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CRACK CAPITALISM

Holloway - Crack Capitalism

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are irrelevant for reproduction is denied, and may be tabooized. These<br />

'desexualized' body areas are thus made irrelevant for the sexual classification<br />

of bodies, too. The concept of 'the two sexes', the one sex<br />

and the other sex, is therefore an effect of heterosexuality as a societal<br />

norm. In European societies before the modern era, sexuality seems to<br />

have been less clearly dichotomized into hetero- and homosexuality.<br />

Everybody was assumed (or, rather, suspected) to perpetrate homosexual<br />

acts along with heterosexual ones, the former of which would be more<br />

or less severely persecuted and punished. Since the nineteenth century,<br />

however, homosexual acts are automatically considered to be expressive<br />

of a homosexual nature of the actor who is not anymore a human being<br />

perpetrating sinful homosexual (or, rather, 'sodomite') acts, but who is 'a<br />

homosexual', i.e. a member of a particular human species. The discourse<br />

moves from whether, or how, homosexual acts need to be punished to<br />

whether the homosexual as such, as a different species, is persecuted,<br />

psychiatrized or tolerated. (Stoetzler 2009: 165-6)<br />

This suggests, then, that woman and man should be seen not<br />

as trans-historical categories, but as specifically capitalist forms<br />

of social relations, akin to value or money or state.6 Man and<br />

woman (and indeed homosexual and heterosexual) are identifications,<br />

aspects of the society of identity, part of the mutilation<br />

involved in the creation of the labourer, the performer of abstract<br />

labour. A classification to be fought against.<br />

Labour is an abstraction, a separation of labour from the world<br />

of doing or life-activity. This fragmentation of our life-activity<br />

is a fragmentation of our lives in every aspect. The separation<br />

of sexuality from the body as a whole and its concentration<br />

in the genitals was imposed historically at the same time as<br />

the abstraction of labour, made a fundamental contribution to<br />

the creation of the body as a machine for labour and is part of<br />

the general process of abstraction or separation, the process of<br />

limitation, classification and identification.7<br />

The particular patterns of domination, then, are not something<br />

that happens to us or that they (men, capitalists, whoever)<br />

impose on us, but patterns of domination that we create through<br />

our activity and the way in which it is organised. That is the<br />

importance of the critique ad hominem (or ad mulierem, or<br />

ad humanum): it is only by bringing everything back to our<br />

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