Migration and Rural-Urban Linkages in Ethiopia

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List of AcronymsCSACSODCIEPRDFFDREHIVKAMOAONRSPAPRSPSTDSNNPRUNDPWeDCentral Statistical AuthorityCentral Statistical OfficeDevelopment Cooperation IrelandEthiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic FrontFederal Democratic Republic EthiopiaHuman Immuno-Deficiency VirusKebele AdministrationMinistry of AgricultureOromia National Regional StatePeasant AssociationPoverty Reduction Strategy PaperSexually Transmitted DiseaseSouthern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples RegionUnited Nations Development ProgrammeResearch Group on Well-being in Developing CountriesGLOSSARYBiqilBoyeIddirKebeleMeskelSeferShiroWeredaFermented grain used to brew local drinksa Wolayita word used to describe yams.a funeral society formed by individuals to help each other during the deathof their members or the relative of their members.The lowest urban administration unitAn Amharic word meaning ‘cross’ used to describe the celebration of theFinding of the True Cross on September 27.An Amharic word used to describe a small community neighbourhoodGround horse beans or check peas used to make stewDistrict level government administration unit.iv
LIST OF TABLES, FIGURES AND MAPSTable 1: Shashemene: Household members away from the community in May 2004Table 2: Shashemene: Reason for absenceTable 3: Shashemene: Location where household members would seek workTable 4: Kolfe: Household members away from the village in May 2004Table 5: Kolfe: Reason for absenceTable 6: Kolfe: Location where household members would seek workTable 7: Turufe Kecheme: Household members away from the village in May 2004Table 8: Turufe Kecheme: Reason for absenceTable 9: Turufe Kecheme: Location where household members would seek workTable 10: Yetmen: Household members away from the village in May 2004Table 11: Yetmen: Reason for absenceTable 12: Yetmen: Location where household members would seek workTable 13: Dinki: Household members away from the village in May 2004Table 14: Dinki: Reason for absenceTable 15: Dinki: Location where household members would seek workTable 16: Korodegaga: Household members away from the village in May 2004Table 17: Korodegaga: Reason for absenceTable 18: Korodegaga: Location where household members would seek workTable 19: Turufe Kecheme: Type of support received in or from urban areasTable 20: Turufe Kecheme: Type of support provided to people in or from urbanareasTable 21: Yetmen: Type of support received in or from urban areasTable 22: Yetmen: Type of support provided to people in or from urban areasTable 23: Korodegaga: Type of support received in or from urban areasTable 24: Korodegaga: Type of support provided to people in or from urban areasTable 25: Dinki: Type of support received in or from urban areasTable 26: Dinki: Type of support provided to people in or from urban areasTable 27: The three most important centres for sample householdsTable 28: Reasons for the importance of small townsTable 29: National Urban and Rural Migrants (Resident Less than Five years)Population by Age – 1999Table 30: National Migrants (Resident Less than Five years) Population by Sex andEducational Attainment – 1999Figure 1:Figure 2:Figure 3:Box 1:Box 2:Map 1:Map 2:Sustainable Livelihoods FrameworkPositive Links Between Migration and Improving LivelihoodsThe network of a migrant from the southWork undertaken by migrants in Kolfe and Shashemene sites bycategories and typesList of migration experiences by individuals of different originThe WeD-Research SitesSketch map of Turufe Kechemev
Page 1 and 2: Migration and Rural-Urban Linkages
Page 3: ABSTRACTThe paper examines key issu
Page 7 and 8: Executive SummaryThis study attempt
Page 9 and 10: of development structure can serve
Page 11 and 12: The paper examines key issues affec
Page 13 and 14: functions. The improvement of physi
Page 15 and 16: agriculture, de-prioritisation of u
Page 17 and 18: The promulgation of ethnic-based fe
Page 19 and 20: including development policies and
Page 21 and 22: Proponents also argue that forms of
Page 23 and 24: Figure 2: Positive Links between Mi
Page 25 and 26: and voluntary associations as a mec
Page 27 and 28: OSSREA (1995) presents the findings
Page 29 and 30: elated to marriage, notably moving
Page 31 and 32: Table 2: Reason for absenceFrequenc
Page 33 and 34: as well as Tigray, the following as
Page 35 and 36: Table 6: Location where household m
Page 37 and 38: survey in May 2004. Most of these,
Page 39 and 40: Table 9: Location where household m
Page 41 and 42: Table 11: Reason for absenceFrequen
Page 43 and 44: Dinki, Amhara: Out-migration trends
Page 45 and 46: Table 13: Household members away fr
Page 47 and 48: There are still considerable number
Page 49 and 50: 2.2.Type of work and livelihoods of
Page 51 and 52: Migrants work on different terms th
Page 53 and 54: technology and lifestyles. Furtherm
Page 55 and 56:
false banana) and maize. Similarly,
Page 57 and 58:
sell the alcoholic drink, areke, wh
Page 59 and 60:
where there is a sugar plantation,
Page 61 and 62:
Table 23: Type of support received
Page 63 and 64:
2.4. Preferences regarding urban ce
Page 65 and 66:
urban sites, Kolfe and Shashemene,
Page 67 and 68:
2.6. Labour force and employment op
Page 69 and 70:
egion was high and was not impeded
Page 71 and 72:
LBox 2: List of migration experienc
Page 73 and 74:
Case 5: ES, male, poor, seasonal /s
Page 75 and 76:
Case 11: AD, female, Oromia migrant
Page 77 and 78:
alleviated by appropriate rural dev
Page 79 and 80:
Successive Ethiopian governments to
Page 81 and 82:
in providing information about jobs
Page 83 and 84:
this recommendation but its impleme
Page 85 and 86:
Carney, D., 1998, Sustainable Rural
Page 87 and 88:
Kloos, H. (1988). "Ethiopia's Econo
Page 89 and 90:
Annex 1: The WeD-Research SitesMap
Page 91 and 92:
Map 4:Sketch map of Imdibir85
Page 93 and 94:
Map 6:Sketch map of Shashemene87
Page 95 and 96:
Map 8:Sketch map of Korodegaga89
Page 97:
Table 33: National Rural Migrants P
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Migration and Rural-Urban Linkages in Ethiopia

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