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ENABLING ENVIRONMENT Creating enabling environments for successful city development 8 @damianedidit
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State of south african cities Repor
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The cities covered in the SoCR Limp
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FOREWORD by the Chairperson of the
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Buffalo city ekurhuleni ethekwini J
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Overview: State of South African Ci
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CH3 PRODUCTIVE CITIES Spatial trans
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INTRODUCTION Our cities: status quo
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State of Cities Reporting Over the
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Figure 1.2 shows the projected grow
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The consequence of this rapid urban
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LEARNING ACROSS BRICS: from city-re
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Addressing these challenges require
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TRANSFORMING OUR WORLD: THE 2030 AG
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Key issues for South African cities
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! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Cities and
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Figure 1.8: Population change total
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Figure 1.10 shows that, while popul
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Significant densification through b
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Increased densities and demand have
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Global networks versus domestic res
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Informed by five years of research
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Key Messages 1 2 3 4 5 Spatial tran
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In cities, economic and social ineq
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Undesirable current spatial configu
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neighbouring municipalities are not
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Built environment investments not s
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The cost of fragmentation In additi
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associated land uses benefit all, n
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Local government is best placed to
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Competing land interests need to be
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PRE-1994 building POLICY 1994-2003
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The 2011 State of South African Cit
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The most recent National Household
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Figure 2.6: Alternate transport-urb
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SPATIAL TRANSFORMATION: Tracking tr
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Spatial transformation needs respon
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What is Required to Transform South
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Transformation of management and ca
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PRODUCTIVE CITIES Spatial transform
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Introduction South Africa is headin
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Congestion and pressure on resource
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transportation networks. Land-use p
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strategies in separate silos, with
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The Economic Role and Performance o
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• Johannesburg is South Africa’
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Nevertheless, recent economic fores
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• In the last five years, Tshwane
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Figure 3.7 shows the average labour
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Over the last 10 years, at a sector
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There is a marked correlation betwe
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Figure 3.13: Estimated city share o
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Figure 3.15: City gross fixed-capit
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development role set out in the 199
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Table 3.3: Key economic development
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• eThekwini has an active economi
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Both types of township are low-inco
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Informal economy and self-employmen
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South Africa’s Expanded Public Wo
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PRODUCTIVE CITIES 123 3
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Key Messages 1 2 3 4 5 6 Cities sti
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Andile’s story This is based on a
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of that ward participate in making
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Cape Town metro Mangaung Mamre Pell
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These service delivery gains have c
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YOUTH STUDY: Youth potential and vu
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However, when the NWAC is superimpo
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Tshwane, Figure 4.7: Johannesburg C
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As mentioned, urban integration is
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Table 4.2: Change in lowest income
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Ethekwini metro Northdale Hambanath
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Urban safety South Africa’s citie
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City’s unemployment rate is about
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Collective violence 7 Two main dime
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Towards More Inclusive Cities Citiz
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Furthermore, citizen education and
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South Africa requires a spatial pol
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SUSTAINABLE CITIES Leveraging the t
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Introduction Since 1994, the govern
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will need to have low-emissions gro
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Most of South Africa’s energy con
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Figure 5.3: Average baseline energy
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• Tshwane initiated its A Re Yeng
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WASTE: legislation, policies and pl
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500 0 400 200 0 2011 2013 2015 2017
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facility (i.e. waste is sorted manu
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Figure 5.10: Depiction of in- and o
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As Figure 5.12 shows, Cape Town and
