANI), BellSystem multifrequency supervisionsignaling, 89–90Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ) sublayer,cdma2000 air interface, 428Automatic reroutingdestinations and digit analysis, 17Telephone User Part (TUP) protocol, 216Autonomous registration, cellular mobilenetworks, 354–355Auxiliary Transmit Diversity Pilot Channel(F-ATDPICH), cdma2000 air interface,414–415, 418Backbone networkBearer Independent Call-Control Protocols,708–709internet, 635–636Backhauling, Signaling Transport (SIGTRAN)Protocol, 698–699Backward call indicators parameter, ISDN UserPart (ISUP), 287–288international networks, 320Backward indicator bits, Message Transfer Part 2(MTP2) outgoing processing, 173Backward sequence number, Message TransferPart 2 (MTP2) outgoing processing, 173Backward signalBell System multifrequency signaling, 81–82channel-associated interexchange signaling,outgoing signals, 79intraexchange call, 56MRC-R2 digital trunk supervision signaling,94–95MRC-R2 interregister signaling, 96–97supervision signals, 57Telephone User Part (TUP) protocol,unsuccessful backward signals,210–211setup problems, 215–216tones and announcements, 57Band elimination filter (BEF), Bell Systemmultifrequency supervision signalingblocking received tones, 84talk-off protection, 85Bandwidth efficiency, Voice over InternetProtocol and, 652–653Base station (BS)cellular mobile networks, 328signaling systems, 46–47IS-95 standard air interface, 399–400Base Station System Application Part (BSSAP),GSM cellular system, A interface, 369Base station trunk group (BSTG), cellularmobile networks, 328Basic access linesDigital Subscriber Signaling System No. 1(DSS1), 233ISDN signaling, GR-303 standard, 137–139Basic callsH.323 standard, 678–680Intelligent Network Application Part (INAP),557–558global functional plane, 558–560Basic call unrelated process (BCUP), IntelligentNetwork Application Part (INAP), 563Basic encoding rules (BER), TransactionCapabilities Application Part (TCAP), 505Basic tone signals, 64–67busy-tone, 65congestion tone, 66dial-tone, 64–65in failed setups, 66–67formats, 64B-channels, Digital Subscriber Signaling SystemNo. 1 (DSS1) and, 233call reference value assignment and release,262–263Bearer and media control (BMC) interface,Bearer Independent Call-ControlProtocols, 710Bearer capabilityAdvanced Intelligent Network (AIN 0.1)parameter, 536Q.931 ISDN information element, 252–254,265Bearer-control signaling protocol (BCP), BearerIndependent Call-Control Protocols,709–710Bearer Control Tunneling Protocol (BCTP),Bearer Independent Call-Control Protocol,714Bearer Independent Call-Control Protocols(BICCP), 707–716Bearer-Control Signaling Protocols,713–714Call-Control Signaling Protocol, 711–712call setup, 714–716overview, 707–709protocol suite, 710serving nodes, 709–710Bearer interworking function (BIWF), BearerIndependent Call-Control Protocols,709–710Bearer servicesaccess networks, V5.2 standard, 148–153circuit multiplication equipment, 31–34analog circuits, 32–33