Building with earth - Gernot MINKE (1)

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Center of Gravity Foundation Hallat Jemez Springs, New Mexico,USAThe building serves as the primary teachingand meditation hall for the existing ZenBuddhist compound, located in a highmountain river valley in northern NewMexico.The thick rammed earth walls act as thermalcomposites, keeping unwanted summerheat out during the day and re-radiating itat night. Cantilevered roof edges block summersun. Cooling works via cross-ventilationby opening the sliding panels to the eastand the entry doors to the west. In winterheat is generated by geothermal water.Architects: H. Predock, J. Frane, Santa Monica, CA,USACompletion: 2003Area: 279 m 2194Built examples
195Cultural, Educational and Sacral Buildings
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Building with Earth1Introduction
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Preface 7I The technology of earth
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PrefaceNext page Minaret ofthe Al-M
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1Introduction1.1 Storage rooms,temp
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1.41.51.4 Large Mosque,Djenne, Mali
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4 Loam is always reusableUnbaked lo
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(If the humidity were lowered from
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2The properties of earth as a build
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Tetrahedron withsilicon coreSand 0.
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2.8 Grain size distributionof test
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2.13 Swelling and shrinkagetest2.14
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Silty loam (1900 kg/m 3 ) (3)Clayey
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tion 2.27 shows the drying process
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Solid loam Lightweight loam2.31U-va
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2.32 Comparison ofindoor and outdoo
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2.39 Field test to derivethe bond s
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3.33.23.1 Mixing unit usedat the BR
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4 Improving the earth’s character
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As with concrete, the maximum water
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4.8This is easiest if the clay is a
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4.11P d t/m 31.831.80t’Su0.13 t/m
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blocks lie exposed to direct sun an
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4.20Straw Weight Compressive streng
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4.214.21 Setting of a lightweightst
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developed (see p. 56 in this chapte
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5.9 Electrical ram(Wacker)5.10 Pneu
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5.20Frame structure with rammed ear
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5.285.26PlasterSoil blocksThermal i
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6Working with earthen blocksIllustr
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6.7 to 6.9 Makingadobes in Ecuador6
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pressive strength with minimum shri
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Lightweight loam blocksSo-called li
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7 Large blocks and prefabricated pa
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Floor tilesPrefabricated tiles made
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8.58.6 Traditional wetloam construc
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8.128.8 Multi-storeyedhouses made u
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8.198.208.238.24Illustrations 8.19,
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8.28Wall typesDue to shrinkage of 3
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9.5 9.39.49.1 Traditional pithouse
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10 Tamped, poured or pumped lightwe
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en members were totally destroyed b
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10.1410.1610.1510.13 Pouring minera
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Loam-filled hollow blocksIn industr
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10.3010.26 to 10.28 Makinga bathroo
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11.411.1 Cutting jointswith the use
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Sprayed plasterIn 1984, the author
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11.9 Sculptural earthwall11.10 Spra
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12.112.1 µ-values ofwater-repellen
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12.412.2 w-values of loamplasters w
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LimeSandFat-freecheeseLinseedoilCla
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• In order to decrease the curing
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14 Designs of particular building e
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14.5 14.614.4ing the indoor air tem
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14.10 14.11A14.12B14.13ABCD14.14Ram
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14.1714.1814.19spaces thus created
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14.2514.21 Vertical sectionthrough
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14.2914.30Earth block vaults and do
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14.35 14.3614.34nents. The steeper
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14.43 14.4414.4214.45and divided in
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Nr.12345678910111213141516171819202
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14.54 14.55Afghan and Persian domes
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14.6314.6214.6414.66 14.6514.67 14.
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14.7414.75129Designs of building el
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14.76Earthen storage wall in winter
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14.80 Bedroom, privateresidence in
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15 Earthquake-resistant building15.
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dangerousdangerousdangerous15.4safe
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A simple solution for stabilising r
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15.2315.24Bamboo-reinforced rammed
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Page 143 and 144: 15.3715.38Vaults15.3915.41145An imp
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Page 147 and 148: II Built examplesAs shown by the ex
Page 149 and 150: 151Residences
Page 151 and 152: Residence cum office, Kassel,German
Page 155 and 156: Honey House at Moab, Utah, USAThis
Page 157 and 158: Three-family house, Stein on theRhi
Page 159 and 160: Residence, Turku, FinlandThe partly
Page 162: Residence at Des Montes,near Taos,
Page 165 and 166: Residence and office at BowenMounta
Page 173 and 174: 175Cultural, Educational and Sacral
Page 181 and 182: Mosque, Wabern, GermanyBeginning in
Page 185 and 186: Architects: Gluckman Mayner Archite
Page 187 and 188: Academic accommodationbuilding, Cha
Page 189 and 190: Youth Centre at Spandau, Berlin,Ger
Page 191: 193Cultural, Educational and Sacral
Page 195 and 196: MeasuresPhysical valuesR- and U-val
Page 197 and 198: Turowski, R.: Entlastung der Rohsto
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Building with earth - Gernot MINKE (1)

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