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Imatest Documentation The following options are available in Imatest Master only: Light Falloff input dialog box (for Pro). Color shading (nonuniformity) Display the color nonuniformity, i.e., the difference between two of the three (R, G, B) channels or one of the L*a*b* color difference metrics (∆E = sqrt(∆L* 2 + ∆a* 2 + ∆b* 2 ), ∆C = sqrt(∆a* 2 + ∆b* 2 ), ∆E94, ∆C94, ∆E00, ∆C00 ), referred to the center of the image (either the central region, with size specified in the Corner and side regions box or the central 25% by area). Color shading often results from the angle at which light stikes the sensor. It tends to be worst in tiny pixels. Several options are available. Color shading Select not displayed (turns off plot), Red/Blue, Red/Green, Green/Blue, or ∆E or ∆C (various flavors & reference regions). Red/Blue (the extremes of the spectrum) is the most popular choice for displaying shading. for (plot units). To the right of the Color shading box. Select Pixels (gamma-encoded), Intensity (linear), or f-stop difference. Grayed out if ∆E or ∆C metrics are selected. Pixels Intensity (linear) F-stop Displays the ratio of the the pixel values for the selected channels. If Normalized is checked, the plot is normalized to 1.0 (maximum). Removes the gamma encoding of the image file using the value of Gamma entered and displays the ratio of the intensities for the selected channels. If Normalized is checked, the plot is normalized to 1.0 (maximum). Displays the f-stop difference between the selected channels. If Normalized is checked, the plot is normalized to 0 (maximum). Display Select the display type. Four choices. Examples are shown below Exaggerated color 2D. Increases the color saturation to increase the visibility of color nonuniformities. Pseudocolor 2D 3D Pseudocolor, shaded, auto-scaled. Shading emphasizes contour shapes. 3D Pseudocolor, auto-scaled. Normalized (Checkbox) If checked (the default), the shading plot is normalized to a maximum of 1 for pixels or intensity (linear) or 0 for f-stop difference. The unnormalized maximum and minimum values are displayed beneath the plot. Display color uniformity profiles Shows pixel levels along diagonal, vertical, and horizontal lines. The specific display is selected in the dropdown menu on the right. Described below. Display histograms Useful in diagnosing stuck (hot and dead) pixels. Described below. Display fine detail Display a detailed image of noise and sensor nonuniformity (examples below). Slow variations in image 336 of 451
Imatest Documentation density— vignetting (low spatial frequencies) — are removed so that only short to medium range variations— sensor noise, dust spots, etc.— remain. The calculation can be slow and uses lots of memory because Matlab calculations are performed in double precision mathematics, which requires 24 bytes per color pixel (8 bytes per channel). Several display options are available. The first displays noise exaggerated by a factor of 10. The second superposes contour plots (from a smoothed version of the image) on the noisy image. The third produces a pseudocolor image of local nonuniformities (also smoothed) with a color bar (legend) on the right. The fourth emphasises dark spots, usually caused by dust. A histogram can also be added beneath the fine detail plot. Imatest Master allows you to detect hot and dead pixels. Hot pixels are stuck 2 hot, 2 dead pixels at or near the sensor's maximum value (255 in 8-bit files); dead pixels are stuck of 8185344 total at or near 0. Image processing (especially demosaicing and data compression) Threshold: h= 245; d= 10 may alter these numbers. Thresholds lower than 255 and higher than 0 are usually required, particularly for JPEG files, where isolated pixels are smeared, even for the highest quality levels. Hot and dead pixels cannot be reliably detected in JPEGs saved at lower quality levels. Exaggerated local noise (standard) Local noise with added contours Pseudocolor contours with colorbar Spot detection w / threshold (pseudocolor) Channel You can choose between Red, Blue, Green, or Y (luminance) channels. Color space Used for converting from RGB color space where L*a*b* color difference metrics are displayed. Hot and dead pixels By checking the appropriate boxes you can display hot pixels (red x) and/or dead pixels (blue •). Hot pixels are stuck at the sensor's maximum value (255 in 8-bit files) and dead pixels are stuck at 0. Because signal processing— especially JPEG compression— often causes these values to shift, you can use the sliders to set the detection threshold between 6-255 for hot pixels and 0-249 pixels for dead pixels. (The extreme values are for measurements made on white or black fields.) Clicking on < or > at the ends of the sliders adjusts the threshold by 1. The default values are 252 and 4, respectively. Settings are saved between runs. JPEG files must be saved at the highest quality level for this feature to work; isolated hot and dead pixels tend to be smudged at lower quality levels. Details of hot and dead pixels are presented below. You can choose whether to count a pixel as hot or dead if the criteria are met by any color channel (the default), all channels, or the selected channel. Results Hot and dead pixels (Imatest Master only) The hot and dead pixels shown on the right met the criteria that they were above or below the threshold for any color channel. All channels or the selected channel could have been selected. The first figure in Light Falloff shows two simulated hot (x) and dead (•) pixels. The CSV output file on the right shows the basic statistics for the image (8185344 pixels total). h = 245 and d = 10 are the hot and dead pixel thresholds, respectively. The number and fraction of the hot and dead pixels are shown, followed by the x and y-locations of the first 100 hot and dead pixels. The Histogram plot, described below, is useful for selecting thresholds. Color shading (nonuniformity) (Imatest Master only) The Color shading plot displays the ratio or difference between R, G, and B channels or L*a*b* color errors (∆E or ∆C). Two examples are illustrated below. The first shows shading as the ratio of Red to Blue (R/B) channel pixels. Plotted results have been normalized to a maximum of 1.0. Normalization makes the results relatively insensitive to white balance errors. The background shows exaggerated colors (HSV saturation S has been increased by 10x for low saturation values; less for high values.) 337 of 451
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Imatest Documentation © 2009 Imate
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Imatest Documentation Using SFRplus
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Imatest Documentation Image Quality
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