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Imatest Documentation segments. (Most transmission targets are longer.) For scanners specified as having Dmax greater than 3, the charts of choice are the Stouffer Transmission Step Wedge T4110 or Danes-Picta TS28D, which are too large to be tested easily with 35mm film scanners. Follow the remainder of instructions in Photographing the chart and running Stepchart, above. Be sure to select the correct chart type from the Stepchart input dialog box (right). The Imatest algorithm for finding dynamic range is remarkably accurate. Imatest detects chart zones using the smallest density step that results in uniformly spaced detected zones (see Algorithm). For smaller steps, noise can be mistaken for zone boundaries. For larger steps, fewer zones are detected. The dynamic range is the difference in density between the zone where the pixel level is 98% of its maximum value (250 for 24-bit color, where the maximum is 255), estimated by interpolation, and the darkest zone that meets the measurement criterion. The repeatability of this measurement is better than 1/4 f-stop. Here is a result for the Canon EOS-10D at ISO 400, converted from RAW format with Capture One LE. EOS 10D, ISO 400, Converted with Capture One LE 276 of 451
Imatest Documentation The total dynamic range of the Canon EOS-10D is 8.6 f-stops. Total dynamic range improves slightly for 48-bit TIFF conversion but very little for ISO 100. But the lower noise in 48-bit TIFF conversion and ISO 100 results in improved dynamic ranges for given quality levels. Cautionary note: This dynamic range is limited by the test chart (an old Kodak Step Tablet with a maximum range of 10 f-stops). A chart like the Stouffer T4110 might result in a higher number: possibly over 10 f-stops). The shape of the response curve is a strong function of the conversion software settings. The plot on the right is for Canon Zoom Browser with Contrast set to Low: the transfer curve is very different from Capture One LE, but the dynamic range is quite close— the result of slightly different noise reduction processing. To convert dynamic range from f-stops into decibels (dB), the measurement normally given on sensor data sheets, multiply the dynamic range in f-stops by 6.02 (20 log10(2)). The dynamic range for low quality (f-stop noise = 1; SNR = 1) corresponds most closely to the number on the data sheets. Measured dynamic range is normally somewhat lower than specified dynamic range because of lens flare and other factors. Summary .CSV and XML files An optional .CSV (comma-separated variable) output file contains results for Stepchart. Its name is [root name]_summary.csv. An example is Canon_EOS10D_Q13_ISO400_crop_summary.csv. The format is as follows: Module SFR, SFR multi-ROI, Colorcheck, or Stepchart. File File name (title). Run date mm/dd/yyyy hh:mm of run. (blank line) Tables (blank line) Additional data (blank line) EXIF data Tables are separated by blank lines. The first table contains measured and ideal pixel levels and densities. The second table contains density = -log(exposure) and Y, R, G, and B densities (-log(pixel level/255)), assuming 8 bits/pixel. The third table contains the density differences (slopes) between the Y, R, G, and B patches. The fourth table contains two sets of Y, R, G, and B noise measurements for the the patches in the bottom two rows, described above. – Noise (%) normalized to image density range = 1.5 – f-stop noise The fifth table contains S/N and SNR (dB) for the Y, R, G, and B channels, described above. The first entry is the name of the data; the second (and additional) entries contain the value. Names are generally self-explanatory (similar to the figures). Displayed if available. EXIF data is image file metadata that contains important camera, lens, and exposure settings. By default, Imatest uses a small program, jhead.exe, which works only with JPEG files, to read EXIF data. To read detailed EXIF data from all image file formats, we recommend downloading, installing, and selecting Phil Harvey's ExifTool, as described here. This format is similar for all modules. Data is largely self-explanatory. Enhancements to .CSV files will be listed in the Change Log. The optional XML output file contains results similar to the .CSV file. Its contents are largely self-explanatory. It is stored in [root name].xml. XML output will be used for extensions to Imatest, such as databases, to be written by Imatest and third parties. Contact us if you have questions or suggestions. Indistinct zones in the Stouffer T4110 test chart 277 of 451
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Imatest Documentation © 2009 Imate
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