An Interactive Introduction to Organismal and Molecular Biology, 2021

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10. SPECIES INTERACTIONS Andrea Bierema Learning Objectives Students will be able to: • Define niche. • Describe types of species interactions. • Define competitive exclusion and resource partitioning principles. • Use food webs to infer examples of species interaction within a community. • Use ecological models to appropriately predict how an abundance of species may impact other species within a community. Community Ecology Ecology is studied at different scales and species interactions are part of the “community ecology” scale. An interactive or media element has been excluded from this version of the text. You can view it online here: https://openbooks.lib.msu.edu/isb202/?p=199
82 | SPECIES INTERACTIONS Two-Species Interactions Community ecology includes the ways in which species interact. Research sometimes focuses on two species of a complex community and the general ways those species interact with one another can be classified by whether the species are positively, negatively, or neutrally impacted. The following video describes the main types of species interactions, with examples. The table below summarizes these types. An interactive or media element has been excluded from this version of the text. You can view it online here: https://openbooks.lib.msu.edu/isb202/?p=199 Interaction Definition Species A Species B Mutualism* Commensalism* Consumption · Parasitism* · Parasitoidism* · Predation · Herbivory Competition A long-term, close association between two species in which both partners benefit Organisms of two species use the same limited resource and have a negative impact on each other One species eats all or part of the body of a member of another species. The consumed species is either killed from the interaction (e.g., predation) or harmed but likely survives (e.g., parasitism) Two species “fight” over a resource. Although one species may “win,” it is still negatively impacted by taking part in the competition + + + N + – – – *These interactions may also be labeled as symbiotic interactions (i.e., symbiosis) if the two species live and interact closely together.
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UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO SCIENCE
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An Interactive Introduction to Organismal and Molecular Biology, 2021

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