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Imatest Documentation At ISO 800 the TZ1 has much lower MTFnn for all values of nn from 70 through 10. Note that the vertical scales are different: 0.5 (above; ISO 80) vs. 0.35 (right; ISO 800).It also falls off much more rapidly with contrast; evidence of stronger noise reduction, i.e., nonlinear signal processing. The MTFnn display shows the changes in performance between different settings (ISO 80 and 800 in this case) more clearly than the 2D pseudocolor contour plots, above, even though (or perhaps because) it contains less detail. MTF70-MTF10: Panasonic TZ1, ISO 800 210 of 451
Imatest Documentation Star Chart Analysis of the Siemens star chart Introduction Star Chart, which uses the Rescharts interface, measures SFR (Spatial Frequency Response) or MTF (Modulation Transfer Function) from the sinusoidally-modulated Siemens star chart proposed for inclusion in a future release of the ISO 12233 standard, as described in A Pilot Study of Digital Camera Resolution Metrology Protocols Proposed Under ISO 12233, Edition 2. The Siemens star chart has been strongly promoted by Image Engineering, a supplier of test charts and hardware located near Köln, Germany. Their paper, Digital Camera Resolution Measurement Using Sinusoidal Siemens Stars, is a valuable reference (as are their other technical publications). Charts with 144, 72, and 48 cycles can be analyzed in 8, 12, or 24 segments around the circle. The value of gamma used to linearize the chart can optionally be determined from the 16 small square patches near the edge of the chart or it can be measured externally and entered. Creating and photographing the chart and running the program Star Chart measures MTF using calculations similar to Log Frequency. The principal difference is that is measures it for a range of angles (in 8, 12, or 24 segments) using a sinusoidally-modulated pattern along the radii of a circle. This method is more direct than the slanted-edge method, but may be slightly less accurate. Because calculations are performed on circles of known spatial frequencies, the calculation can be made more robust against noise than Log Frequency. Image with star chart (upper right) The image above used to illustrate the Star chart module and to compare results with Slanted-edge SFR and Log Frequency. It was captured with a Canon EOS-40D camera, 24-70mm f/2.8L lens set at 50mm, f/5.6, ISO 100. It includes Star, Log Frequency- Contrast and slanted-edge charts with high and low contrast (20:1 and 2:1). Purchase test charts from Image Engineering or create them using Imatest Test Charts, then print the chart on a high quality inkjet printer. Recommended Test Charts options are PPI: 720 (Epson inkjets) or 600 (HP or Canon inkjets), Height (cm) (as required), Highlight color: White, Contrast ratio: 40, Type: Sine, Gamma: 2.2, Star pattern bands: 144 or 72, Chart lightness: Lightest, ISO standard chart: Yes or Yes (small inner circle) (inner circle has 1/10 or 1/20 the diameter of the outer, respectively). Number of chart cycles Ideally the maximum spatial frequency (just outside the inner circle) should be around 0.6 to 1.0 cycles/pixel. The diameter of the inner circle di is 1/10 or 1/20 times the diameter dP of the circular sine pattern, depending on the chart (selectable in Test Charts). The smallest diameter for analysis is 0.11dP or 0.056dP. For an image of P pixels (width or height) of a star with N cycles, where the pattern circle diameter dP takes up a fraction g of P (dP = gP; di = 0.11 gP ( or 0.056 gP ) ) , the maximum spatial frequency in cycles/pixel is fmax = N / (0.11 π dP) = N / (0.11 π g P) (inner circle 1/10 the diameter of the outer) fmax = N / (0.056 π dP) = N / (0.056 π g P) (inner circle 1/20 the diameter of the outer) Example: for a 3000 pixel wide image where the pattern circle dP takes up g = 0.25 (25%) of the image and the inner circle has 1/10 the diameter, fmax = 0.555 cycles/pixel for a 144-cycle pattern; fmax = 0.278 cycles/pixel for a 72-cycle pattern. The 144-cycle 211 of 451
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