The Cosmic Game ( PDFDrive.com )

Cosmic Game © Douglass A. White, 2012 v151207 132
Charge on Individual Quantum Particles
The mass of an electron is 9.109e-31 kg, and if we divide the elementary charge by that
mass, we get 1.7587e11 m/s, which is faster than the speed of light by several orders of
magnitude. So something strange is going on here. The mass of a proton, the other most
common particle with charge, is 1.673e-27 kg. Dividing the elementary charge by the
proton mass gives us 9.5756e7 m/s, which is slightly less than 1/3 of light speed and
makes much more sense if we imagine that the proton is emitting tiny particles. Atoms
generally have electrons interacting with protons, preferably on a one-to-one basis.
Although the charge on an electron is equal and opposite to the charge on a proton, the
electron is about 1836 times less massive than the proton. It also appears to be a point
particle, which suggests that its "mass" derives from something other than its physical
"body".
My interpretation of this situation is that the proton and neutron are compound structures
consisting of a complex flow of photons and antiphotons through a set of space-time
nodes. The electron is really a loosely attached node in that structure. Every subatomic
particle has a corresponding antiparticle, and when a particle meets its antiparticle its
nodal structure quickly annihilates into a randomized collection of photons and
antiphotons. The photon is the simplest subatomic particle and thus forms the ground
state for all the more complex nodal configurations. Thus photons and antiphotons can
associate freely without "annihilating" each other.
The only differences between a photon and an antiphoton is its direction of spin (i.e. its
relative orientation in space vis-a-vis an observer) and its orientation in time. A photon
moves forward in time, and an antiphoton moves backward in time (relatively speaking,
of course). When a photon and its corresponding antiphoton with the same energy
(frequency) associate together, the apparent temporal flow cancels out. Relative to the
photon-antiphoton couplet time stands still. If a proton emits a photon that will be
absorbed by an electron (or it could be vice versa), the electron emits an antiphoton that
is absorbed by the proton. However, since the antiphoton runs backward in time relative
to the photon, it seems that the antiphoton emerges from the proton joined to the
simultaneously emitted photon and travels with it to be absorbed by the electron. An
outside observer does not see the photon-antiphoton radiation unless the electron happens
to be in his eye. Physicists call this radiation interaction "bremsstrahlung" (braking
radiation), because it is the exchange of energy that takes place as the charge interaction
causes the electron to swerve in its path by or around the much more massive proton.
Attraction at a Distance is Magic, Not Physics
Physicists have always been troubled by electromagnetic and gravitational phenomena
(not to speak of the hypothetical gluonic strong force phenomena) that apparently
produce attractions between objects across gaps in space with no apparent mechanical
linkage. They have formulated sophisticated "field" theories to explain these mysterious
influences that can occur at a distance. These theories are mathematical programs that
attempt to describe the phenomena without actually explaining what really goes on.
According to these theories specialized particles (such as photons) act as carriers of