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Accelerating the transition to sust
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disadvantaged groups, through facil
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Accelerating the transition to food
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Biodiversity South Africa is the th
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Open spaces Ecological and social o
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in the city and in their homes then
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Emissions reduction to mitigate cli
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Principles of a Sustainable City Ur
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Recommendations Develop and embed a
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Key Messages 1 2 3 4 5 Cities have
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informal political and social cultu
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Section 51 of the Municipal Systems
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While these dynamics are critical a
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Blurred intergovernmental responsib
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Access to information As many ward
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Figure 6.5: Turnout for national an
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COMMUNITY-BASED PLANNING: Strengthe
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The right people are not necessaril
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Local government will require new k
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All the cities have performance man
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Unethical behaviour is one of the r
Page 226 and 227: Figure 6.9: Municipal audit consist
Page 228 and 229: Service Delivery and Development As
Page 230 and 231: Still playing catch-up on basic ser
Page 232 and 233: knew anything about the city’s ID
Page 234 and 235: The established routines need to ch
Page 237 and 238: FINANCE and INNOVATION Sustainable
Page 239 and 240: Introduction With total expenditure
Page 241 and 242: In 2013/14, unauthorised, irregular
Page 243 and 244: Figure 7.2: Nelson Mandela Bay Muni
Page 245 and 246: The challenge is that the interface
Page 247 and 248: Phase 3: City autonomy and accounta
Page 249 and 250: National Treasury uses Uniform Fina
Page 251 and 252: As Figures 7.5 and 7.6 show, Johann
Page 253 and 254: In the case of property development
Page 255 and 256: distribution. Johannesburg’s capi
Page 257 and 258: • Despite this, the overwhelming
Page 259 and 260: Effectiveness of spending and servi
Page 261 and 262: cities have low capital expenditure
Page 263 and 264: An encouraging development is that
Page 265 and 266: 3. Political interventions • Some
Page 267 and 268: Smart city strategies Smart city st
Page 269 and 270: encourage non-compliance. If priced
Page 271 and 272: • Municipalities could rightfully
Page 273 and 274: Recommendations If spatial transfor
Page 275: Finance and Innovation 275 7
Page 279 and 280: Introduction The State of South Afr
Page 281 and 282: Broadening access to the economy Ec
Page 283 and 284: “developmental state” that addr
Page 285 and 286: Despondent government officials For
Page 287 and 288: This section has highlighted some o
Page 289 and 290: Given the complexity of role-player
Page 291 and 292: The ability of poor and vulnerable
Page 293 and 294: The Infrastructure Dialogues attemp
Page 295 and 296: emergency services, and land tenure
Page 297 and 298: From available information (ibid) t
Page 299 and 300: Table 8.2: The different types of p
Page 301 and 302: Our Cities as Dynamic Local Systems
Page 303 and 304: Figure 8.5: An urban innovation fra
Page 305 and 306: Table 8.3: Enabling interventions b
Page 307 and 308: ENABLING ENVIRONMENT 307 8
Page 309: City profiles Individual city repor
Page 312 and 313: People and Households Size of city
Page 314 and 315: Sleeper Site development Introducti
Page 316 and 317: • Add urban amenities that foster
Page 319 and 320: City of cape town @ntatendaba
Page 321 and 322: 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% CITY FINANC
Page 323 and 324: Overview of flagship programme As p
Page 325: The overall goal was to use WDC2014
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People and Households Size of city
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Aerotroplis Introduction Airports h
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Time-distance analysis AVIATION INT
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City of eThekwini @jethrosnyderspho
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100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% CITY FINANC
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Overview of flagship programme The
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Reflections A significant achieveme
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Corridors of Freedom Introduction I
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Proposed interventions • Empire/P
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MANGAUNG @thabz_wa_lepantsola
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100% 80% 60% 40% 20% CITY FINANCE e
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Overview of flagship programme •
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involved to prevent them from becom
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Pietermaritzburg Urban Renewal Prog
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Ongoing maintenance and cleanliness
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Nelson Mandela Bay @mlungisibusakwe
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100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% CITY FINANC
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Overview of flagship programme The
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The experience of MBDA and SPUU in
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Wi-Fi project Introduction City-wid
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Reflections Critics of the project
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SoCR 2016 Data Almanac Introducing
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Improving Access to City Data Citie
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3. SACN theme (inclusive, productiv
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Indicator DEMOGRAPHIC Definition 1
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Indicator INCLUSIVE CITIES Definiti
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Indicator WELL-GOVERNED CITIES Defi
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Example: Three dimensional spatial
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KZN LGMIM LUMS M&E MCEP MFMA MIG MI
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. . . Figure 3.12 Changes in the ed
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tables . . . . Table 3.1 Narrow and
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The Routledge Handbook on Cities of
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SACN. 2014. Spatial Transformation
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Peberdy S. 2015. Informal sector en
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Mathivet, C. 2010. The Right to the
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Khumalo, L., Chetty, S. and Thompso
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Schulz Herzenberg C. 2012, Trends i
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References for Chapter 8 Arnstein S
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