Tekstil Teknik October 2020

construction
Single jersey 100
1 Single jersey 100
Single jersey 40 60
2 Single jersey 40 60
Single jersey 60 40
3 68Single MAKALE jersey 60 40
Table 3.Water Retention Power
Table 3.Water Retention Power
Water
Fabric Fabric Density
Water
Fabric Fabric Density
Holding Weight (Course and
Holding Weight (Course and
Capacity (gr/m2) wale count per
Capacity (gr/m2) wale count per
(%)
cm (%)
cm )
350 138 12*17
1 350 138 12*17
369 115 12*17
2 369 115 12*17
383 118 13*15
3 383 118 13*15
Table 4.Determination of Hydrophilic Characteristic of Fibers
Table 4.Determination of Hydrophilic Characteristic of Fibers
Hydrophilicity 10s 30s 60s 90s 5min 10min
Hydrophilicity 10s 30s 60s 90s 5min 10min
(cm) (cm) (cm) (cm) (cm) (cm)
(cm) (cm) (cm) (cm) (cm) (cm)
1.2333 2.2333 3.1333 2
3.7000 5.3000 6.9000
1 1.2333 2.2333 3.1333 3.7000 5.3000 6.9000
0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
1.9667 2.7333 3.4667 4.0667 5.6000 7.0000
3 1.9667 2.7333 3.4667 4.0667 5.6000 7.0000
Table5. Antibacterial Activity Values
Staphylococcus
aureus
COTTON PLA LYOCELL
(% reduction)
1 100 88
2 40 60 5.97
3 60 40 43.28
Hydrophilic specifications of designed fabrics were
tested and it was found out that fabric type mixed
with cotton was not hydrophilic due to layer of
fat and wax on raw cotton fiber. Pre-treatments
processes were not applied to tested fabrics for
removing the layer. This characteristic was obstructed
by hydrophilicity. Hydrophilic value of 100%PLA
fabric was 3.7 cm in 90s. Hydrophilic characteristic
of 60%PLA 40% lyocell knitted fabric was measured
as 4.06 cm in 90s. It was seen that Lyocell fiber was
more hydrophilic than PLA fiber. Sorption properties
(hydrophilicity, water retention power and etc.) of fibers
are determined according to size and orientation
of amorphous regions, void fracture (diameter,
volume, and specific inner surface) and their surface
interaction properties. The primary-wall of cotton
fibers is composed of cellulose, fats, waxes, pectic
and proteic substances. Pure cellulose is located in
the secondary wall. Crystalline and amorphous regions
in cellulose macromolecules alternate along
fibrils. During pretreatment procedures, e.g. alkaline
treatments, natural cellulose (cellulose I) converts
into cellulose II; this is also characteristic for regenerated
cellulose fibers such as lyocell. Owing to fats,
Table 6. Whiteness and yellowness values of test fabrics
WI CIE
YI E313 [D65/10]
[D65/10]
1 65.39 6.76
2 27.25 20.22
3 66.42 7.46
E313(D65/10), respectively. ATR-FTIR of knitted fabrics
was carried out with Perkin Elmer Spectrum 100.
Scanning range of the spectrophotometer was
between 4000 and 650 cm -1 .
Figure 1. ATR-FTIR Diagram of 100% PLA
Figure 1. ATR-FTIR Diagram of 100% PLA
Figure 1. ATR-FTIR Diagram of 100% PLA
All tests were repeated for 3 times for each of the
methods mentioned above.
TEKSTİL & TEKNİK | EKİM | OCTOBER | 2020
3.Result and Discussions
Water retention power of fabrics is shown in table
3 below. Weights and densities of fabrics are also
indicated at the same table. Table 3
While water retention power of 100% PLA knitted
fabric was 350%, it was 369% on fabric composed
of 60 PLA% 40% cotton, and 383% on 60PLA% 40%
lyocell. It appears that 40% Lyocell fiber ratio in
fabric construction increased water holding capacity
although it has lower fabric weight. Lyocell
fiber was more efficient than cotton fiber in this
respect. Test results of hydrophilic characteristics
of fabrics in 10-30-60-90 seconds, and 5 and 10
minutes are given in table 4 below. Table 4
Figure2.ATR-FTIR Diagram of 100% Lyocell
Figure2.ATR-FTIR Diagram of 100% Lyocell
Figure2.ATR-FTIR Diagram of 100% Lyocell
Figure3.ATR-FTIR Diagram of 100% Cotton
Figure3.ATR-FTIR Diagram of 100% Cotton
Figure3.ATR-FTIR Diagram of 100% Cotton