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Imatest Documentation Demosaiced files with dcraw ↓ R2C1 ↓ R2C1 R2C3 R4C1 R4C3 ↓ R2C2 ↓ R2C2 R2C4 R4C2 R4C4 The four image planes: one Red, one Blue, two Greens: (There is no universal standard for mapping colors to image plane.) The best way to be sure an image file faithfully resembles the RAW file— that it has a straight gamma curve, no sharpening, and no noise reduction— is to read a RAW file into Imatest and convert it to a standard format (TIFF, PPM, etc.) using Dave Coffin's dcraw. If you select any of the standard RAW formats (CRW, NEF, etc.) or if raw data is detected (e.g., Phase One TIF files) the dialog box shown above appears. It is a front-end to dcraw that allows you to choose between several RAW conversion options. dcraw/dcrawMS conversion details: If Normal RAW conversion (demosaiced) has been selected, the Demosaicing box contains several options, most of which are explained in more detail in the dcraw Manpage. The following output color spaces are available for demosaiced output. RAW (not true RAW pixels). Demosaiced with no color space conversion or White Balance. The camera's color profile is needed to correctly interpret the colors. Gamma = 0.45. sRGB, Adobe RGB (1998), Wide Gamut RGB, ProPhoto RGB, and XYZ. Profile tags are embedded in the output file for the four standard color spaces. For 24-bit conversion, gamma appears to be fixed at 0.45, independent of the output color space. (It should be different for ProPhoto, which is designed for display at gamma = 1.8.) For 48-bit conversion gamma is fixed at 1 (linear conversion; does not correspond to standard color spaces). Several demosaicing quality levels (using different algorithms) are available (and worth exploring). See the dcraw Manpage for details. Auto-exposure is always applied for 24-bit conversion (but not for 48-bit). I've changed the default to make it slightly darker than the dcraw default (using -b 0.99 in the command line) to reduce the likelihood of clipping pixels. For now we're stuck with auto-exposure for 24-bit conversion: see dcraw Frequently Asked Questions. Dcraw converts RAW files into TIFF files, with the obscure PPM format available as an option. If check the box to delete the converted (TIFF) file, you may save the image in one of two compressed formats: PNG (lossless compression; takes longer) or JPEG (lossy compression; maximum quality; 24-bit only). A list of supported cameras appears on the dcraw site. New cameras are typically added within one to three months of their introduction. The dcraw version included with Imatest sometimes falls behind. According to Dave Coffin, "Francisco Montilla provides Mac OS and Windows executables on his website. And Benjamin Lebsanft has volunteered to maintain Windows executables optimized for specific CPUs." Rawview utility The Rawview utility allows you to determine the color arrangement of Bayer RAW files (Red in R1C1, R1C2, R2C1, or R2C2) by trying each and selecting the one that looks best. It can be opened by pressing the Rawview button on the far right of the Imatest main window, just to the right of dcraw . When Rawview is first opened, instructions similar to those shown below appear. (They are likely to be more up-to-date.) Welcome to Rawview. Preview Bayer RAW files.You can find the relationship between colors and pixel locations. The input file should be a monochrome file (r x n x 1 pixels) that contains Bayer Raw data. The image is not fully demosaiced: it has only half-resolution. There is no White Balance. Colors may appear faint. 16/48 bit images are lightened to improve visibility. The input image should have some strong, identifiable colors. Start by pressing "Read (Bayer) RAW image file." Click on "Red in RmCn..." popup menu and determine which selection looks correct. After the image file has been read, the Rawview window looks like this: 98 of 451
Imatest Documentation The Rawview window (no zoom) The zoom function is always active: the image can be zoomed in to better view key details, like the red dots on the mirror, illustrated on the right, which only appear to be red when Red in R1C1 is selected. The Save button is enabled whenever the Red in RmCn selection is changed. It sets the default for opening Bayer RAW files in Imatest modules, affecting some displays. Note that Rawview performs no White Balance, so the balance you see represents the color balance in the sensor, which may be of interest. It is rarely neutral. Rawview dropdown menus include display options and Save commands. File Read Bayer RAW file Read the Bayer RAW file (must be in a standard image file format: TIFF, etc.) Save Screen Save the contents of the screen. Optionally display it if the Display screen checkbox is checked. You need to set the viewer before the first time you display the screen this way. Irfanview is an excellent free viewer. Save image as RGB file Save the image as an RGB file, which has half the pixel dimensions (resolution) on the original file. This does not involve a demosaicing algorithm. The contents of the R, selected G (G(R) or G(B)), and B channels are identical to the undemosaiced channels. Settings Display G(R) as green Use the G(R) channel— the green pixels in the the same row as the red (R) pixels— for the green channel in the display and the RGB file save. You can tell if there is a difference between the two green channels (G(R) and G(B)) by toggling between these. Display G(B) as green Use the G(B) channel— the green pixels in the the same row as the blue (B) pixels— for the green channel in the display and the RGB file save. Adjust 16-bit images Brighten 16-bit images (which are linear or nearly so, i.e. gamma near 1.0) if needed to enhance display. Brighten 16-bit images Brighten 16-bit images further for additional display enhancement. 99 of 451
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Imatest Documentation © 2009 Imate
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Imatest Documentation Using SFRplus
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Imatest Documentation Image Quality
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