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PENNLANDSCAPESTHE GARDEN CRAFTSMENPHONE: 01494 813225EMAIL: info@pennlandscapes.co.ukFOR ALL YOUR GARDEN REQUIREMENTS36
FIELDS INKING'S WOOD Part 3So far, we have established that LiDARimages unexpectedly reveal clear evidenceof what appear to be field boundaries inKing's Wood and that the underlyinggeology is not the unploughable clay whichusually underlies woodland, but is the softchalk favoured by early farmers. Weended Part 2 asking whether there is anyevidence of when it was not woodland andthese fields were being ploughed.Bassetsbury ManorKing's Wood and the neighbouring St John'sWood to its north were not separated until 1203when the manor of Wycombe was dividedbetween two lords, Alan Basset and RobertVipont. The open area around KingswoodHouse, immediately east of Kingswood Road, isa surviving part of St John's Wood, but alynchet (a sharp change of slope resulting fromploughing) continues the King's Wood contoursignoring the boundary between the woods.(seemap). This suggests that the formation of thelynchet, andhenceevidence ofploughing,precededthe divisionof 1203.Anagreementin 1224between thetwo lordsand thecommonersrefers toenclosedwww.pennandtylersgreen.org.ukVillage Voice December 2019/January 2020land near Hazlemere, but otherwise refers onlyto the commoners' rights to the pannage for pigsin the adjoining woods of Wycombe and ofPenn. King's Wood was held by BassetsburyManor and its name and description as a woodcould date from when Henry III (1216-72) heldit in his own hands as part of Bassetsbury manorfor some years. The name St John's Woodmust be from 1312 when it passed into theownership of the Knights Hospitaller of St Johnof JerusalemThere is no mention in the Bassetsburymanorial records of any fields in King's Wood.It is all about trees, such as in 1541 when 'tenhundred beche trees of the best and biggest in awood or grove called Kynges woode' were soldfor £25. Nor is there any reference to fields inthe records of two Inquiries into rights ofcommon on Wycombe Heath in 1576 and 1666.The commoners claimed that both St John'sWood and King's Wood were used as commonby the surrounding inhabitants and that 'theyhad always taken underwood.... thorns, bushes,holly and hazel...and had dug chalk in King'sWood.'Thus we can say with some confidence thatKing's Wood was woodland as far back as thismedieval evidence can take us. Next time wemust look at Domesday Book and for anyearlier Saxon evidence. Miles Green37
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Page 5 and 6: CONTENTSDEC 2019 / JAN 2020Village
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